ACI CCS-3-1989 Supported Beams and Slabs《支撑梁和支撑板》.pdf
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1、AC1 CCS-3 9 0662949 0515LO Ob3 AC1 CCS-3 89 0662947 0515108 TTT CONCRETE CRAFTSMAN SERIES-SUPPORTED BEAMS AND SLABS Robert C. Bates Kenneth D. Cummins Charles M. Dabney John Foote AC1 CCS-3 89 W 0662949 05l15L09 936 m AC1 Committee E-703 Concrete Construction Practices William R. Phillips Chairman R
2、obert E. Glanville Oswin Keifer, Jr. Theodore W. Marotta, Jr. Charles W. Mayer Raymond C. Nowacki Bryon D. Spangler Thomas D. Verti Bradley K. Violetta This document has been reviewed in accordance with Institute publication procedures Printed in the United States of America First Printing-June 1989
3、 Copyright O 1989 AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE P. O. Box 19150, Redford Station Detroit, Michigan 48219 All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by any electronic or mechanical device, printed or
4、written or oral. or recording for sound or visual reproduction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors. The Institute is not responsible for the statements or opinions expressed in its publication. Institute p
5、ublications are not able to, nor intended to, supplant individual training, responsibility, or judgment of the user, or the supplier, of the information presented. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 89-83947 AC1 CCS-3 87 0662949 0515110 b58 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface . 1 Chapter 1 . General . 2
6、Chapter 3 . Shoring, Reshoring, Backshoring, and Form Removal 8 Chapter 4 . Forms for Flat Slabs 21 Chapter 5 . Forms for Slabs with Beams . 31 Chapter 6 . Forms for Special Application . 37 Chapter 7 . Layout, Blockouts, Embedment, and Joints 42 Chapter 8 . Reinforcement . 51 Chapter 9 . Concrete P
7、lacing and Finishing 64 Chapter 10 . Checklists 69 Appendix A . What the Craftsman Should Know About Concrete 73 Appendix B . Concrete Materials and Mix Proportioning . 78 Appendix C . Concrete Control Tests 82 Appendix D . Definitions . 88 Appendix E . Formwork, Embedded Pipes, and Construction Joi
8、nts- Chapter 6, AC1 318-83 (Revised 1986) . 96 Appendix F . References . 99 Appendix G . Conversion Factors 100 Chapter 2 . Formwork-General 3 AC1 CCS-3 87 0662747 0515111 574 PREFACE This is the third booklet in the Concrete Craftsman Series published by the American Concrete Institute. The first b
9、ooklet, Slabs on Grude covers placing, curing and finishing. The second booklet, Cast-in-Place Walls covers formwork, reinforcement, placing of concrete, curing, and wall finishes. This third booklet is intended to provide construction knowledge for the apprentice, journeyman, and foreman involved w
10、ith cast-in-place elevated slabs and beams. For the apprentice craftsman, it provides a source of information to help supplement his practical experience. For the foreman, it provides technical background on such topics as shoring, reshoring, form removal, reinforcement placement, and concrete placi
11、ng, finishing, and curing. This booklet is not intended as a design aid, but rather a guide to good practice. The design of supported slabs and beams is the responsibility of a professional engineer. Designs are usually reviewed and approved by local building authorities and governed by codes such a
12、s the Uniform Building Code, Standard Building Code, BOCA (Building Officials and Code Administrators) Code and others which reference “Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete” (AC1 3 18). The selection and design of forrnwork is the responsibility of the contractor. The system selected m
13、ust consider economics, schedule, quality, and safety. If the craftsman is involved with the selection, he must not assume responsibility beyond his level of experience. Poor selection may cost more money, and more important, may cause injury or death to fellow workers. While the craftsman is not re
14、sponsible for the structural design of the slabs and beams, he is responsible for good quality workmanship and a final product that meets the requirements of the job plans and specifications. Information in this booklet should be used as a guide to good practice. Plans and specifications for a proje
15、ct and local building requirements must be followed, even if they differ from the information in this booklet. 1 AC1 CCS-3 9 m Ob62747 0535332 420 m CHAPTER 1 GENERAL The American Concrete Institute defines slabs Slab: A flat, horizontal or nearly so, molded layer of plain or reinforced concrete, us
16、u- ally of uniform but sometimes of variable thickness, either on the ground or sup- ported by beams, columns, walls, or other framework. Beam: A structural member subjected primarily Elevated slabs and beams require shoring to prop- erly support the formwork during the casting and curing sequcnces.
17、 Appendixes A, B, C, D, and E contain valuable information regarding concrete in general, materi- als and mix proportioning, and a detailed listing of definitions of words used throughout this booklet. In addition to the slab and beam definitions above, it is important that the following terms also
18、be defined at this point: Form: The mold or sheathing and its reinforcing members which contact the concrete and give the concrete final shape. Formwork: The total system of support for freshly placed concrete, including the mold or sheathing which contacts and beams as follows: to flexure (bending)
19、. the concrete as well as supporting members, hardware, and necessary bracing. Falsework: Any temporary structure erected to support work in the process of con- struction. Shoring: A System of vertical or inclined sup- ports for forms; may be wood or metal posts, scaffold type frames, or various pat
20、ented members. Reshoring: The placing of shores snugly under a stripped concrete slab or structural member after the original formwork and shores have been removed from a large area, thus requiring the new slab or member to deflect and sup- port its own weight and existing con- struction loads prior
21、 to the installa- tion of reshores. Backshoring: The placing of shores snugly under a stripped concrete slab or struc- tural member after the original formwork and shores have been removed from a small area without allowing the slab to deflect or support its own weight or existing construction loads
22、 from above. Stay-in-place forms: Forms left in place that may or may not become an inte- gral part of the structural frame. These forms may be the rigid type such as met- al deck, precast concrete, wood, plastics, and fiber- board, or the flexible type such as reinforced, water- repellent corrugate
23、d paper or wire mesh with water- proof paper backing. Craftsmen who seek further in-depth information should read American Concrete Institutes publica- tion SP-4, Formwork for Concrete, by M. K. Hurd. This extensive volume contains detailed discus- sions on formwork planning, materials, loads and pr
24、essures, design, design tables, construction, ar- chitectural concrete, shells, domes, folded plates, tunnels, and shafts. Other AC1 documents may be of interest to the craftsman. A publication list may be requested from the American Concrete Institute. Appendix F contains a bibliography of appropri
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