API RP 14C-2001 Recommended Practice for Analysis Design Installation and Testing of Basic Surface Safety Systems for Offshore Production Platforms (Seventh Edition)《海上生产平台地面安全系统的分.pdf

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1、Recommended Practice for Analysis, Design, Installation, and Testing of Basic Surface Safety Systems for Offshore Production PlatformsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 14CSEVENTH EDITION, MARCH 2001REAFFIRMED: MARCH 2007Recommended Practice for Analysis, Design, Installation, and Testing of Basic Surface Saf

2、ety Systems for Offshore Production PlatformsUpstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 14CSEVENTH EDITION, MARCH 2001REAFFIRMED: MARCH 2007SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic-ular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regu

3、lations should be reviewed.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers towarn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning healthand safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local, state, or fed-eral

4、 laws.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to par-ticular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer orsupplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be con

5、strued as granting any right, byimplication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or prod-uct covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be con-strued as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Gene

6、rally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least everyfive years. Sometimes a one-time extension of up to two years will be added to this reviewcycle. This publication will no longer be in effect five years after its publication date as anoperative API standard or, wh

7、ere an extension has been granted, upon republication. Statusof the publication can be ascertained from the API Upstream Segment telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually and updated quar-terly by API, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.This

8、 document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropri-ate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an APIstandard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this standard or com-ments and questions concerning the proc

9、edures under which this standard was developedshould be directed in writing to the general manager of the Upstream Segment, AmericanPetroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permissionto reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein shou

10、ld also beaddressed to the general manager.API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineer-ing and operating practices. These standards are not intended to obviate the need for apply-ing sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards sh

11、ould beutilized. The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way toinhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the markingrequirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the

12、 applicablerequirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such prod-ucts do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical

13、, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright 2001 American Petroleum InstituteFOREWORDThis standard was developed as an API recommended practice unde

14、r the jurisdiction ofthe API Upstream Segment Executive Committee on Drilling and Production Operations.This recommended practice presents a standardized method to design, install, and test sur-face safety systems on offshore production platforms and is intended for use by design engi-neers and oper

15、ating personnel. Recognized systems analysis methods are used to developrequirements for a safety system and procedures are included to document the safety systemand verify conformance with the recommended practice.Other API recommended practices for safety and antipollution systems used in offshore

16、oil and gas production include the following: RP 14EDesign and Installation of Offshore Production Platform Piping SystemsRP 14FDesign and Installation of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Off-shore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassied and Class 1, Division 1 andDivision 2 LocationsRP 14GFire

17、 Prevention and Control on Open Type Offshore Production Plat-formsRP 14JDesign and Hazards Analysis for Offshore Production FacilitiesRP 75Development of a Safety and Environmental Management Program forOuter Continental Shelf (OCS) Operations and FacilitiesAPI publications may be used by anyone de

18、siring to do so. Every effort has been made bythe Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, theInstitute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publicationand hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility fo

19、r loss or damage resultingfrom its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which thispublication may conflict.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the general manager, UstreamSegment, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washin

20、gton, D.C. 20005.This publication shall become effective on the date printed on the cover but may be usedvoluntarily from the date of distribution.iiiCONTENTSPage1. GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1

21、Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Organization of Technical Content. . . . .

22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 Government Codes, Rules, and Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 Industry Codes, Standards, and Recommended Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.6 Metric Conversions. . . . . . .

23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32. SAFETY DEVICE SYMBOLS AND IDENTIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24、. 32.2 Functional Device Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.3 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.4 Component Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.5 Example Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33. INTRODUCTION TO SAFETY ANALYSIS AND SYSTEM DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.1 Purpose and Objectives. . . . . . .

26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.2 Safety Flow Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.3 Modes of Safety System Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27、 . . . . . 73.4 Premises for Basic Analysis and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74. PROTECTION CONCEPTS AND SAFETY ANALYSIS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.2 Protection Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.3 Safety Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.4 Analysis and

29、Design Procedure Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16APPENDIX A PROCESS COMPONENT ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17APPENDIX B ANALYSIS TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55APPENDIX C SUPPOR

30、T SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63APPENDIX D TESTING AND REPORTING PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69APPENDIX E EXAMPLES OF SAFETY ANALYSIS FLOW DIAGRAM ANDSAFETY ANALYSIS FUNCTION EVALUATION(SAFE) CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75APPENDIX F TOXIC GAS SECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87APPENDIX G DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Figures2-1 Exa

32、mples of Safety Device Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53-1 Safety Flow ChartOffshore Production Facility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9A-1.1Recommended Safety DevicesWellhead Flow Lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19A

33、-1.2Recommended Safety DevicesUnderwater Wellhead Flow Lines . . . . . . . . . . 20A-1.3Recommended Safety DevicesSatellite Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21A-2 Recommended Safety DevicesWellhead Injection Lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23A-3 Recommended Safety

34、DevicesHeaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25A-4 Recommended Safety DevicesPressure Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27A-5 Recommended Safety DevicesAtmospheric Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30A-6.1Recommended Safety Devic

35、esTypical Fired Vessel (Natural Draft). . . . . . . . . 34A-6.2Recommended Safety DevicesTypical Fired Vessel (Forced Draft) . . . . . . . . . 35A-6.3Recommended Safety DevicesExhaust Heated Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36vPageA-7.1Recommended Safety DevicesPipeline Pump . . . . . . . . .

36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41A-7.2Recommended Safety DevicesGlycol Powered Glycol Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42A-7.3Recommended Safety DevicesOther Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43A-8 Recommended Safety DevicesCompressor Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37、 . . . . . . . . 46A-9 Recommended Safety DevicesPipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49A-10 Recommended Safety DevicesHeat Exchangers (Shell-Tube) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52B-1 Safety Analysis Function Evaluation Chart (SAFE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38、. . . . 62E-1.1Example Safety Analysis Flow Diagram of Platform Production Process . . . . . . 77E-1.2Safety Analysis Function Evaluation Chart (SAFE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79E-2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83E-2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84E-2.3Safety Analysis Function Evaluation Chart (SAFE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Tables2-1 Safety Device

40、 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42-2 Component Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6A-1.1Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Flow Line Segment. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41、 . . . . . . . . . . 22A-1.2Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Flow Line Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22A-2.1Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Wellhead Injection Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24A-2.2Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Wellhead Injection Lines . . . . . . . . . . . .

42、 . . . . 24A-3.1Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26A-3.2Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26A-4.1Safety Analysis Table (SAT) Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28A-4.2Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29A-5.1Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Atmospheric Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31A-5.2Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Atmospheric Vessels . . . . . .

44、. . . . . . . . . . . . . 31A-6.1Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Fired Components Natural Draft . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37A-6.2Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Fired Components Forced Draft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37A-6.3Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Exhaust Heated Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45、37A-6.2Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Fired and Exhaust Heated Components . . . . 38A-6.3Safe Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39A-7.1Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46、 . . . . 44A-7.2Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Pumps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44A-8.1Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Compressors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47A-8.2Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Compressors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47、 . . . . . . . . . 47A-9.1Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50A-9.2Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Pipelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50A-10.1 Safety Analysis Table (SAT)Heat Exchangers (Shell-Tube). .

48、. . . . . . . . . . . . 53A-10.2 Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC)Heat Exchangers (Shell-Tube) . . . . . . . . . . 53B-1 Safety Analysis Table (SAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55B-1 Composite Safety Analysis Checklist (SAC) . . . . . . . . . . .

49、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56C-1 Guidelines for Fusible Plug Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67D-1 Safety Device Test Data Safety Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71D-2 Safety Device Test Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72vi 1Recommended Practice for Analysis, Design, Installation, andTesting of Basic Surface Safety Systems for Offshore Production Platforms1. GENERAL1.1 INTRODUCTIONFor many years th