API PUBL 4619-1995 Study to Characterize Air Concentrations of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) at Service Stations in the Northeast《表征东北部加油站空气中所含甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)的研究》.pdf
《API PUBL 4619-1995 Study to Characterize Air Concentrations of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) at Service Stations in the Northeast《表征东北部加油站空气中所含甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)的研究》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《API PUBL 4619-1995 Study to Characterize Air Concentrations of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) at Service Stations in the Northeast《表征东北部加油站空气中所含甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)的研究》.pdf(138页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、American Petroleum 11 Institute API PUBLX4619 95 0732290 0545622 879 - *!iw: - A Study to Characterize Air Concentrations of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) at Service Stations in the Northeast Health and Environmental Sciences Department Publication Number 4619 March 1995 API PUBL*:YbLS 95 07322
2、90 0545623 705 = One of the most significant long-term trends affecting the future vitality of the petroleum industry is the publics concerns about the environment. Recognizing this trend, API member companies have developed a positive, forward-looking strategy called STEP: Strategies for Todays Env
3、ironmental Partnership. This program aims to address public concerns by improving our industrys environmental, health and safety performance; documenting petformance improvements; and communicating them to the public. The foundation of STEP is the API Environmental Mission and Guiding Environmental
4、Principles. API ENVIRONMENTAL MISSION AND GUIDING ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLES The members of the American Petroleum Institute are dedicated to continuous efforts to improve the compatibility of our operations with the environment while economically developing energy resources and supplying high quality
5、 products and services to consumers. The members recognize the importance of efficiently meeting societys needs and our responsibility to work with the public, the government, and others to develop and to use natural resources in an environmentally sound manner while protecting the health and safety
6、 of our employees and the public. To meet these responsibilities, API members pledge to manage our businesses according to these principles: 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 To recognize and to respond to Community concerns about our raw materials, products and operations. To operate our plants and facilities,
7、 and to handle our raw materials and products in a manner that protects the environment, and the safety and health of our employees and the public. To make safety, health and environmental considerations a priority in our planning, and our . development of new products and processes. To advise promp
8、tly, appropriate officials, employees, customers and the public of information on significant industry-related safety, health and environmental hazards, and to recommend protective measures. To counsel customers, transporters and others in the safe use, transportation and disposal of our raw materia
9、ls, products and waste materials. To economically develop and produce natural resources and to conserve those resources by using energy efficiently. To extend knowledge by conducting or supporting research on the safety, health and environmental effects of our raw materials, products, processes and
10、waste materials. To commit to reduce overall emission and waste generation. To work with others to resolve problems created by handling and disposal of hazardous substances from our operations. To participate with government and others in creating responsible laws, regulations and standards to safeg
11、uard the community, workplace and environment. To promote these principles and practices by sharing experiences and offering assistance to others who produce, handle, use, transport or dispose of similar raw materials, petroleum products and wastes. API PUBLm4bL9 95 = 0732290 0545624 641 m A Study t
12、o Characterize Air Concentrations of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) at Service Stations in the Northeast Health and Environmental Sciences Department API PUBLICATION NUMBER 461 9 PREPARED UNDER CONTRACT BY: TED JOHNSON, MICHAEL MCCOY, AND TONY WISBITH IT CORPORATION 3710 UNIVERSITY DRIVE, SUITE
13、201 DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA 27707 OCTOBER 1994 American Petroleum Institute API PUBL*4bL9 95 0732290 0545625 588 FOREWORD API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE. WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDEML LAWS AND REGULATiONS SHOULD BE REVIEWED. API
14、IS NOT UNDERTAKING To MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, MANUFAC- TURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIP THEIR EMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS, NOR UNDERTmG THEIR OBLIGATIONS UNDER LOCAL, STATE, OR FEDERAL LAWS. NOTHING CONTAINED IN ANY
15、 API PUBLICATION IS TO BE CONSTRUED AS GRANTING ANY RIGHT, BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE, FOR THE MANU- FACTURE, SALE, OR USE OF ANY METHOD, APPARATUS, OR PRODUCT COV- ERED BY LETTERS PATENT. NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHING CONTAINED IN ITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF LETIERS PATF“. THE PUBLICATION BE CONSTRUED AS IN
16、SURING ANYONE AGAINST LIABIL- Copytight 2. Three self-service stations with Stage II vapor recovery in Westchester County, New York; and 3. Five self-service stations without Stage II vapor recovery in Fairfield County, Connecticut. The selection of full-service stations in New Jersey was unavoidabl
17、e, as self-service stations are not permitted in that state. Each station was sampled on a separate day between April 7, 1993 and April 23, 1993. The monitoring activities at each station were conducted during two four-hour periods, nominally 9 a.m. to 12 a.m. and 2 p.m. to 6 p.m. Four-hour canister
18、 and impinger samples were collected at four perimeter locations (north, east, south, and west) and one pump location at each station, in customer breathing zones at the New ES-I API PUBL*4bLS 95 0732290 0545635 427 York and Connecticut stations, and in attendant breathing zones at the New Jersey st
19、ations. In addition, four-hour charcoal tube samples were collected in the breathing zones of all stations. These samples were analyzed to determine air concentrations of MTBE, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylene), total hydrocarbon (THC) concentration, and formaldehyde. Continuous carbon
20、monoxide measurements were made in the pump area of each station using a Metrosonics“ pm-7700 monitor. Organic vapor analyzers (OVA) were used to continuously monitor THC concentrations in the pump areas and breathing zones. These measurements were made as a means of identifying individual refueling
21、 events which could not be distinguished in the four-hour samples collected by the canister samplers. Field personnel monitored meteorological parameters, gasoline composition (oxygenate content, Reid vapor pressure, BTEX), and gasoline sales as well as deliveries during each sampling period. Person
22、nel also noted the time each vehicle was refueled and conducted regular counts of traffic on nearby roadways. Gasoline pumping activities were continuously recorded by a stationary video camera. Statistical analyses of the data obtained from the field monitoring activities support the following gene
23、ral findings. 1. Mean and maximum four-hour average MTBE concentrations generally decrease from breathing zone to pump island to perimeter, suggesting that refueling activities are the principal source of MTBE measured at service stations. 2. MTBE concentrations are generally lower at stations with
24、Stage II vapor controls. 3. Median four-hour MTBE concentrations for all stations are below 2 ppm at breathing zone and pump island locations and below 0.02 ppm at the station perimeters. ES2 API PUBL*YbL 95 0732290 0545636 363 = 4, Maximum four-hour MTBE concentrations for all stations are below 2.
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