BS PD ISO TR 19300-2015 Graphic technology Guidelines for the use of standards for print media production《印刷技术 印刷媒体生产标准使用指南》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards Publication Graphic technology Guidelines for the use of standards for print media production PD ISO/TR 19300:2015National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TR 19300:2015. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PAI/43

2、, Graphic technology. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.

3、 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 88349 1 ICS 01.120; 37.100.01 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2015. Amend

4、ments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD ISO/TR 19300:2015 ISO 2015 Graphic technology Guidelines for the use of standards for print media production Technologie graphique Lignes directrices pour lutilisation des normes pour la production de supports dimpres

5、sion TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 19300 Reference number ISO/TR 19300:2015(E) First edition 2015-09-01 PD ISO/TR 19300:2015 ISO/TR 19300:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this

6、publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the

7、country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org PD ISO/TR 19300:2015 ISO/TR 19300:2015(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 T erms and definitions . 1 3 Graphi

8、c supply chain 1 3.1 Stakeholders, roles, and responsibilities 1 3.2 Use cases and product relationships . . 3 4 Base concepts . 4 4.1 Viewing conditions 5 4.2 Colour measurements . 5 4.3 Printing condition 5 4.4 Characterization 6 4.5 Grey reproduction and grey balance 6 5 W or kflo w s 6 5.1 Desig

9、n stage . 6 5.1.1 RGB images . 7 5.1.2 Process-dependent and process-independent design workflows 7 5.1.3 Preflighted press-ready files 8 5.1.4 Proofing systems 9 5.2 Prepress stage .10 5.3 Printing stage 12 5.4 Postpress stage 12 6 Carbon footprint calculation .13 7 Interrelation of printing standa

10、rds .13 Bibliography .15 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents Page PD ISO/TR 19300:2015 ISO/TR 19300:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standard

11、s is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take

12、part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In part

13、icular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of

14、this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see w

15、ww.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to

16、 the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.iv ISO 2015 All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 19300:2015 ISO/TR 19300:2015(E) Introduction Standards are

17、documented consensus agreements containing safety, technical specifications, or other precise criteria to be used consistently as rules, guidelines, or definitions of characteristics for materials, products, processes, and services. In many cases, they provide uniformity, which allows worldwide acce

18、ptance and application of a product or material. The aim is to facilitate trade, exchange, and technology transfer. Standards help to remove technical barriers to trade leading to new markets and economic growth for the industry. Today, companies are facing fundamental changes in the way they do bus

19、iness. Strategies and business practices are continuously being evaluated to determine how to maintain and increase market share, reduce costs, increase productivity and safety, and achieve and maintain a competitive edge. Graphic arts companies face these changes starting from a point at which the

20、standards are not completely adopted by the market even if they provide complete technical guidelines. Graphic industries are only a small part of the graphic market made up of micro and small handcraft companies throughout the world. During recent years, many transformations have occurred in the ma

21、rket. Digital communications and digital media technology have driven restructuring in the graphic arts industry. ISO/TC 130 is working to reflect these changes in the standard development structure with new approaches and ideas to follow todays market and trends and anticipate future requirements.

22、All graphic arts companies can use the structure of the published standards to support their business and to harmonize production workflows irrespective of the size of the company. Published standards for the printing, publishing, and finishing industries enable processes to run faster, more predict

23、ably and more efficiently, and to be more cost effective by providing uniform, defined procedures, and tools that help users produce quality products for their customers, facilitating interconnectivity and process integration among systems, allowing users to communicate easily with one another, enha

24、ncing product quality and reliability at a reasonable price, increasing distribution efficiency and ease of maintenance, improving health, safety, and environmental protection, and reducing waste. The language used to write standards in recent decades mainly reflects the needs of printers and the pr

25、inters suppliers, ignoring the other actors in the printing supply chain. This Technical Report tries to describe the relationship between standards with all the actors in the graphic supply chain taken into account, preparing the market for tomorrows standards structure. The composition of the grap

26、hic arts supply chain varies depending on the kind of product manufactured and the size of the graphics project measured in terms of the number of copies, but tends to be similar around the world. Every actor or stakeholder in the supply chain may be a single person, a small company, or a big organi

27、zation. In every case, thanks to the digitalization of the graphic arts supply chain achieved mainly over the past 20 years, instruments, methodology, and production standards can be the same irrespective of the size of the stakeholders organization. Today, a single freelance designer can use the sa

28、me software and provide the same results as a gigantic multi-national agency and there is no technical reason why they should not use the same standards. The same is true for printers. A small printing company with the ability to produce at the same quality level can compete or collaborate with big

29、companies if both follow the ISO standards. . All the ISO/TC 130 standards, particularly the process control standards, aim to describe the so-called “standard quality”. Many people in the graphic arts industry think that this “standard quality” is good for big production companies distributed world

30、wide, but not for small regional production companies. ISO 2015 All rights reserved v PD ISO/TR 19300:2015 ISO/TR 19300:2015(E) This was not the intention of ISO/TC 130 because if the “standard quality” reflects the minimum set of warranties that a supplier needs to give to customers, in terms of fu

31、lfilling the expectation of a small variability within printing runs, most of the companies that ignore ISO standards have big problems in maintaining a constant level of predictable quality of the final results. Without such predictability, the result is likely to change in every printing run and t

32、he final product will be a unique handcrafted printed product, which in most cases, is unlikely to fulfill the needs of customers in any scenario. The set of parameters used to define the print quality attributes of a final graphic product have not been described in any document up to now, but ISO/T

33、C 130 is working with other ISO committees to define such a set. ISO/TC 130 standards describe and define certain parameters for a printing product, together with their tolerances, but ignore most of them. Since most ISO standards are related to properties of materials and to process control, the qu

34、ality is here defined by parameters related to single and unfinished print. Within ISO aims and tolerances, there is the possibility of delivering different products so that small companies making regional products can benefit from standardization and produce something both unique and precious. At t

35、he same time, big companies can follow ISO aims and tolerances strictly to guarantee predictability and consistency around the world. Quality control of the final product is not, in most cases, standardized so finishing processes such as lamination, varnishes, and binding, which affect customer sati

36、sfaction, will depend on the ability of printers, finishers, or converters. Digital printing is more and more widely used in graphic arts production and its processes interrelate and overlap with traditional printing. There are many different fast-changing digital printing technologies and it is now

37、 included in many conventional printing companies. We can consider a printing process as digital either when the image is transferred to the substrate by a digital technology and there is no printing form or when the process has the ability to change the image with every print. Digital printing infl

38、uences workflows and process control. International Standards that support digital printing are under development within ISO/TC 130, for instance, the ISO 15311 (all parts). Other ISO documents can be used in a digital printing workflow, for instance, the ISO PAS 15339 (all parts).vi ISO 2015 All ri

39、ghts reserved PD ISO/TR 19300:2015 TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 19300:2015(E) Graphic technology Guidelines for the use of standards for print media production 1 Scope This Technical Report provides guidelines to enable print industry stakeholders to use ISO/TC 130 and related standards in print media pr

40、oduction workflows. The use of these standards is intended to enhance production quality, business performance, profitability, and sustainability. 2 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o l o u r C o n

41、s o r t i u m p r o f i l e I C C p r o f i l e collection of transforms, encoded as specified in the ICC profile specification which is used to convert image data between device space and profile connection space SOURCE: ISO 12637-2:2008, 2.71 2.2 p r e f l i g h t e d p r e s s - r e a d y f i l e

42、 prepress file which contains all technical elements required by printing and postpress processes defined for the production, verified by a preflight software 2.3 proof hard or soft copy reproduction made using various technologies to simulate an intended printing output SOURCE: ISO 12637-2:2008, 2.

43、104 2.4 use case category that combines graphic products that have been developed for the same marketing purpose 2.5 validation print print produced directly from digital data early in the production chain, meeting the requirements of ISO 12647-8 representative of the concept for the final product S

44、OURCE: ISO 12647-1:2013, 3.42 2.6 stakeholder any person or organization that is involved in graphic supply chain or can give inputs for print process 3 Graphic supply chain 3.1 Stakeholders, roles, and responsibilities A complete and coherent description of the graphic supply chain, as referenced b

45、y ISO/TC 130 standards, is not explicitly declared in any document. Depending on the use case and the product concerned, stakeholders may play different roles and share different responsibilities as stated in Table 1. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1 PD ISO/TR 19300:2015 ISO/TR 19300:2015(E) Table 1 D

46、escription of stakeholders, roles, and responsibilities Stakeholder Description, roles, responsibilities Print buyer The purchaser of a single graphical product or of some coordinated graphical products. Their role may include the following: communicate the customer expectation to all relevant stake

47、holders; contracts to confirm technical specifications compatible with printing production standards; approval of validation prints and proofs; approval of OK sheets or OK samples; approval of the print run; approval of the finished job. Has the responsibility to communicate the specifics of graphic

48、 design in a manner consistent with relevant standards. Designer A person who plans the appearance and/or structure of a graphic project prior to it being produced. Their role is not covered in existing ISO/TC 130 standards. Prepress company/ operator A person or organization that enables the printi

49、ng of a generic graphic project using a specific printing process. Their role may include the following: digital file conversion; content adaption; composition, page layout; colour transformations; generation of a digital reference file; production of printing forms. Has the responsibility to follow pertinent ISO/TC 130 standards during any transformation, including the following:. assurance of data integrity; providing the correct preflighted press-ready data or the correct pri