BS ISO IEC IEEE 15288-2015 Systems and software engineering System life cycle processes《系统与软件工程 系统生命循环过程》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 Systems and software engineering System life cycle processesBS ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015. It supersedes BS ISO/IEC 15288:2002 which is withd

2、rawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/15, Software and systems engineering. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of

3、 a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 89613 2 ICS 35.080 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published unde

4、r the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2015. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015Reference number ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015(E) ISO/IEC 2015 IEEE 2015INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC/ IEEE 15288 First edition 2015-05-15 System

5、s and software engineering System life cycle processes Ingnierie des systmes et du logiciel Processus du cycle de vie du systme BS ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may

6、 be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat, the

7、IEC Central Office and IEEE do not accept any liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Ever

8、y care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies and IEEE members. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the ISO Central Secretariat or IEEE at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015 IEEE 2015 All

9、 rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from ISO, IEC or IEEE at the respective address below. ISO copyright offi

10、ce IEC Central Office Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Case postale 56 3, rue de Varemb 3 Park Avenue, New York CH-1211 Geneva 20 CH-1211 Geneva 20 NY 10016-5997, USA Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Switzerland E-mail stds.iprieee.org Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail inmailiec.ch Web www.i

11、eee.org E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iec.ch Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved IEEE 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015(E) ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved IEEE 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Introduction

12、. vii 1 Overview . 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Purpose 1 1.3 Field of application 1 1.4 Limitations . 2 2 Conformance . 2 2.1 Intended usage 2 2.2 Full conformance . 3 2.2.1 Full conformance to outcomes 3 2.2.2 Full conformance to tasks 3 2.3 Tailored conformance . 3 3 Normative references 3 4 Terms, definiti

13、ons, and abbreviated terms . 3 4.1 Terms and definitions . 3 4.2 Abbreviated terms . 10 5 Key concepts and application of this International Standard 11 5.1 Introduction 11 5.2 System concepts . 11 5.2.1 Systems 11 5.2.2 System structure . 11 5.2.3 Enabling systems 12 5.3 Organization and project co

14、ncepts . 13 5.3.1 Organizations . 13 5.3.2 Organization and project-level adoption . 14 5.4 Life cycle concepts . 14 5.4.1 System life cycle model 14 5.4.2 System life cycle stages . 14 5.5 Process concepts 15 5.5.1 Criteria for processes . 15 5.5.2 Description of processes . 15 5.5.3 General charac

15、teristics of processes . 15 5.5.4 Tailoring . 15 5.6 Processes in this standard . 15 5.6.1 Introduction 15 5.6.2 Agreement processes . 17 5.6.3 Organizational project-enabling processes . 17 5.6.4 Technical management processes 17 5.6.5 Technical processes . 17 5.7 Process application . 18 5.8 Proce

16、ss reference model 19 6 System life cycle processes . 19 6.1 Agreement processes . 19 6.1.1 Acquisition process 19 6.1.2 Supply process 21 6.2 Organizational project-enabling processes . 23 6.2.1 Life cycle model management process 23 6.2.2 Infrastructure management process . 25 6.2.3 Portfolio mana

17、gement process 26 6.2.4 Human resource management process 27 6.2.5 Quality management process 28 6.2.6 Knowledge management process . 30 6.3 Technical management processes 31 BS ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015(E) iv ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved IEEE 2015 All rights reserved6.3.1

18、Project planning process 32 6.3.2 Project assessment and control process .34 6.3.3 Decision management process 36 6.3.4 Risk management process .38 6.3.5 Configuration management process .39 6.3.6 Information management process .42 6.3.7 Measurement process .44 6.3.8 Quality assurance process .45 6.

19、4 Technical processes .47 6.4.1 Business or mission analysis process .48 6.4.2 Stakeholder needs and requirements definition process .51 6.4.3 System requirements definition process 54 6.4.4 Architecture definition process 57 6.4.5 Design definition process .61 6.4.6 System analysis process 64 6.4.7

20、 Implementation process .65 6.4.8 Integration process68 6.4.9 Verification process 70 6.4.10 Transition process .72 6.4.11 Validation process .74 6.4.12 Operation process .77 6.4.13 Maintenance process 80 6.4.14 Disposal process .83 Annex A (normative) Tailoring Process .86 A.1 Introduction 86 A.2 T

21、ailoring process .86 A.2.1 Purpose .86 A.2.2 Outcomes .86 A.2.3 Activities and tasks .86 Annex B (informative) Example process information items 88 B.1 Introduction 88 Annex C (informative) Process reference model for assessment purposes .90 C.1 Introduction 90 C.2 Conformance with ISO/IEC 15504-2 .

22、90 C.2.1 General 90 C.2.2 Requirements for process reference models .90 C.2.3 Process descriptions 91 C.3 The process reference model .91 Annex D (informative) Process integration and process constructs 92 D.1 Introduction 92 D.2 Process constructs and their usage 92 Annex E (informative) Process vi

23、ews .94 E.1 Introduction 94 E.2 The process view concept 94 E.3 Process viewpoint .94 E.4 Process view for specialty engineering 95 E.5 Process view for interface management .97 Annex F (Informative) Architecture modeling 100 F.1 Introduction . 100 F.2 Viewpoints, views and model kinds used in archi

24、tecture 100 F.3 Logical and physical models . 100 F.3.1 Functional model 100 F.3.2 Behavioural model 100 F.3.3 Temporal model 101 F.3.4 Structural model . 101 F.3.5 Mass model . 101 F.3.6 Layout model . 101 F.3.7 Network model 101 F.3.8 Other model considerations 101 Annex G (Informative) Applicatio

25、n of system life cycle processes to a system of systems 102 BS ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015(E) ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved IEEE 2015 All rights reserved vG.1 Introduction 102 G.2 SoS characteristics and types . 102 G.3 SE processes applied to systems of systems . 103 G.3.1 Ge

26、neral . 103 G.3.2 Agreement processes . 103 G.3.3 Organizational project enabling processes 103 G.3.4 Technical management processes 104 G.3.5 Technical processes . 104 Bibliography 106 BS ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015(E) vi ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved IEEE 2015 All rights res

27、ervedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through t

28、echnical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take

29、 part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board.

30、The IEEE develops its standards through a consensus development process, approved by the American National Standards Institute, which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the final product. Volunteers are not necessarily members of the Institute and serv

31、e without compensation. While the IEEE administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus development process, the IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or verify the accuracy of any of the information contained in its standards. International Standards are draf

32、ted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of ISO/IEC JTC 1 is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standar

33、d requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require the use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence

34、or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. ISO/IEEE is not responsible for identifying essential patents or patent claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of patents or patent claims or determining whether any licensing ter

35、ms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance or a Patent Statement and Licensing Declaration Form, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any p

36、atent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from ISO or the IEEE Standards Association. ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 7, Soft

37、ware and systems engineering, in cooperation with the IEEE Computer Society Systems and Software Engineering Standards Committee, under the Partner Standards Development Organization cooperation agreement between ISO and IEEE. This first edition of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 cancels and replaces the ISO/IEC

38、 15288:2008 (second edition), which has been technically revised. Changes in this revision of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 were developed in conjunction with a corresponding revision of ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207, Systems and software engineering Software life cycle processes. The purpose of these revisions is to acc

39、omplish the harmonization of the structures and contents of the two International Standards, while supporting the requirements of the assessment community. This International Standard was developed with the following goals: provide a common terminology between the revision of the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288

40、and ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207, where applicable, provide common process names and process structure between the revision of the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207, enable the user community to evolve towards fully harmonized standards, while maximizing backward compatibility. This revision is intend

41、ed to achieve a fully harmonized view of the system and software life cycle processes. BS ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015(E) ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved IEEE 2015 All rights reserved viiIntroduction The complexity of man-made systems has increased to an unprecedented level. This

42、 has led to new opportunities, but also to increased challenges for the organizations that create and utilize systems. These challenges exist throughout the life cycle of a system and at all levels of architectural detail. This International Standard provides a common process framework for describin

43、g the life cycle of systems created by humans, adopting a Systems Engineering approach. Systems Engineering is an interdisciplinary approach and means to enable the realization of successful systems. It focuses on defining stakeholder needs and required functionality early in the development cycle,

44、documenting requirements, then proceeding with design synthesis and system validation while considering the complete problem. It integrates all the disciplines and specialty groups into a team effort forming a structured development process that proceeds from concept to production to operation. It c

45、onsiders both the business and the technical needs of all stakeholders with the goal of providing a quality product that meets the needs of users and other applicable stakeholders. This life cycle spans the conception of ideas through to the retirement of a system. It provides the processes for acqu

46、iring and supplying systems. It helps to improve communication and cooperation among the parties that create, utilize and manage modern systems in order that they can work in an integrated, coherent fashion. In addition, this framework provides for the assessment and improvement of the life cycle pr

47、ocesses. The processes in this International Standard form a comprehensive set from which an organization can construct system life cycle models appropriate to its products and services. An organization, depending on its purpose, can select and apply an appropriate subset to fulfill that purpose. Th

48、is International Standard can be used in one or more of the following modes: By an organization to help establish an environment of desired processes. These processes can be supported by an infrastructure of methods, procedures, techniques, tools and trained personnel. The organization may then empl

49、oy this environment to perform and manage its projects and progress systems through their life cycle stages. In this mode this International Standard is used to assess conformance of a declared, established environment to its provisions. By a project to help select, structure and employ the elements of an established environment to provide products and services. In this mode this International Standard is used in the assessment of conformance of the project to the declared and established environment. By a