BS ISO 834-11-2014 en_7679 Fire resistance tests Elements of building construction Specific requirements for the assessment of fire protection to structural steel elements《耐火试验 房屋.pdf

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1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO 834-11:2014 Fire resistance tests Elements of building construction Part 11: Specific requirements for the assessment of fire protection to structural steel elementsBS ISO 834-11:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation o

2、f ISO 834-11:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee FSH/22/-/2, Fire resistance tests - Interpolation and Extrapolation of Test Results for Loadbearing Elements and Protection Systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained o

3、n request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 85619 8 ICS 13.220.50 Compliance with

4、 a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2014. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO 834-11:2014 ISO 2014 Fire resistance tests Eleme

5、nts of building construction Part 11: Specific requirements for the assessment of fire protection to structural steel elements Essais de rsistance au feu lments de construction Partie 11: Exigences spcifiques dvaluation de la protection au feu appliques aux lments des structures en acier INTERNATION

6、AL STANDARD ISO 834-11 First edition 2014-03-01 Reference number ISO 834-11:2014(E)BS ISO 834-11:2014ISO 834-11:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized othe

7、rwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office

8、 Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in SwitzerlandBS ISO 834-11:2014ISO 834-11:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms

9、and definitions . 2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3 5 Assessment . 6 5.1 General . 6 5.2 Temperature data . 6 5.3 Correction for discrepancy in stickability and insulation performance over the thickness range tested . 7 5.4 Assessment procedures for thermal performance 7 5.5 Criteria for accepta

10、bility of the assessment method used and the resulting analysis 7 6 Report of the assessment. 8 7 Limits of the applicability of the results of the assessment. 9 7.1 General . 9 7.2 Permitted protection thickness for beams 10 7.3 Permitted protection thickness for columns .10 7.4 Permitted section f

11、actor for beams 10 7.5 Permitted section factor for columns .10 7.6 Specific issues for passive protection .11 Annex A (normative) The applicability of the results of the assessments for passive protection to sections other than I or H sections .12 Annex B (normative) Correction of data/nominal thic

12、kness 14 Annex C (informative) Assessment methodology: Graphical approach 19 Annex D (informative) Assessment methodology: Differential equation analysis (variable approach) .25 Annex E (informative) Assessment methodology: Differential equation analysis (constant approach) .31 Annex F (informative)

13、 Assessment methodology: Numerical regression analysis .34 Annex G (informative) Assessment methodology: 3D Interpolation method (reactive systems) .36 Annex H (normative) Selection of test specimens Reactive materials 41 Annex I (normative) Selection of test specimens Passive materials .47 Bibliogr

14、aphy .53BS ISO 834-11:2014ISO 834-11:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each memb

15、er body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Ele

16、ctrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types

17、 of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be h

18、eld responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is informat

19、ion given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the

20、following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 2, Fire containment. ISO 834 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire resistance tests Elements of building construction: Part 1: General re

21、quirements Part 2: Guidance on measuring uniformity of furnace exposure on test samples Technical Report Part 3: Commentary on test method and guide to the application of the outputs from the fire-resistance test Technical Report Part 4: Specific requirements for loadbearing vertical separating elem

22、ents Part 5: Specific requirements for loadbearing horizontal separating elements Part 6: Specific requirements for beams Part 7: Specific requirements for columns Part 8: Specific requirements for non-loadbearing vertical separating elements Part 9: Specific requirements for non-loadbearing ceiling

23、 elements Part 10: Specific requirements to determine the contribution of applied fire protection materials to structural steel elements Part 11: Specific requirements for the assessment of fire protection to structural steel elements Part 12: Specific requirements for separating elements evaluated

24、on less than full scale furnacesiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 834-11:2014ISO 834-11:2014(E) Introduction Technological advances in the fire protection of structural steelwork have resulted in a range of materials being developed that are now in widespread use throughout the building construc

25、tion industry. These are broadly categorized as intumescent coatings, sprays, renders, and boards and are often referred to as lightweight systems in comparison to the some of the more traditional materials such as brick, block, and concrete. Fire protection materials reduce the rate of temperature

26、rise of steel members when exposed to fire by a variety of methods. Apart from influencing heat transfer mechanism, such as conduction, convection, and radiation, they often involve thermo-physical transformations, exothermic chemical reactions, as well as shape changes that increase the thickness o

27、f the material and delay the rate at which the underlying steel substrate heats up. Relatively simple changes such as the release of free moisture at around 100 C, or water of crystallization and sublimation, which all occur within specific temperature ranges, often result in a plateau of rising tem

28、perature versus time of varying magnitude depending upon the type of material and even the way in which it is applied to the steel substrate. Understanding the behaviour of fire protection materials is complicated, not least when the physical/ chemical reactions and changes in thermal properties occ

29、ur at different temperatures and at different rates, depending on their chemical constitution and reaction temperature. This makes the development of suitable standards for testing and quantifying their behaviour as insulation materials difficult. In addition, with recent advances in structural fire

30、 engineering in which steel members are no longer considered to fail at a unique temperature, information on fire protection thicknesses is a requirement that can be specified over a range of limiting temperatures depending upon the type of loading system (bending, shear, tension, and compression),

31、the magnitude of the applied loads, and the degree of exposure of the surface with respect to the fire/furnace. Therefore, to rationalize the behaviour of fire protection products for protecting structural steelwork into simple design tables that manufacturers can use to specify their products invol

32、ves the permutation of a large number of parameters. In Europe, the development of testing and assessment protocols for fire protecting structural steel commenced during the 1990s under a European mandate within CEN TC127 (Fire resistance tests) and was the beginning of drafting European standards s

33、uch as DD ENV YYY5. Since then, fire protection manufacturers in collaboration with the test laboratories throughout Europe have developed a series of test packages and assessment methods over the past 15 years which have been through a rigorous appraisal process by the fire protection industry. Thi

34、s work has culminated in the drafting of EN 13381 Parts 4 and 8 which broadly cover passive and reactive products. Some of the key issues in developing these standards have been identifying the number of specimens required in a test package to characterize the performance of a fire protection produc

35、t over the range of fire resistance times, applicable section factors, type of structural element, and design temperature. In addition, because of the vagaries in fire resistance testing, it has been necessary to establish a rationale for applying correction factors to the test results for use in th

36、e assessment process partly to maximize the validity of the data and keep the costs of testing to a minimum. In Europe, four assessment methods have been developed, referred to as Graphical method, Differential equation analysis (variable l), Differential equation analysis (constant l), and Numerica

37、l regression analysis. Each method has been through a process of validation and are now included in the standards EN 13381 Parts 4 and 8. In this part of ISO 834, the four methods have been directly incorporated into the standard and technically are identical to the European counterparts. However, i

38、t is recognized that other assessment methods may be suitable and therefore this part of ISO 834 provides a set of criteria for their acceptability. One such method which has undergone an evaluation process and meets the criteria for acceptability is the 3D method developed in the UK and currently u

39、sed for reactive materials. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 834-11:2014ISO 834-11:2014(E) The 3D assessment was formerly presented as a published research paper at the SC2/WG2 meeting in Kyoto, Japan in November 2006 (N414). Since 2006, it has been published and presented in various forms in th

40、e technical journals and seminars and is now included in the Dutch Standard NEN 7878 (2011) and the Dutch Fire Safety Handbook (2011). This part of ISO 834 recognizes that some assessment method/s are more suited to particular types of fire protection materials, and for this reason, they are present

41、ed as Informative Annexes, which enables freedom of choice in their application. However, only a single method can be used for the assessment process for a particular data set and cannot be mixed. This part of ISO 834 specifies methods for assessing fire protection systems applied to structural stee

42、l members, employed in buildings as beams, columns, or tension members. This part of ISO 834 is intended for use in conjunction with the testing described in ISO 834-10.vi ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 834-11:2014INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 834-11:2014(E) Fire resistance tests Elements of build

43、ing construction Part 11: Specific requirements for the assessment of fire protection to structural steel elements 1 Scope The assessment detailed in this part of ISO 834 is designed to cover a range of thicknesses of the fire protection material, a range of steel sections characterized by their sec

44、tion factors, a range of design temperatures, and a range of valid fire resistance classification periods. This part of ISO 834 covers fire protection systems that include both passive (boards, mats, slabs, and spray materials) and reactive materials as defined in this document. The assessment proce

45、dure is used to establish a) on the basis of the temperature data derived from testing loaded and unloaded specimens, a correction factor and practical constraints on the use of the fire protection system (the physical performance) and b) on the basis of the temperature data derived from testing unl

46、oaded short steel specimens, the thermal properties of the fire protection material (the thermal performance). The limits of applicability of the results of the assessment are defined together with permitted direct application of the results to different steel section sizes and strength grades (but

47、not stainless steels) and to the fire protection system tested. The results of the tests obtained according to ISO 834-10 and the assessment in this part of ISO 834 are directly applicable to steel sections of “I” and “H” cross- sectional shape and hollow sections. Results from analysis of I or H se

48、ctions are directly applicable to angles, channels, and T-sections for the same section factor, whether used as individual elements or as part of a fabricated steel truss. The results of the assessment are applicable to fabricated sections. This part of ISO 834 does not apply to concrete-filled holl

49、ow sections, beams, or columns containing holes or openings of any type or solid bar. Any assessment method is acceptable provided it meets the acceptability criteria given in 5.5. Examples of assessment methods in common use are given in Annexes C to G. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition o