BS ISO 7919-5-2005 en_6794 Mechanical vibration - Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts - Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants《机械振动..pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 7919-5:2005 Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants ICS 17.160; 29.160.40 BS ISO 7919-5:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the St

2、andards Policy and Strategy Committee on 16 May 2005 BSI 16 May 2005 ISBN 0 580 45969 1 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 7919-5:2005 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS ISO 7919-5:1997 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparat

3、ion was entrusted by Technical Committee GME/21, Mechanical vibration and shock, to Subcommittee GME/21/5, Vibration of machines, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standa

4、rds which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication

5、does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/Euro

6、pean committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, p

7、ages ii to iv, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 7919-5:2005(E) OSI 5002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7919

8、-5 Second edition 2005-04-15 Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants Vibrations mcaniques valuation des vibrations des machines par mesurages sur les arbres tournants Partie 5: Machi

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14、O 5002 Allr ithgsr esedevrBSISO79195:2005IS-9197 O5:(5002E) IS4002 O Allr ihgtsser edevr iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Measurement procedures 2 3.1 General. 2 3.2 Measurement type. 2 3.3 Measurement planes. 3 3.4 Measuring equipment. 3 4 Evaluation criteria . 3

15、4.1 Turbine operating conditions 3 4.2 Pump operating conditions 4 4.3 Special operating conditions. 4 Annex A (normative) Evaluation criteria for relative shaft vibration of hydraulic turbine sets under specified operating conditions 5 Annex B (informative) Special features of shaft vibration of hy

16、draulic machine sets 10 Annex C (informative) Analysis procedure and applied regression technique . 12 Annex D (informative) Objectives of this edition of ISO 7919-5. 14 Bibliography . 16 BSISO79195:2005IS-9197 O5:(5002E) iv IS4002 O Allr ihgtsser edevrForeword ISO (the International Organization fo

17、r Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the

18、 right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Internati

19、onal Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication

20、as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

21、ISO 7919-5 was prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 2, Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as applied to machines, vehicles and structures, and Technical Committee IEC/TC 4, Hydraulic turbines. The draft was circ

22、ulated for voting to the national bodies of ISO and IEC separately. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7919-5:1997), of which it constitutes a technical revision. Evaluation criteria have been modified, substituting the former four evaluation zones by a more global divis

23、ion of the whole evaluation area into two major ranges, with changed definitions and divided by the former B/C borderline. Inside the two major ranges A-B and C-D, the old borderlines A/B and C/D are kept to indicate different statistically based severity grades. More information on the objectives o

24、f this revision is given in Annex D. ISO 7919 consists of the following parts, under the general title Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts: Part 1: General guidelines Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal o

25、perating speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min and 3 600 r/min Part 3: Coupled industrial machines Part 4: Gas turbine sets Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants BSISO79195:2005INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS-9197 O5:(5002E)I SO 5002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Mechanica

26、l vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on rotating shafts Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants 1 Scope This part of ISO 7919 gives guidelines for applying evaluation criteria for shaft vibration measured at, or close to, the bearings of machines

27、or machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants under normal operating conditions. These guidelines are presented in terms of both steady-state running vibration and any amplitude changes that can occur in these steady vibration values. NOTE 1 The numerical values specified are not

28、intended to serve as the only basis for vibration evaluation since, in general, the vibratory condition of a machine is assessed by consideration of both the shaft vibration and the associated structural vibration (see ISO 7919-1 and ISO 10816-1). This part of ISO 7919 is applicable to machines or m

29、achine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants where the hydraulic machines have speeds from 60 r/min to 1 800 r/min, shell- or shoe-type sleeve bearings, and main engine power of at least 1 MW. The position of the shaft line can be vertical, horizontal or at an arbitrary angle between

30、 these two directions. Machine sets covered by this part of ISO 7919 include a combination of hydraulic turbines and generators, pumps and electrical machines operating as motors, pump-turbines and motor-generators, and hydraulic turbines, pumps and motor-generators (classic pump-storage machine set

31、s), including auxiliary equipment (e.g. starting turbines or exciters lying in the shaft line). This part of ISO 7919 is also applicable to turbines or pumps connected to generators or electrical motors via gears and/or radially flexible couplings. NOTE 2 Electrical machines with speeds between 1 00

32、0 r/min and 1 800 r/min are evaluated according to the criteria specified in ISO 7919-3. This part of ISO 7919 is not applicable to pumps in thermal power plants or industrial installations (for these machines, see ISO 7919-3), hydraulic machines or machine sets having rolling element bearings, or h

33、ydraulic machines with water-lubricated bearings. BSISO79195:2005IS-9197 O5:(5002E) 2 I SO 5002 All irthgs ersedevrAs specified in ISO 7919-1, shaft vibration of machines or machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants can be determined with regard to the following tasks: task A: ch

34、anges in vibrational behaviour; task B: excessive kinetic load; task C: the monitoring of radial clearance. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,

35、the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 7919-1, Mechanical vibration of non-reciprocating machines Measurements on rotating shafts and evaluation criteria Part 1: General guidelines ISO 10817-1, Rotating shaft vibration measuring systems Part 1: Relative

36、 and absolute sensing of radial vibration IEC 60994, Guide for field measurement of vibrations and pulsations in hydraulic machines (turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines) 3 Measurement procedures 3.1 General The measurement procedures to be followed and the instrumentation to be used shall be a

37、s described in ISO 7919-1 and IEC 60994. 3.2 Measurement type Relative and absolute shaft vibration measurements are carried out on hydraulic machine sets using non- contacting transducers. Shaft-riding probes with seismic transducers cannot generally be used due to the very low frequency range of t

38、he measuring equipment required for low-speed hydraulic machinery. For relative measurements, transducers should be mounted directly on the bearing shell or the bearing pad. If the transducers are installed on the bearing support structure or bearing housing, as it is common for vertical machines, c

39、are shall be taken that the relative motion between the bearing shell or pad and the transducer itself is small compared with the shaft motion. If this is not so, the measured signal cannot be said to be representative of the relative movement between the shaft and bearing shell or bearing pad, resp

40、ectively. This requirement can be assessed by static analysis of the structure or additional measurements; the latter is usually difficult and expensive. With regard to the transducer support structures, it is advisable that the lowest natural frequency of those vibration modes that create significa

41、nt movements in the working direction of shaft displacement transducers be greater than seven times the synchronous rotational frequency, and should not be a direct multiple of the synchronous rotational frequency. The absolute vibration of the support frame should always be measured using seismic t

42、ransducers installed on the support frame as close as possible to the shaft movement transducer and in the same direction of action. The readings from the seismic transducers may be used after conversion into displacements to evaluate the absolute shaft displacement. NOTE Apart from the shaft vibrat

43、ion, the vibration of the bearing support is frequently monitored as well. The vibration measurement at the lower guide bearings of vertical machines can, however, be misinterpreted. The vibration value measured at the bearings and their supports, which are rigidly embedded in the building, is somet

44、imes produced by hydraulic forces, directly transmitted from the hydraulic machine via the foundation, and is not produced by radial shaft vibration. BSISO79195:2005IS-9197 O5:(5002E) I SO 5002 All irthgs ersedevr 33.3 Measurement planes Measurement tasks A and B (see Clause 1) require measurements

45、to be taken at all main bearings of the machine set. If possible, the setting of the transducers at the different bearings should be in line. For vertical machines, in most cases the preferred measurement directions are upstream and 90 apart in the direction of rotation. For horizontal machines, the

46、 measurement directions are often chosen to be 45 from the vertical for practical reasons. For monitoring purposes (task A) only, in some cases the measurement planes may be reduced to the most important ones, mainly at machine sets with four or more bearings. The selection should be based on vibrat

47、ion performance analyses, simulating all types of faults or disturbing events. The preferred measurement planes should be those where possible disturbing events produce significant shaft amplitudes. Measurement task C requires the installation of transducers near to, or inside, the hydraulic machine

48、 seals or labyrinths, or at positions from where it is possible to reconstruct the shaft line deflection within the hydraulic machine for all relevant vibration modes. Appropriate measurements are, in special cases, part of the commissioning of a machine set. They yield transfer functions for the di

49、fferent permanent measurement planes. NOTE When judging the vibration behaviour of the whole machine, it is important to measure also at a distance from the bearings (e.g. in the coupling area) to obtain information about the amplitude distribution along the shaft line. If a bearing plane is near to a vibration node, the vibration behaviour and the actual shaft line deflection can be underestimated. 3.4 Measuri