2018年湖南省长沙市中考真题英语及答案解析.docx

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1、第1页（共14页） 2018年湖南省长沙市中考真题英语二、语法填空（共10小题，每题1分，计10分）12.（1分）Theweatherreportsaysitsgoingtohaveashowerthisafternoon.Itdoes?Wedbetter_now，justincase.A.toleaveB.leavingC.leave解析：根据Wedbetter_now，可知hadbetter+动词原形，表示最好做某事，这是固定用法。答案：C 13.（1分）IsthemanoverthereAdam?It_behim.HehasgonetoHongKongonvacation.A.mustB

2、.cantC.mustnt解析：考查情态动词。A必须.B不可能.C不允许.结合语境那边那个人是亚当吗?_是他，他去香港度假了.可知，表示否定推测，用cant不可能。答案：B14.（1分）Dothetwinslookthesame?No.Janeis_tallerthanClaire.A.littleB.more C.alittle解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.little少量，后接不可数名词；B.more更，比较级taller前不能用more；C.alittle一点，修饰比较级，起强调作用；根据题干Janeis_tallerthanClaire.可知简比克莱尔高一点。答案：C15.（1分）Ho

3、wmanyapplescanIhave?Youcanhavetwo._areforJim.A.TheothersB.OthersC.Theother解析：考查同义词。theothers意思是其他东西，其余的人.特指某一范围内的其他的（人或物）。others相当于other+复数名词，泛指另外几个，其余的.theother（两个中）另 一个。句意我能有多少苹果?你可以有两个，其它的是给吉姆的。可知，特指其它的苹果.用theothers做主语。答案：A16.（1分）Youmustntdriveacarontheroad_yougetadriverslicense. 第2页（共14页） A.unle

4、ssB.ifC.since解析：选项A意为：除非，选项B意为：如果，选项C意为：自从.结合句意：除非你有驾驶执照，否则你不能在路上开车。答案：A17.（1分）Mom，Iboughtustwoticketstothe2018WorldCupinRussia.Really?_pleasantsurprise!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata解析：语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+ 其他!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词，形容词是pleasant，名词surprise可数名词单数，pleasant以辅音音素开

5、头的，需要加冠词a，应用what来感叹.答案：C18.（1分）BritishphysicistStephenHawking，who_asthesmartestmanalive，passedawayinEnglandonMarch14，2018.A.praisedB.waspraisedC.willbepraised解析：根据题意：英国物理学家斯蒂芬霍金，被赞扬为活着的最聪明的人，于2018年3月14日在英国去世。可知考查被动语态，时态为一般过去时，其结构为were/was+过去分词。答案：B 19.（1分）Aslongasthewholeofoursociety_trying，wewillma

6、keourskiesblueagain.A.keepsB.willkeepC.kept解析：根据题意：只要我们整个社会继续努力，我们就会让我们的天空再次变蓝.可知Aslongas引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来。答案：A20.（1分）Kids，Ihopeyoullrememberthegoodolddays_wespenttogetherinjuniorhighthoughitstimetosaygoodbye.A.whoB.whatC.which 解析：根据题意：孩子们，尽管是时候说再见了，我希望你们能记住我们在初中时一起度过的美好时光。可知考查定语从句的关系代词，先行词是olddays

7、，此处作宾语，故用that/which.答案：C 第3页（共14页） 21.（1分）Doesanybodywanttoshare_onFathersDay?Guesswhat?Illwriteapoemformydad.A.whenwillyoushopB.whatyouwilldoC.whereyouwillgo解析：根据题干，可知考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，故排除A；由Illwriteapoemformydad，可知回答的是要做的事，应该用what提问。答案：B二、完形填空（共1小题，共10分）22.（10分）WhenIwasfifteenyearsold，Ibecameveryin

8、terestedinshopping.Afterawhilebeingjustabuyer，Iwantedto1. something. IhadmanythingsthatInolongerneededathome.Iknew with the help of my father I could make money. So for months and months I 2. myself bysellingthingsonmydadsbankaccount（账户）.On July18th，2015，I made my ownaccount and beganto start my own

9、 3. .ThingsweregoinggreatandthenIrealizedthatsellingthingsaroundthehousewasnt4. forme，soI decidedto expand（拓展）my business byrunninga resale shop.I went aroundto the yardsalesandboughtthingsatlowpricesandsoldthemat5. pricestomakemoney.LastOctober.Iwenttoayardsalethatwasalittlebitdifferent.Aladyhadman

10、ynicethingstosell.Iwentuptoherandhada6. withher.Throughthecommunication，Iknewshewasjoblessatthatmomentandneededmoneytofeedherfamily.IthoughtIcoulddoitbetterandmore quickly for her.So I made a decision to help her out. She looked at me for a while and thensaid 7. . After that I took away some of her

11、things and over the next month I made￥1，500forher!WhenIgaveherthemoney，shebrokedownintotears（眼泪）8. .Ihaveneverfeltso9. tohelpsomeoneinmylife.Iknowmyskillscouldbeusedtohelp thoseinneedandthatevenonesmallactofkindnesscould10. .1.A.buyB.sellC.produce解析：考查动词辨析。A买；B卖；C生产；根据后面IhadmanythingsthatInolongerne

12、ededathome家里有很多东西不再需要，应该是想卖什么东西，故答案是B.答案：B2.A.annoyedB.enjoyedC.punished 解析：考查动词辨析。A使恼怒；B喜欢；C惩罚；根据IknewwiththehelpofmyfatherIcouldmake money. So for months and months I _myself by selling things on my dads bankaccount（账户）.我知道，在父亲的帮助下，我可以赚钱.所以好几个月，我在爸爸的银行账户上卖东西应该是玩得很开心，enjoyoneself玩得开心，故答案是B. 第4页（共14

13、页） 答案：B3.A.businessB.holidayC.education解析：考查名词辨析。A生意；B假期；C教育；根据下文soIdecidedtoexpand（拓展）mybusiness想拓展我的生意，前面应该开始了自己的生意，故答案是A.答案：A4.A.familiarB.helpful C.enough解析：考查形容词辨析。A熟悉的；B有帮助的；C足够的；根据后面soIdecidedtoexpandmybusinessbyrunningaresaleshop.所以我决定经营一家再出售店来扩大业务，可知前面Irealizedthat sellingthings aroundtheho

14、use我意识到房子周围卖东西，是不够的，故答案是C.答案：C5.A.higherB.lowerC.half解析：考查形容词辨析。A更高的；B更低的；C一半；根据Iwentaroundtotheyardsalesandboughtthingsatlowpricesandsoldthemat（5）pricestomakemoney我到院子里收东西， 低价买东西，后面挣钱，应该是高价卖出，故答案是A.答案：A6.A.competitionB.fightC.conversation解析：考查名词辨析。A竞争，比赛；B战斗；C对话；根据后面Throughthecommunication，通过沟通，可知前

15、面是对话，故答案是C.答案：C7.A.no B.yesC.sorry解析：考查动词辨析。A不是；B是的；C对不起；根据SoImadeadecisiontohelpherout.Shelookedatmeforawhileandthensaid（7）.AfterthatItookawaysomeofherthingsandoverthenextmonthImade￥1，500forher!于是我决定帮助她.她看了我一会儿.然后我拿走了她 第5页（共14页） 的一些东西，在接下来的一个月里，我为她赚了1500美元.可知是同意了，故答案是B.答案：B8.A.peacefullyB.regretful

16、lyC.thankfully解析：考查副词辨析。A平静地；B遗憾的；C感谢地；根据WhenIgaveherthemoney，shebrokedownintotears当我把钱给她时，她泪流满面，结合文章可知是感谢我，故答案是C.答案：C9.A.worried B.stressedC.pleased解析：考查形容词辨析。A担心的；B紧张的；C高兴的；根据后面helpsomeoneinmylife帮助别人，还感谢他，应该是非常高兴的，故答案是C.答案：C10.A.makeadifferenceB.makeamessC.makeamistake解析：考查短语辨析。A有影响；B弄的一团糟；C犯错误；根

17、据Iknowmyskillscouldbeusedtohelpthosein needandthateven onesmall act ofkindnesscould我知道我的技能可以用来帮助那些需要帮助的人，即使是一点小小的善行也可以有作用，故答案是A. 答案：A四、图标理解（共2小题，计10分）23.（4分）BestGuitarNightWelcome to Edinburgh Guitar Club! Here you can find information about whats happeningatEdinburghsbestguitarclub.EdinburghGuitarC

18、lubisheldeveryTuesdaynightatSummerhall，Newington，Edinburgh.Wehave thebest guitar players.Theevent is great for everyone，frombeginners to experiencedplayers.Joinusandexperienceguitarthewayitsmeanttobe!Time：8p.m.11p.m.Tickets：￥6（online）￥7（atthedoorifthereareanyleft） FreeWiFiandsnacksproviderDrinksnoti

19、ncludedintheticketprice1.TheticketpriceincludesthefollowingEXCEPT .A.drinksB.snacks 第6页（共14页） C.freeWiFi解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第四行句子Tickets：￥6（online）￥7（atthedoorifthereareanyleft）FreeWiFiandsnacksprovider.可知票价包括以下内容，但不包括饮品。答案A.答案：A2.Fromtheposter（海报）above，wecanknowthat .A.theeventendsat10p.m.B.theeventisjust

20、forthebestplayersC.theticketonlineischeaperthanthatatthedoor解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第四行句子Tickets：￥6（online）￥7（atthedoorifthereareanyleft.可知我们知道网上的票比门口的便宜。答案C.答案：C 24.（6分）Name JonathanSmithDateofbirth FeB.25，2001Placeofbirth NewYork，NY.theUSAContact（联系方式）Address：37GreenfieldRoad，Sydney，AustraliaTelephone：012318

21、6225689Email：Education GED12，includingEnglishandmathGreenfieldHighSchool，Sydney，AustraliaWorkexperience WaiteratBettysPizzaRestaurantonSaturdays9months；Volunteerasajudge（裁判）inGreenfieldNurserySchoolsportsmeeting3times Languages EnglishfirstlanguageChinesesecondlanguageSkillsandinterests Sports，singi

22、ng，drawing，traveling，gardening1.Accordingtothechart（图表），howoldisJonathanthisyear?A.17.B.27.C.37.解析：细节理解题，根据Dateofbirth：FeB.25，2001，可知他的出生时间是2001年，20182001=17，所以他现在17岁，答案A.答案：A 2.WheredidJonathanreceivehishighschooleducation?A.InLondon.B.InNewYork.C.InSydney.解析：细节理解题，根据Education：GreenfieldHighSchool，

23、Sydney，Australia，可知他在悉尼接受教育，答案C. 第7页（共14页） 答案：C3.Thecharttellsusthat .A.JonathanhasntgotanyworkexperienceB.JonathanknowstwolanguagesandloveslifeC.JonathancanbecontactedthroughWeChatmessages解析：细节理解题，根据Languages：Englishfirstlanguage，Chinesesecondlanguage，可知他会两种语言；根据Skillsandinterests：Sports，singing，dr

24、awing，traveling，gardening，可知他兴趣广泛，喜欢运动，唱歌，画画，旅游，园艺，推出他热爱生活，答案B.答案：B五、短文理解（共2小题，计30分）25.（10分）Afterwandering（闲逛）aroundinthecityforalongtime，Tomfinallyfoundhimself standinginfrontofthepalace.Helookedthroughitsgoldengate，hopingtotakealookatarealprince（王子）.Thereweresomeguards（卫兵）standingatbothsidesoftheg

25、ateTom，dressedbadly，wasmoving nervously past them when he suddenly caught sight of a welldressed boy who wasfollowedbyseveralservants.Hewasnodoubttheprince！Tomwasexcited.Hewantedtogetclosetotheprinceandhaveagoodlookathim.However，aguardsawhimandstoppedhimrudely（粗鲁地）.Theyoungprince，whosenamewasEdward，

26、wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness.HeaskedtheguardtoopenthegateandtookTomtohisroominthepalace.The two boys became good friends. They even exchanged their clothes after Tom toldEdward that he haddreamt about dressinglike a prince，As they stood side byside in front of agreatmirror，theyweresurprisedtof

27、indthattheylookedalmostliketwins!ThetwoboyswereineachothersclotheswhenEdwardsuddenlynoticedabruise（淤伤）on Toms hand. He soon realized that it was caused by the guard who had stopped Tom rudely. In amoment，theyoungprinceranoutoftheroom.Hedecidedtopunishtheguard.However，the guard didnt realize that the

28、 prince was in Toms old worn clothes. He hitEdwardheavilyontheearandthrewhimoutofthepalace.1.WhydidTomlookthroughthegateofthepalace?A.Totalkwiththeguard.B.Toaskforaplacetolivein.C.Tohavealookatarealprince.解析：细节理解题，根据He looked through its golden gate，hoping to take a look at a realprince可知汤姆透过金门看了看，是

29、希望能看到一个真正的王子.故答案为：C.答案：C2.HowdidTomfeelwhilemovingpasttheguards? A.Nervous.B.Excited.C.Proud.解析：细节理解题，根据Tom，dressed badly，was moving nervously past them when hesuddenly caught sight of a welldressed boywho was followed by several servants可知汤姆经 第8页（共14页） 过士兵时感到紧张，故答案为：A.答案：A3.WhenTomwasstopped，Edward

30、gotmadbecauseof .A.thebadmannersofTomB.thestrictrulesofthepalaceC.therudebehavioroftheguard解析：细节理解题，根据Theyoungprince，whosenamewasEdward，wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness可知爱德华是对警卫的无礼感到愤怒，故答案为：C.答案：C4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.EdwardandTomweretwinbrothers. B.Edwardwaskind，carin

31、gandfriendly.C.Edwardwastiredoflivinginthepalace.解析：细节理解题，根据Theyoungprince，whosenamewasEdward，wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness年轻的王子，名叫爱德华，对警卫的粗鲁感到愤怒.即他很善良，和Thetwoboys became good friends，The two boys were in each others clothes when Edward suddenlynoticedabruise（淤伤）onTomshand这两个男孩成了好朋友，这两个男孩互相穿上衣服

32、，爱德华突然发现汤姆的手上有瘀伤.可知爱德华是一个爱善良、关心和友善的人.故答案为：B.答案：B5.Wecaninfer（推断）fromthepassagethat .A.bloodisthickerthanwaterB.twoheadsarebetterthanone C.neverjudgepeoplebytheirlooks解析：推断理解题，根据最后一段However，the guarddidnt realize thatthe princewasinToms oldwornclothes.Hehit Edwardheavily onthe earandthrewhimoutofthep

33、alace然而，卫兵没有意识到王子穿着汤姆破旧的衣服，他重重地打了爱德华一耳光，把他从宫殿里赶了出来，可知从文章我们可以推断出一个道理：不要以貌取人，故答案为：C.答案：C26.（10分）Elephants are the largest land animals alive today.African elephants live in familygroupscalledherds（群）.Alloftheelephantsintheherdtakecareofeachother.Theleaderoftheherdisanoldmotherelephant.Sheisthematriarc

34、h（族长）.Aherdmayhaveasfewaseightoras many as 100elephants. The other elephants follow the matriarch because she knows how tokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger.Elephants learn by watching and copying other elephants，and also learn from life. Baby elephants stay with their mothers until they are fully grown a

35、t about ten years old. Elephants liveto be 50or 60years old. Elephants are smart animals with long memories. In the dry season，amatriarch can remember where water was found in the past. The herd will follow her there. Shecanalsorememberthesafestplaceforbabyelephantstocrossafastmovingriver.Elephants

36、talk to each other with rumbling sounds. Some rumbling sounds are so low and 第9页（共14页） deepthatpeopleareunabletohearthem.Elephantshearsoundsnotonlywiththeirears，butalsowith their feet，andeventrunks（longnoses oftheelephants）.Theyalso greet eachotherbytouchingwiththeirtrunksandfeet.Ifdangerappears，mot

37、hersbeattheirearstocalltheirbabiestothem.Otheranimalsdontusuallyattack（攻击）elephants.However，alionmighttrytoattackasickelephantorababy.Ifthishappens，theadultelephantscirclearoundthebabyelephants.Theadults make louder sounds and hit the ground with their trunks. The matriarch puts herselfbetween the l

38、ion and the herd. She beats her ears out to make herself look even larger. Then shelowersherherdandattackstheenemy（敌人）inabigcloudofdust（灰尘）.1.AccordingtoParagraph（段落）One，anelephantherd .A.hasafatherelephantastheleaderB.ownsamatriarchwhokeepsitawayfromdangerC.alwayshasseveralleadersandhundredsofeleph

39、ants 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段句子Sheisthematriarch（族长）.Aherdmayhaveasfewaseight or as many as 100elephants. The other elephants follow the matriarch because she knowshowtokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger.她是族长.一群大象可能只有8头或多达100头.其他的大象跟着母象，因为母象知道如何保护它们不受危险.可知象群有一个族长，能使象群远离危险。答案B.答案：B2.Longmemorieshelpelephantsto .A.ch

40、oosetheirmatriarchB.communicatewitheachotherC.findwaterandcrosstheriver解析：细节理解题。根据第二段句子Elephantsaresmartanimalswithlongmemories.Inthedryseason，a matriarch can remember where water was found in the past.The herd will follow her there. She can also remember the safest place for baby elephants to cross

41、 a fastmoving river.大象是聪明的动物，记忆力很好。在旱季，一个族长会记得过去在哪里发现了水.象群会跟着她。她还记得最安全的地方，让小象穿过湍急的河流.可知长时间的记忆帮助大象找到水并过河。答案：C3.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordrumblingmean?A.低沉的B.尖细的C.高亢的解析：词义猜测题。根据后句Somerumblingsoundsaresolowanddeepthatpeopleareunabletohearthem.声音很低，人无法听到它们。可知结合选项，应说大象用低沉的声音互相交谈，所以rumbling意为低沉的。答案A. 答案：A4

42、.Whydotheadultelephantscirclearoundtheirbabies?A.Tokeeptheirbabiessafe.B.Towelcometheirfriends. 第10页（共14页） C.Toattacktheirenemies.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段句子However，alionmighttrytoattackasickelephantorababy. If this happens，the adult elephants circle around the baby elephants. The adults makeloudersoundsandhi

43、tthegroundwiththeirtrunks.然而，狮子可能会尝试攻击一只生病的大象或婴儿。如果发生这种情况，成年大象围绕着小象旋转。大象发出更大的声音，用它们的鼻子撞击地面。可知为了保护他们的孩子安全。答案：A5.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout .A.whytheelephantsliveinherdsB.whattheelephantslivinghabitsareC.howtheelephantsavoidbeingattacked解析：主旨归纳题。根据这篇文章内容及其第一段句子Elephantsarethelargestlandanimals alive

44、today.Africanelephantsliveinfamilygroupscalledherds（群）。大象是现存最大的陆地动物.非洲象生活在被称为群的家庭中。和第二段句子Elephantslearnbywatchingandcopyingotherelephants，andalsolearnfromlife.大象通过观察和模仿其他大象来学习，也从生活中学习。可知文章主要告诉我们大象的生活习性是什么。答案B.答案：B六、语篇补全（共1小题，计10分）27.（8分）Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturally，whileabadme

45、moryas something that cannot be changed. In fact，there is a lot that you can do to improve yourmemory.Herearesometips（贴士）foryou.1. AWe all remember the things we are interested in，and always forget the ones that bore us.This explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results easily but str

46、uggle（挣扎） with dates from their history lessons! Develop an active interest in what you want to remember.Onewaytomakeyourselfmoreinterestedistoaskquestionsthemore，thebetter!Repeatthingsinchunks（块）.Repeatingthingsinchunksisthebestwaytorememberthingsforashorttime，forexample，remembering a phone number

47、for a few seconds. 2. E The following numbers would beimpossible for most of us to remember：1492178919318483. But look at them in groups orchunksrepeatedly，anditbecomesmucheasier：1492178919318483.Inventastory.To remember long lists，try inventing a story which includes all the things you want toremem

48、ber.Inexperiments，peoplewereaskedtorememberupto120wordsusingthisway.Whentheyweretestedlater，theycouldrememberabout90%ofthem.3. CTakephysicalexercise.Physicalexerciseisimportantforyourmemory，becauseitincreasesyourheartrate（心率） andsendsmoreoxygen（氧气）toyourbrain，andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter.4. BAsw

49、eknow，toomuchpressureisverybadforthememory.A.Takeaninterest.B.Exercisealsolowersstress.C.Thetestresultwasreallyamazing! 第11页（共14页） D.Anotherwaytoimprovememoryistogetenoughrest.E.Groupingnumbersmayhelpyoutorememberthem.解析：1.细节推理题。根据后句Weallrememberthethingsweareinterestedin，andalwaysforgettheonesthatboreus.我们都记得我们感兴趣的东西，总是忘记那些让我们厌烦的东西。可知结合选项，应说找兴趣。2.细节推理题。根据前句Repeating things in chunks is the best way to remember things for ashorttime，forexample，rememberingaphonenumberforafewseconds.在短时间内重复记忆是最好的方法，比如记住几秒钟的电话号码.可知结合选项，应说分组数字可以帮助你记住它们。3.细节推理题。根据前句Inexp