2017年山东省淄博市高三第二次模拟考试试题英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2017年山东省淄博市高三第二次模拟考试试题英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AMany schools across the US hold graduation ceremonies this time of year. In some schools,even 5 and 6-year-olds observe their graduation from kindergarten. And so can older people, much older. Meet 7

2、0-year-old Jerry Reid, who just graduated from the University of Virginia inCharlottesville. He earned a bachelors degree.Mr. Reid might not look like the average college student; his hair is definitely grayer. Butstill Jerry Reids age is easy to forget, other UVA students know him as one of their o

3、wn.Mr. Reid sat into the “Hoo Crew,” a group that cheers loudly for the school at sports events.He also joined a mens group on campus. He sang drinking songs along with many other students.Mr. Reids school friends say they can talk to him just about anything.About a half century ago, in his 20s, Mr.

4、 Reid was not in school. Instead, he was racing carsand chasing girls. But he says his friend Bill invited him to UVA parties. “Bill told me what a terrible life I had unless I came up here and went to school with him,”said Reid.That was in 1963. Jerry Reid says it took him 48 years to take that adv

5、ice. In 2011, he enteredcollege. UVA Professor Luke Wright says Mr. Reid influences students. He opened the minds ofthe young adults. The teacher says Mr. Reid showed them that life does not end at 40. Instead, the70-year-old college graduate believes that getting older can be the beginning of a dre

6、am.“Remember that path that you left waits for you. Its there. Its yours. All you must do is toget out of your own way and get back to it. And, thats exactly what I did,” said Reid.Mr. Reid says that he and his wife Susan now would take some time off to enjoy his college degree. Then, hell return to

7、 UVA to begin studying for his graduate degree.1. Which of the following is true of Mr. Reid?A. He was laughed at by other students. B. He was interested in study in his youth.C. He enlarged the views of young people.D. He got his graduate degree at the age of 70.解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“UVA Professor Luke

8、Wright says Mr. Reid influencesstudents. He opened the minds of the young adults. The teacher says Mr. Reid showed them thatlife does not end at 40. Instead, the 70-year-old college graduate believes that getting older can bethe beginning of a dream.”可知，Reid先生70岁大学毕业，打开了年轻学生的视野。40岁并不是人生事业的结束，故选C项。答案

9、：C 2. From the third paragraph, we can infer that Mr. Reid was _.A. considerateB. independentC. intelligentD. energetic解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的讲述可知，70岁的Reid参加了体育比赛的啦啦队，加入了男子团体队，和年轻学生一起唱饮酒歌，无话不谈。故可以推测他是精力充沛的，故选D项。答案：D 3. What does Paragraph 6 mainly discuss?A. How Mr. Reid realizes his dream.B. What teachers

10、think of Mr. Reid.C. When Mr. Reid entered college.D. Why the students likes Mr. Reid.解析：推理判断题。根据该段中的句子UVA Professor Luke Wright says Mr. Reid influencesstudents. He opened the minds of the young adults.可知，Reid先生影响了学生，他打开了年轻一代的视野。这是Luke Wright教授对他的一种评价，故选B项。答案：B 4. What lesson can we learn from the

11、story of Jerry Reid?A. It is never too late to learn.B. Two heads are better than one.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.解析：推理判断题。本文主要讲述了一位70高龄的老者依然矢志不渝地上大学并成功毕业。这正映照一句话“活到老，学到老”，故选A项。答案：A BRaymond Wang, 17, of Canada was awarded first place for a device that i

12、mproves air qualityon airplanes while cutting down the spreading of diseases at this years Intel International Scienceand Engineering Fair (ISEF).According to Intel, Wangs system improves the quality of fresh air in a plane cabin by more than190 per cent, while cutting diseases by up to 55 times, co

13、mpared to conventional designs. Intelnoted that Wangs invention could be easily and economically fixed into existing airplanes.Two other teen researchers earned awards of $50,000 each at the event. One developed atechnique to more quickly diagnose diseases caused by HIV. Its the virus responsible fo

14、r AIDS. The other invented a device to more quickly shut down undersea oil spills.“Intel believes young people are the key to future innovation and that in order to confront theglobal challenges of tomorrow, we need students from all backgrounds to get involved in science,technology and engineering,

15、” says Wendy Hawkins, executive director of the Intel Foundation.“We hope these winners will inspire other young people to pursue their interest in these fields,”she says, “and apply their curiosity and creativity to the common good.”This years Intel International Science and Engineering Fair featur

16、ed approximately 1,700 youngscientists selected from more than 75 countries and regions. In addition to the top winners, 600finalists received awards and prizes for their innovative research. The Intel International Science and Engineering Fair honours the worlds most promisingstudent scientists, in

17、ventors and engineers. Their projects are then evaluated online by nearly1,000 judges from almost every scientific field. The 2015 Intel ISEF is funded jointly by Intel and the Intel Foundation with additionalawards and support from dozens of other academic, governmental and scientific organizations

18、.This year, US$4 million was awarded.5. Compared to traditional designs, Raymond Wangs system _.A. prevents oceans from oil pollution quicklyB. improves air quality on airplanes effectivelyC. treats diseases happening on airplanes quicklyD. costs more but can be easily fixed into airplanes解析：考察文意细节理

19、解。根据第一段第一句话“that improves air quality on airplanes.”可 知这个系统可以有效地提高飞机里的空气质量。故选B。答案：B6. For what purpose is Intel ISEF carried out?A. To inspire teenagers to challenge the authorities.B. To persuade more teens to do good to the society.C. To get more teens involved in computer exploring.D. To encourag

20、e young people to get interested in science.解析：考察文意细节理解。根据第四段中的“We hope these winners will inspire other young people to pursue their interest in these fields”这里的fields中由前文可知这些领域就包括science，故选D。答案：D7. What do we know about 2015 Intel ISEF?A. More than 30% of finalists receive awards and prizes.B. Sci

21、entists all over the world compete for grand prizes.C. Nearly 1000 judges are present at the site of competition.D. US$4 million awards and prizes are offered by Intel alone. 解析：考察文章细节推断。根据文章的倒数第二段可知最后有600名进入决赛的选手在创新研究中可以获奖，而本来一共有1700名选手，这个获奖比例为35.3%.A项正确；B项中这里竞争的不是全部的科学家而是只有young scientists,故错误；C项由

22、文中可知虽然有将近 1000名裁判，但是他们并没有告知一定会出现在比赛场所；D项中的400万并不是intel独自赞助而是由很多政府和学术机构共同赞助。答案：A CWhere should an adventurous tourist go? After youve done sightseeing in London, shoppingin New York, enjoyed the local food in Paris, and danced to your hearts content at the Braziliancarnival, where else can you go? Wh

23、at attractive tourist destination awaits you?Well, Antarctica sounds like the holiday of a lifetime! Its considered the last great wilderness on Earth. Just a few scientists in research stations share the icy landscape with penguins and otheranimals which can struggle with the low temperatures.Touri

24、sm began in Antarctica in the 1950s and its still small part. About 37,000 tourists areexpected there this season, but many wont even leave the boat.The BBCs Juliet Rix visited the frozen continent and asked herself if she should be there atall, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environ

25、ment. Her tour guide admitted that allvisitors leave a footprint and they all go to the same places, the accessible coastline, which is alsowhere the penguins and seals go to raise.But some people believe that if carefully controlled, tourism can be good for Antarctica. It has no native population a

26、nd it needs advocates. Visitors to the icy continent might be ready to supportand even to fund its preservation. And theyre likely to engage in the discussion about globalwarming, which has led to the melting of glaciers.According to Rix, guidelines are followed when youre about to set foot in Antar

27、ctica and touristshave to disinfect（消毒）their boots to make sure no alien species are introduced.And once on land, theres no eating or smoking. Rocks, bone fragmentsnothing should betaken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind.Tourists fortunate enough to visit the Antarctic must be aware th

28、at this is not their home and keeptheir fingers crossed that future generations will also be able to enjoy such breathtaking views. 8. Who lives in Antarctica?A. 37,000 tourists.B. The BBCs Juliet Rix. C. A few scientists and animals.D. People in London and Paris.解析：考察文章细节理解。由第二段可知这个地方只有a few scient

29、ists, penguins and otheranimals。所以住在这个地方的只有一些科学家和一些动物。故选C。答案：C9. Why can tourism be good for Antarctica?A. People can bring some animals into it.B. People may take interest in the protection of it. C. People can give advice to the native population.D. People will go to the coastline to play with the

30、 seals.解析：由“Visitors to the icy continent might be ready to support and even to fund its preservation”可知旅游业之所以对这个地方有好处，是因为这会引起人们对于这个地方保护的兴趣。故选B。答案：B10. What are the guidelines when you go on the shore?A. You can leave rubbish on the shore. B. You can smoke and eat on the shore.C. You can take someth

31、ing as souvenirs.D. You can help to protect the environment.解析：考察文章细节理解。由倒数第二段可知一旦踏上那片土地，人们不能抽烟，吃东西也不能带走任何东西当作纪念品，所以ABC均错误，故选D。答案：D11. What is the authors attitude towards the tourists going to Antarctica?A. Positive. B. Ambiguous.C. Subjective.D. Negative. 解析：考察文章主旨大意。由最后一段可知作者说人们如果要是有幸踏上那片土地的话应该去尊

32、重它和保护它并让我们的子孙后代也能看到这样的景色。我们可以推断作者的态度是乐观的，positive积极的ambiguous有野心的subjective客观的negative消极的。故选A。答案：A DUntil recently, scientists had mapped only about 20 percent of the sea floor. But ourknowledge of the deep seas is changing because of information from satellites. Scientists haveproduced a new map th

33、at provides a detailed picture of the oceans. The map is expected to help oceanographers (海洋学家), industry and governments.The new map is twice as detailed as the map made 20 years ago. David Sandwell is a geophysicsprofessor at the University of California. He and other scientists worked on the mapp

34、ing project.He says they turned to space to look deeper into the ocean.The scientists collected and studied information from two satellites. Some of the data camefrom the European Space Agencys Cryo-2 satellite. It was placed in Earths orbit to watch sea ice.The other satellite is the American space

35、 agencys Jason-1. It is studying the surface of the oceans.Scientists combined the satellite data with images gathered by sonar (声波定位仪) equipment onships. Sonar works by sending sound waves through the water. When the sound waves hit an object, its presence is confirmed.The new map shows the sea flo

36、or as it has never been seen before. It shows thousands ofunderwater mountainsand places where continents pulled apart. It shows where earthquakes were active many years ago.They all are burieddeep underneath the ocean floor.David Sandwell says the map is a powerful tool for fisheries, those interes

37、ted in protectingthe environment and for oil exploration.“The petrol exploration industry is interested in how to reconnect the continents, bring them back together tectonically so you can map the basins on one continental edgesay, Africaand usethat to establish where the similar basin would be on t

38、he other continental edge in SouthAmerica.” If scientists know that information, they may be able to find oil fields. The new data also willhelp scientists improve their estimates of ocean depths. This information can help ships travelsafely and improve military operations and scientific projects wo

39、rldwide.Mr. Sandwell thinks scientists will make many more discoveries as they examine the newmap and the information it provides.12. Which one is not mentioned about the benefits brought by the new map?A. Fisheries.B. Scientific projects.C. Ship manufacture. D. Oil exploration.解析：考察文章细节理解。由倒数第四段可知这

40、个地图是个强大的工具特别是在渔业，环境保护和石油探测等方面，倒数第二段提到了科学项目，唯独没有提到船只制造业，故选C。答案：C13. What can we know about the new map?A. It shows where earthquakes will happen.B. It will be helpful to industry and governments.C. It is three times as detailed as the old one years ago. D. It shows the sea floor as it has ever been s

41、een before.解析：考察文章细节理解。由文章的第一段的最后一句话提到了这个地图可以帮助海洋学家，工业和政府。故选B。答案：B14. The text is likely to appear in _.A. a newspaperB. an advertisementC. a science magazine D. a finance report 解析：考察文章主旨大意。这是一篇介绍关于新的海洋地图的科普类文章所以它更有可能出现在科学著作或者杂志里，newspaper报纸advertisement广告science magazine科学杂志finance report经济报告，故选C。

42、答案：C15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. The detailed picture of the oceansB. Underwater mountains and placesC. More discoveries about the oceans D. Scientists create new maps of ocean floor解析：考察文章的细节推断。这篇文章的着重点在于介绍这样的一份洋流地图，它对于各个科研商业的意义，而并不是介绍其他什么东西，所以D项更合理。故选D。答案：D第二节（共

43、5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Protect Yourself from Hackers OnlineAn increase in cyber-attacks (网络攻击) makes the Internet seem like a scary place these days. How can individuals protect or make it more difficult for hackers to access their information?Here are severa

44、l tips that can help you protect against cyber-attacks:_16_Hard passwords include upper and lower case letters, numbers and special characters. Theyshould be at least eight characters in length. They should also not spell out words easy for hackersto find, like your pets name or the name of a family

45、 member.Change your password regularlyA very common mistake made by users is to create one hard password, but then never changeit. Remembering a long list of complicated passwords can be difficult. But no password is unbreakable. Hackers are better able to hack multiple accounts if those accounts al

46、l have the samepassword. A password management service, like Dashlane or PasswordBox, can help you keeptrack of hard passwords. _17_ Clear your browser (浏览器) historyThis goes for all the devices you use in a day your home computer, your work computer, oryour friends iPad. Internet browsers like Fire

47、fox or Chrome keep track of where youve been andwhat youve done online. They keep records of every site you visited. _18_ It is very easy foranyone who sees that information to steal a detailed record of your online activities.Do not use free Wi-Fi_19_ Often, a user does not need a password to conne

48、ct to these wireless networks.These services might be useful, but theyre also an easy way for hackers to access everything onyour device. Use anti-virus protectionThere are many anti-virus services available for users. _20_ Some anti-virus services areeven free. They are a great way to have a profes

49、sional help keeping users one step ahead ofhackers.A. Be careful while using thumb drive.B. These services permit users to easily store and secure their passwords.C. Make your password harder to hack.D. They can offer many different types of computer protection.E. An increasing number of public places now offer free wireless access to the Internet. F. Information about what you sent from or saved on your computer can be kept for days orweeks.G. Unless you really need it, it is best not to use it.解析：这篇文章主要是介绍How to Protect Yourself from Hackers Onlin