2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Its so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats moreB. Thats to say C. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。21. Some animals carry seeds from one place to ano

2、ther, _ plants can spread to new places.A. soB. orC. forD. but解析：该题考查连词的用法。So于是（强调上下文因果关系）；or或者；for由于，因为（起 补充说明作用）；but但是（表示转折）；句意：一些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方，于是植物就传播到了新的地方生长了。上下文之间是因果关系。故A正确。答案：A22. -Hi, lets go skating.- Sorry, Im busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job.A. fillB. have fil

3、ledC. am filling D. will fill解析：该题考查句子时态。句意：喂，我们五滑冰吧！对不起，我现在很忙，我正在填写一份新的工作申请表。根据句意可知本句是在叙述说话时正在进行，正在发生的事情，所 以使用现在进行时。故C正确。答案：C23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour.A. byB. inC. forD. until解析：该题考查将来时和介词的使用。该题的关键是the train to the airport leaves火车将要离开； 在这句话里使用了一般

4、现在时代替将来时，表示按照车站的时间表列车进出。实际上本句是一个将来时，四个选项里只有“in+一段时间”可以和将来时连用。句意：Jane很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出发了。故B正确。答案：B24. _ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.A. ObserveB. To observeC. Observed D. Observing解析：该题考查祈使句的用法。句意：当你在实验室做实验的时候，要仔细观察是否发生变化。本句实际上是一个祈使句，表示老师对于学生做实验的要求。在动词原形observe的

5、前面省略了句子的主语you。在when的后面省略了you are。因为有when这个连词，使用when前面必须是一个句子，BCD三项都不能引起句子。故A正确。答案：A25. Last night, there were millions of people _ the opening ceremony live on TV.A. watch B. to watchC. watchedD. watching 解析：该题考查非谓语动词中的现在分词短语作定语的用法。因为动词watch与前面的名词millions of people构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词作定语。本句中的watching

6、 theopening ceremony live on TV相当于定语从句who were watching the opening ceremony live onTV.同时本句只是一个简单句，已经有了一个主谓结构了。句意：昨天晚上有成千上万人在电视里观看了开幕式。故D正确。答案：D26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _ my classmatesrecommended to me. A. whoB. whichC. whenD. where解析：该题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是the boo

7、k Sherlock Holmes，在定语从句中which指代先行词作为定语从句中的动词recommend的宾语。CD两项是关系副词，不能在句中做宾语，只能做状语。A项who的先行词通常都是指人的名词。句意：上个星期我从图书馆里借了福尔摩斯诡异，这是我的同学推荐给我的。故B正确。答案：B 27. _ I have a word with you? It wont take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should解析：该题考查情态动词基本意义辨析。Can能够，可能；must必须，一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的

8、。根据句意可知本题使用canI?表示询问对方是否允许。如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确。答案：A 28. There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. A. solvingB. solvedC. being solvedD. to be solved解析：该题考查非谓语动词的基本用法。现在分词doing表示主动或者正在进行的动作；过去分词done表示被动或者已经完成的动作，不定式to do表示主动或者将要发生的动作。句意：在我

9、们准备在月球上长期生活之前，还有很多问题有待于解决。根据句意可知很多问题还没有被解决，都是未来将要发生的事情，所以使用不定式。而这些问题又是要被解决的，所以使用不定式的被动语态。故D正确。 答案：D29. _ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.A.AsB. WhenC. Even thoughD. In case解析：该题考查状语从句连词。As由于，因为；随着；when当时；even though即使，尽管；in case以防；句意：即使那个森林公园很遥远，但是每年都有很多游客到那里参观。根据句

10、 意可知上下文之间有转折关系，所以使用even though表示让步转折关系。故C正确。答案：C30. The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.A. whereB. whenC. howD. why解析：该题考查名词性从句中的表语从句。句意：对这位球星来说最好的时刻就是他射门得 分的时候。Where表示地点，how表示方式，why结果；只有when表示的是时间。故B正确。答案：B 31. - What time is it?- I have no idea. But just a minute

11、, I _ it for you.A. checkB. checkedC. will checkD. would check解析：该题考查的是will的一个特殊用法。句意：现在几点了？我不知道。可是请你稍等，我现在就帮你看一下。根据句意可知不可能是过去发生的事情，排除B、D项。我为你去看时间属于将要发生的事情，所以使用will表示临时决定要做某事。故C正确。 答案：C32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived.A. startedB. was startingC. would startD. had st

12、arted解析：该题考查句子时态。句意：我发现这个报告很难懂，因为当我到的时候，它已经开始了。根据句意可知这个报告是在我到达之前就开始看，而句中我到达使用了arrived，而报告 是在这之前发生的，所以使用过去完成时。故D正确。答案：D33. Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in thefuture.A. whateverB. wheneverC. whereverD. however 解析：该题考查的是“特殊疑问词+ever”引导的主语从句。句意：一些人认为之前发

13、生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中作主语。B、C、D三项都属于 副词的性质，都不能作主语，通常只能作状语。故A正确。答案：A34. We _ back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be解析：该题考查的是if条件状语从句的虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反时，条件句中使用“一 般过去时/were”，主句使用“情态

14、动词+动词原形”。句意：如果你没有把地图丢了，我们现在就会在宾馆里了。根据从句的did可知本句是与现在事实相反，故D正确。答案：D35. The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _.A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. having recognizedD. having been recognized 解析：该题考查非谓语动词的用法。在非谓语动词中，介词的后面常常接动名词做宾语，所以本句中的介词without后面接动名词。句意：这位电影明星带着太阳镜，因此他可

15、以去买东西而不被认出。根据句意可知使用的是动名词的被动语态形式。故B正确。答案：B第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The Fitting-in of Suzy KhanThe first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boy in my class often 36 about her and laughed their heads off.

16、She would open abook, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who 37 that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to bewith American kids. I looked down at this 38 g

17、irl and promised myself that somehow Iwould help her.But how could I help her 39 in with us? There had to be a 40 .One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had 41 her geographybook to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) 42 copy.I was surprised and thought tha

18、t she could do something in the coming 43 show.So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had 44 . “Why,its wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted 45 the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just dont have enough 46 . Could yo

19、u help me,Suzy?On the day of the talent show, Suzys 47 were everywhere - all over the hall and all overthe school, each one different.“And finally,” said Mr Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n)48 award. Im sure youve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “On

20、e of ourown students 49 them.”I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw 50 well?”Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ 51 this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a 52 , too. Our mystery(神秘) artist is our new student - SuzyKhan!”Mr. Brown thanked her for all

21、 the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artists set.“Thank you,” she cried.I 53 , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, shed probably never54 anything in her whole life.Everyone started to 55 their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and theapplause was deafening. I knew

22、 then Suzy was going to be all right. ”36. A. jokedB. caredC. trains D. worried解析：考查动词词义辨析及语境串联。A开玩笑，作弄；B关心；C培训；D担心；因为她的个子很小班级里的男生经常作弄她来娱乐他们自己。可知她并没有很好的融入美国社会。故A正确。答案：A37.A. reportedB. decidedC. complained D. questioned解析：考查动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A报道；B决定；C抱怨；D询问；我只知道她是一个来自非洲的孤儿，被一个城里的家庭收养，这家人决定了解美国生活方式最好的方法就是

23、和美国孩子在一起，所以就送她来学校里了。根据句意可知ACD三项与上下文语境不相符。答案：B38.A. richB. proudC. tiny D. popular解析：考查形容词辨析和上下文串联。A富有的；B自豪的；C个子小的；D受欢迎的；根据文章第2句She was really small for her age of 12可知她的个子比较矮小。我看着这个矮小的女生，决定要帮助她。答案：C39.A. comeB fallC. fit D. tie解析：考查固定搭配。Fit in融入，融合；我想帮助她，但是我怎么才能够帮助他融入到我们之中呢？ 答案：C40.A. mannerB. patte

24、rnC. choiceD. way解析：考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A方式；B式样；C选择；D方法；虽然我暂时还没有想起来，但是一定是有方法能够让她融入到班级里的。故D正确。答案：D 41.A. readB. takenC. openedD. put解析：考查动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A阅读；B带走；C打开；D放置；有一天我进入教室的时候，她已经打开了地理书到一张火车的图片，在她的笔记本上，她画了一个完美的复制品。故C正确。答案：C 42.A. freeB. perfectC. finalD. extra解析：考查形容词辨析及上下文串联。A自由的；B完美的；C最终的；D额外的；根据下文可知她美

25、术非常好，所以她可以画出几乎一样的完美的图片来。故B正确。答案：B43. A. areB. talkC. quiz D. talent解析：考查名词词义辨析及考查上下文串联。B交谈；C小测试；D才干，才能；根据45空后the talent show的我认为他可以为即将到来的才能秀做些事情。故D正确。答案：D44.A. coloredB. writtenC. carvedD. drawn 解析：考查动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A涂颜色；B写；C雕刻；D画；根据42空可知她画了一个很漂亮的火车，和书里的几乎一样。我把她所画的东西给了美术老师看。故D正确。答案：D45.A. atB. afterC.

26、forD. around解析：考查介词辨析。A在地方；B在之后；C为；D在附近；美术老师给我们看了 一张她为才能秀所画的海报。然后请Suzy帮她多画一些。故C正确。答案：C46.A. roomB. timeC. paperD. interest解析：考查名词词义辨析。A房间；B时间；C纸张；D兴趣；美术老师告诉Suzy，她需要这些海报，可是她没有足够的时间，所以请Suzy帮忙多画一些。故B正确。 答案：B47.A. gifts B. booksC. photosD. posters解析：考查名词辨析及上下文串联。A礼物；B书本；C照片；D海报；在才能秀之前的一天，Suzy所画的海报到处都是，而

27、且每一张都各不相同。充分说明她在美术方面很有才干。故D正确。答案：D48.A. special B. academicC. nationalD. royal解析：考查形容词词义辨析及上下文串联。A特别的；B学术的；C国家的；D皇室的；在才能秀的最后，校长说：我们有一个很特别的奖，大家一定注意到这些很棒的海报了。这是给Suzy的特别奖。故A正确。答案：A49.A. painted B. foundC. printedD. collected解析：考查动词词义辨析及上下文理解。A画；B发现；C印刷；D收集；校长告诉大家：这是我们自己的一位同学画的。海报是Suzy画的，所以A正确。答案：A50.A.

28、 veryB. that C. quiteD. too解析：考查副词辨析。A非常；B那么（so）；C相当地；D太；本句中的that等于so。孩 子们都想知道是谁画的那么好。故B正确。答案：51.A. IfB. ThoughC. UnlessD. Since解析：考查连词辨析。A如果；B尽管；C除非，如果不；D既然；因为；句意：因为这我同学在海报上是如此努力，她应该得到这个奖。根据句意可知上下文是因果关系，故D正确。 答案：D52.A. prizeB. rankC. restD. place解析：连词名词辨析及上下文串联。A奖；B排名；军衔；C休息；D地方；根据48空后award可知这是校长给S

29、uzy的奖。故A正确。答案：A 53.A. repliedB. realizedC. rememberedD. regretted解析：考查动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A回复；B意识到；C记得；D遗憾，后悔；在那时我看着她兴奋的笑脸，我意识到也许在她的生命中她从来都没有拥有这样的奖吧！答案：B54. A. offeredB. valuedC. owned D. controlled 解析：考查动词词义辨析。A提供；B珍惜，重视；C拥有；D控制；我意识到也许在她的生命里，她从来都没有拥有这样的奖吧！答案：C55.A. clapB. waveC. raiseD. shake 解析：考查动词词义辨析及

30、语境串联。A拍手；B挥动；C提高，抚养；D摇晃；每个人都开始拍手，Suzy对着大家害羞地笑着。我知道她的一切都会好起来的。答案：A第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，20分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文：从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASea Life MelbourneAquarium (水族馆)The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbournes CBD, is one of Victorias leading visitor attractions

31、and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot misswhen you visit the city.* Opening TimesSea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year,including public holida

32、ys. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.* Location (位置)Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street,Melbourne. It is situated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex. * Getting to Sea Life MelbourneAquariumTrainThe Sea Lif

33、e Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公 交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.Shuttle BusThe Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions inand around the City. Runn

34、ing daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.Car ParkingWhile there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are severalpublic car parking lots available only a short walk away* WheelchairAccessSea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access

35、to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.* TermsTickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and printyour ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at thefront entrance of Sea Life MelbourneAq

36、uarium. No ticket, no entry!56. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _.A. is located at the center of the CBD in the cityB. has 12 most attractive places in MelbourneC. admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm D. is beside Crown Entertainment Complex解析：细节题。根据文章第一句The all-new Sea Life MelbourneAquarium, sit

37、uated in the heart ofMelbournes CBD, is one of Victorias leading visitor attractions可知这个水族馆位于CBD的中心地带。故A正确。答案：A57. Getting to Sea Life MelbourneAquarium, visitors can take _.A. trains from Southern Cross train stationB. shuttle buses around the train stationC. boats across the Yarra River D. either

38、tram route 70 or 75解析：推理题。根据Train部分The Sea Life MelbourneAquarium train stop is located on the freeCity Circle Tram route(公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75.可知这个水族馆位于70和75路的线 路上，也就是说乘坐这两路车考英语到这里。故D正确。答案：D58. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors _.A. free car parkingB. wheelchair accessC. Interne

39、t connectionD. transportation service解析：细节题。根据Wheelchair Access部分Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people inwheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.可知这 个水族馆有残疾人轮椅进入的通道。故B正确。答案：B59. Tickets to Sea Life MelbourneAquarium _.A. are free to all v

40、isitorsB. can be purchased by emailC. are checked at the entranceD. can be printed at the ticket office解析：细节题。根据文章最后2行Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the frontentrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!可知在入口处是要检票的，没有票 是不允许进入的。故C正确。答案：C BThe Brown BearMy wife L

41、aura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shorebirds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, movingaimlessly.Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!” Anaggressive bear will usua

42、lly rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back - the sign (迹象) of an animal that is goingin for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally, probably because ofhunger I held my camera tripod

43、(三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me.Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bitdown and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I w

44、as all that stood between the bear and my family, whowould stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; thebeast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, a

45、nd I sensedthat my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling (扭打) withthe bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, th

46、e fight ended. The bear moved backtoward the forest, before returning for another attack- The first time I felt panic.Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence asit went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. Im

47、proud thatmy family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.60. The brown bear approached the family in order to _.A. catch shore birdsB. start an attack C. protect the childrenD. set up a barrier for itself解析：推理题。根据文章2，3段This one was silent and its ears pinned ba

48、ck- the sign(迹象) of ananimal that is going in for the kill.和I held my camera tripod(三脚架) in both hands to form abarrier as the bear rushed into me.可知这只熊靠近我们就是为了向我们发动袭击。故B正确。答案：B61. The bear finally went away after it _.A. felt safeB. got injured C. found some foodD. took away the camera解析：推理题。根据文章最后

49、一段第一行Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went.可知它突然离开是因为它知道我们对它没有威胁，它很安全。所有A正确。答案：A62. The writer and his family survived mainly due to their _.A. prideB. patienceC. calmnessD. cautiousness解析：推理题。根据文章最后一句Im proud that my family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.我很自豪当熊袭击我们的恐慌本可以导致不同的结果的时候，我的家人都保持清醒的头脑。本句说明我的家人在遇见危险的时候都很镇定。故C正确。答案：C CCh