专业英语四级分类模拟318及答案解析.doc
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1、专业英语四级分类模拟318及答案解析 (总分:100.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、PART DICTATION(总题数:1,分数:40.00)1.Listening to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readin
2、gs, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more. Sight Problems(分数:40.00)_二、
3、PART CLOZE(总题数:1,分数:20.00)A. additional B. affect C. aptly D. assimilate E. circulation F. closely G. consistent H. enthusiasm I. identify J. impact K. penalty L. reward M. simplifying N. suspending O. vulnerable Some performance evaluations require supervisors to take action. Employees who receive
4、a very favorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their 1 and reduce their effort or search for a new job at a firm that will 2 them for high performance. Supervisors should
5、acknowledge high performance so that the employee will continue to perform well in the future. Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention. Supervisors must 3 the reasons for poor performance. Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse 4 on pe
6、rformance and can be corrected. Other reasons, such as a bad attitude, may not be temporary. When supervisors give employees an unfavorable evaluation, they must decide whether to take any 5 actions. If the employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluation can pinpoint (指出
7、) the deficiencies that employees must correct. In this case, the supervisor may simply need to monitor the employees 6 and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected. If the employees were already aware of their deficiencies before the evaluation period, however, they may be unable or unwilling to
8、correct them. This situation is more serious, and the supervisor may need to take action. The action should be 7 with the firms guidelines and may include reassigning the employees to new jobs, 8 them temporarily, or firing them. A supervisors action toward a poorly performing worker can 9 the attit
9、udes of other employees. If no 10 is imposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing their productivity as well.(分数:20.00)三、PART READING COMPR(总题数:1,分数:15.00)SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are four passages followed by ten multiple choice
10、 questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. (PASSAGE ONE) To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorfs assertion that
11、 social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change. Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. U
12、ntil humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accid
13、ent at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology ; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our
14、 technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a clo
15、ser examination. Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who assert that the switch to an information-based ec
16、onomy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave ris
17、e to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the few. In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communicati
18、on. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. It is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and
19、 making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society. (PASSAGE TWO) One of the components of The Southside Poverty Alleviation Project which was implemented in 2012 was the improvement on the East and West Collet Canal
20、Streets. Everyone can remember the un-pleasant state of these streets and the canal which ran in the center. At the completion of the project there was no denying the practical and aesthetical improvement in these areas. It was like day and night; the difference was obvious. The section most transfo
21、rmed was the area that spans the length of the West Collet Canal from Cemetery Road to Dean Street. This section was used by taxi drivers in front of the Novelos bus terminal and by produce vendors in front of the Michael Finnegan Market. The project allowed for taxi and private motor vehicle parkin
22、g and in an innovative move the construction of business booths over the canal which has been lined with concrete. This truly is an inspiring venture as it promotes and encourages entrepreneurship. This is something that we dont have enough of. While this is surely encouraged, it has been observed t
23、hat one such business has placed barricades(路障) on the street in front of its entrance. This defeats the entire purpose of the rehabilitation of the Canal Streets which was to provide much needed parking space. Placing these barriers on the street itself deprives motorists of parking and in effect c
24、reates traffic problems in the area. If history is our guide it is then accurate to assume that the next step which will be taken by this business is a waterproof canvas expansion. you guessed it, onto the street. This would mean that we would be back to square one . We will have the same problem we
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