专业英语四级（阅读）-试卷170及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语四级（阅读）-试卷170及答案解析 (总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：11，分数：30.00)1.PART V READING COMPREHENSION_2.SECTION AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one th

2、at you think is the best answer._Marking the fifth World Intellectual Property Day on April 26, the Director General of the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO), Dr. Kamil Idris, urged better understanding of the link between human creativity and intellectual property in daily life. The Di

3、rector General released the following statement on the occasion of World Intellectual Property Day. World Intellectual Property Day is an occasion to reflect on how human creativity and innovation help provide a better world for everyone. Our message this year, Think, Imagine, Create, is directed pa

4、rticularly towards young people. Mankinds capacity to create and to innovate is limitless. It is a fundamental, human resource with endless potential. Nowhere is this more apparent than in young people. No matter what country or community they are born into, the young share certain striking characte

5、ristics: Their curiosity about whatever is new, different, or novel. Their unfettered imagination. Their readiness to play and experimentwith everyday objects, with ideas, with technology. Their talent for finding unconventional solutions. Our goal for World Intellectual Property Day and beyond shou

6、ld be to encourage young people everywhere to recognize the creator, the problem-solver, the artist within themselves. For innovation and creativity are the natural resources on which future prosperity depends. From the classrooms of today will come the entrepreneurs, the scientists, the designers,

7、the artists of tomorrow. WIPO is committed to promoting a culture in which young people can realize this potential. Through well-balanced IP systems and structures, WIPO seeks to help creators across the globe to generate economic value from their creations, and so to contribute to the social, cultu

8、ral and economic advancement of their own societies and of the wider world. Think, imagine, create. These are words to inspire young people to follow their dreams to the fullest. In 2000, WIPO member states decided to designate a World Intellectual Property Day to raise awareness of the role of inte

9、llectual property in our daily life, and to celebrate the contribution made by innovators and artists to the development of societies across the globe. They chose April 26 as this was the date on which the Convention establishing WIPO originally entered into force in 1970. WIPO and its member states

10、 have celebrated World Intellectual Property Day on April 26 each year since its inception in 2001. The purpose of this years World Intellectual Property Day is to encourage young people to recognize their own ability to create; to increase understanding of how protecting IP rights helps to foster c

11、reativity and innovation; and to raise awareness of the importance in daily life of patents, copyright, trademarks and designs. WIPO has also organized an exhibition on intellectual property and sports. The exhibition entitled Striving for Excellence: an exhibition on intellectual property and sport

12、 will open at WIPOs Information Center in Geneva on World Intellectual Property Day. The exhibition offers a glimpse of the technological advances that have enhanced sport both on and off the track: by enhancing the performance and natural ability of athletes and in creating opportunities for us all

13、 to share in the spectacle, capture the images and savor the glory and wonder that comes when ordinary people achieve extraordinary feats. The exhibition is open to the public and will run through August 2005.（分数：6.00）(1).What is the style of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Illuminative, local and humorous.B

14、.Idyllic, beautiful and fluent.C.Strong, pervasive and convincing.D.Simple, plain and illustrative.(2).Which of the following statements is NOT among the purposes of this years World Intellectual Property Day?（分数：2.00）A.To spread the knowledge of the IP rights.B.To increase the understanding of how

15、protecting IP rights helps to foster creativity and innovation.C.To encourage young people to recognize their own ability to create.D.To raise awareness of the importance of patents, copyright, trademarks and designs.(3).All of the following statements are correct EXCEPT that_.（分数：2.00）A.the stateme

16、nt is given by the Director General of the WIPOB.World Intellectual Property Day is held on April 26 every year since 1970C.WIPO is committed to promoting a culture in which young people can realize their intellectual potentialD.the message this year, Think, Imagine, Create, is directed particularly

17、 towards young peopleThree years ago Elon College, a school of more than 4, 000 students with a rising academic reputation, decided it was no longer good marketing to be known as Fighting Christians and changed its mascot to the Phoenix, emblematic of its rebirth after a major fire in the 1920s. Som

18、e alumni resisted, but the change produced nothing like the soul-searching the school went through when, five months later, it joined a major movement in U. S. higher e-ducation by dropping the word college and renaming itself Elon University.1 In the past 10 years, according to Higher Education Pub

19、lications Inc. in Arlington, 161 other US colleges have done the same thing, for reasons that often have as much to do with image as academics. To make the situation more confusing, many of the new universities still advertise their collegelike atmosphere, while some institutions that call themselve

20、s colleges still tell potential applicants that they are just like universities. Guess which image is more appealing to 21st-century teenagers and their tuition-paying parents? George Dehne & Associates, a consulting firm, found that two-thirds of prospective students said they planned to enroll in

21、a public or private university, not college. Dehne found that universities were more highly regarded than colleges by employers and graduate schools and more likely to be credited with having better students, a better social life, greater diversity of students, greater prestige and stronger science

22、programs. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching in Menlo Park, Calif. , classifies institutions based on the number and range of their academic program. But the use of college, university or anything else in the name has nothing to do with it, said Alexander C. McCormick, senior sc

23、holar at the foundation. A few states regulate name changes of even private schools. In Oregon, a school that calls itself a university without authorization can be charged with unlawful trade practices. But in most cases, colleges can rename themselves if they choose, and very few of the bigger one

24、s have resisted the temptation. Among the 228 universities ranked by U. S. News & World Report in its Americas Best Colleges guide, only three of themBoston College(12, 375 students), the College of William and Mary(7, 500 students)and Dartmouth College(5, 000 students)insist on keeping the more int

25、imate title. The colleges that have made the switch call the renaming a reasoned response to the demands of students, faculty and modern preferences. Longwood College in Farmville, Va. , for instance, became a university in July because of the growth of its graduate programs and its effort to attain

26、 Division I athletic status among other factors. Leo Lambert, the President of Elon University, said his schools name change has worked out fine. Hes not sure theres any connection, but applications have increased 30 percent since the switch, and campus visits are up 67 percent. Lambert says hes als

27、o seen signs of the power of the word university. For instance, when he and his daughter Callie were visiting colleges last summer, they attended an information session at William and Mary. Although William and Mary officials said much about the virtues of intimacy, Lambert recalled, they also took

28、pains to make the point that they were really a universitylaw school, graduate programs, etc.that chose to call itself a college.（分数：6.00）(1).What is the controversy revealed in the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Some colleges change into university, and the opposite is also true.B.Some universities advertise t

29、heir collegelike atmosphere, while some colleges tell potential applicants that they are just like universities.C.Some colleges change into university, and some universities into institute.D.Some private colleges change into universities and schools at the same time.(2).Which of the following is INC

30、ORRECT according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Renaming is a major movement in U. S. higher education.B.The reasons of renaming are closely related to the image as academics.C.Only Dartmouth College has resisted the temptation of renaming.D.It is found that two-thirds of the prospective students planned

31、 to enroll in a public or private university.(3).What can we infer from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The main purpose for the schools name change is to attract more applications.B.The schools name change has no much effect on the number of applications.C.The schools name change has damaged their academic

32、image.D.The schools name change has improved their academic image and been more attractive to students.Sunspots act like planet-sized hurricanes that suck in as much material as they spew out, temporarily overriding the laws of magnetic fields, scientists said on Tuesday. A team of researchers from

33、NASA and Stanford University said by peering into the Sun for the first time, they discovered how the magnetic fields, which make up the cool dark sunspots on the surface, clump together instead of dispersing. Scientists had previously observed gases pouring out of the sunspots, and thought this was

34、 the product of the various magnetic fields repelling each other, in the same way magnets repel each other when brought together. But the researchers said the out-flowing matter is just a surface feature that occurs while the sunspot sucks in new material to hold itself together. If you look a bit d

35、eeper, you find material rushing inward, like a planet-sized whirlpool or hurricane. This inflow pulls the magnetic fields(back)together, said Junwei Zhao, one of the Stanford researchers. The pressure in this sunspot hurricane is about 10 times higher than a tropical hurricane on Earth, scientists

36、said. Without this flow, a sunspot would not last a day. With it, it lasts for weeks. In the end, the sunspot does get torn apartbut we still dont know how yet, Stanford colleague Philip Scherrer, said at a news conference. To get this deeper knowledge the team used sound wave technology, which they

37、 likened to the ultrasound doctors use to capture images of unborn babies. The research showed the magnetic field below a sunspot would cut off the spots supply of energy from the Suns hot core, turning it into a plug. Any matter above the plug would then cool and become denser, until gravity dragge

38、d it and any surrounding gases into the center of the spot at 3, 000 miles per hour. As long as the magnetic field remains strong, the coding effect will maintain an inflow that makes the structure stable. thereby setting up a self-perpetuating cycle, the team said in its report. British scientist D

39、ouglas Gough from Cambridge University, described the groups findings as the solution to a 400-year-old riddle. Understanding the sunspot component would help scientists gain a global knowledge of the Sun, he said. Take a TV set. It is not simply the sum of its components. And trying to understand t

40、he whole requires a greater global knowledge, but you cant build a TV set unless you know how the components work. Its the same with the Sun and its components, Gough said. The findings are the latest in a long line of sunspot research, which stems back to the early 17th century, when Italian astron

41、omer Galileo Galilei used sunspots to calculate the speed of the Suns rotation. His hand-drawn renditions of sunspot locations contrasted sharply with the computer-generated multicolored models of sunspots on display at NASAs Washington headquarters. Imagine yourself flying over a lake, you can see

42、the surface but you dont know how deep it is, how the temperature varies with depth. It was the same with sunspots until now, NASAs George Withbroe said.（分数：4.00）(1).The sunspot hurricane is about_times higher than a tropical hurricane on Earth.（分数：2.00）A.10B.10 billionC.10 thousandD.100(2).Which of

43、 the following is INCORRECT according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Sunspots act like planet-sized hurricanes.B.Sunspots only suck in materials.C.Sunspots both suck in materials and spew out.D.Sunspots hurricane lasts for weeks.A new generation of mind-enhancing drugs that act as cosmetics for the brain

44、 could become as common as a cup of coffee, according to an official investigation by leading scientists. Powerful stimulants that improve memory, intellectual agility or other aspects of mental performance will almost certainly be developed over the next 20 years. They will have few side-effects, l

45、ittle or no addictive properties and could be used for non-medical purposes such as boosting exam performance, making better business decisions or even eliminating bad memories, the scientists said. The first of these cognition enhancers is already being developed from research into existing drugs d

46、esigned to treat medical problems. In a world that is increasingly non-stop and competitive, the individuals use of such substances may move from the fringe to the norm, with cognition enhancers used as coffee is today, says the Foresight report of the governments Office of Science and Technology. C

47、ognition enhancers are likely to be deve-loped to treat people who need to improve attention, memory or wakefulness and to help people to forget, sleep more efficiently and be less impulsive, the report says. Drugs that help people to forget disturbing experiences raise the prospect of a future port

48、rayed in films such as Total Recall or Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, where characters are able to forget painful relationships, the scientists said. But the possibility raises disturbing practical, ethical and social issues. It is possible that such an advance could usher in a new era of drug use without addiction , says the report. Professor Trevor Robbins of Cambridge University, one of the lead authors of the Foresight report, said yesterday that two drugs available on presc