专业八级分类模拟417及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级分类模拟417及答案解析 (总分：95.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Character Analysis. Different Types of 1 Protagonists and 2 Major and minor characters Foils a) The 3 of major characters b) The lite version of major characters Round and flat characters a)

2、 Round character: more than one facet to the personality b) Flat character: only one facet to the personality . Literary Patterns That Protagonists Follow Anti-hero: graceless, inept, 4 Tragic hero: flaws within himself lead to his 5 Romantic hero: capture the hearts of girls 6 hero: rise to challen

3、ge in very unusual circumstances Hemingway hero: have a rough life . Writing a Character Analysis Describe the character and 7 your choice Write your thesis in 8 Identify 9 of characters Decide whether it is a protagonist, major or round character 10 a) Physical things b) Peculiar 11 c) Characters r

4、elation with the other players d) Strengths and weaknesses Analyze actions a) Analyze characters actions b) Analyze the action of the 12 Relate to the conflict a) External or internal conflict b) Conflict against people or something abstract c) Characters attempt to 13 14 the ideas a) Restate and pa

5、raphrase the main points in the end b) Avoid 15 in the last paragraph （分数：30.00）三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.Boosting your brainpower.B.Fighting against Alzheimer.C.Fighting against breast cancer.D.Helping with severe cognitive repairment.A.She is working in college.B.Her study s

6、hows workout is good for our brains.C.She is about 45 years old.D.Her research subjects are female.A.Executive function.B.Memorizing function.C.Problem solving function.D.Name recognition function.A.Supportive.B.Oppositive.C.Neutral.D.Indifferent.A.People in their childhood.B.People in their 20s.C.P

7、eople in their 30s.D.People in their 40s and 50s.（分数：20.00）A.English Literature.B.Computer.C.Business Administration.D.Finance.A.He changed his major in his postgraduate study.B.He participated in training programs after graduating from college.C.He had worked at least in two companies before this i

8、nterview.D.He started working in a foreign representative office two years ago.A.Because the working environment was poor.B.Because the job was boring.C.Because the pay was rather low.D.Because he disliked his employer.A.To pursue personal interests.B.To make both ends meet.C.To improve the quality

9、of family life.D.To realize individual value.A.Enthusiastic.B.Perseverant.C.Eloquent.D.Cooperative.四、PART LANGUAGE USAG(总题数：1，分数：25.00)The United States is considered a multilingual country but it has never employed an official language policy. Even though English is clearly the dominant language, a

10、 variety of indigenous and immigrant languages are also spoken. The framers of the Constitution purposefully decided not to select an official language because of present linguistic diversity; however, due to the German 1 communitys active involvement in the Revolution, the Continental Congress publ

11、ished many documents in German to facilitate communication. Ultimately, the official language was never 2 specified in the U. S. Constitution. Proponents of bilingual education felt that poor academic achievement in certain students was attributed in part to insufficient 3 English instruction. They

12、believed that because language-minority 4 students were taught some subjects in their native tongue, then these students could potentially learn English by sacrificing the 5 content. Critics of bilingual education argue that this approach of instruction facilitates native language dependency and ult

13、imately deters their progress in English language acquisition. Bilingual advocates counter this argument in stating that bilingual instruction looks at deeper issues of cultural difference and prevents the sort of alienation often empowering in English only mandates. 6 The issue of bilingual educati

14、on is both complicated and controversial. The range of programs, as well as the different meanings in different states, complicate the debate. The debate 7 continues and all sides offer research and studies that are 8 diametrically opposed to one another. In 1998, California voters overwhelmingly ap

15、proved Proposition 227, an initiative that basically in attempts to eliminate bilingual education from its public 9 schools. The state of Arizona has mustered a different sentiment and 10 Mayor Giuliani of New York City has established a task force to investigate bilingual programs and the possibili

16、ty of English immersion programs.（分数：25.00）专业八级分类模拟417答案解析 (总分：95.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Character Analysis. Different Types of 1 Protagonists and 2 Major and minor characters Foils a) The 3 of major characters b) The lite version of maj

17、or characters Round and flat characters a) Round character: more than one facet to the personality b) Flat character: only one facet to the personality . Literary Patterns That Protagonists Follow Anti-hero: graceless, inept, 4 Tragic hero: flaws within himself lead to his 5 Romantic hero: capture t

18、he hearts of girls 6 hero: rise to challenge in very unusual circumstances Hemingway hero: have a rough life . Writing a Character Analysis Describe the character and 7 your choice Write your thesis in 8 Identify 9 of characters Decide whether it is a protagonist, major or round character 10 a) Phys

19、ical things b) Peculiar 11 c) Characters relation with the other players d) Strengths and weaknesses Analyze actions a) Analyze characters actions b) Analyze the action of the 12 Relate to the conflict a) External or internal conflict b) Conflict against people or something abstract c) Characters at

20、tempt to 13 14 the ideas a) Restate and paraphrase the main points in the end b) Avoid 15 in the last paragraph （分数：30.00）解析：Literary Characters 听力原文 Character AnalysisGood morning, everyone. Today, we will continue our lecture series about literary studies, particularly about writing a character an

21、alysis. In college literature classes, students are required to write numerous essays because instructors expect their students to demonstrate not only an understanding of the core concepts being taught but also of the assigned readings. One type of essay that you will be required to write is a char

22、acter analysis, which is an essay that examines one or more major or minor characters in a story or play. Today, I am going to tell you some basic things you need to know about writing a character analysis. First of all, to write a good character analysis, we should know about the different types of

23、 literary characters. Characters can be protagonists or heroes. Thats the main character around whom most of the work revolves. Characters can also be antagonists, the person who the protagonist is against. This is often the villain, but could be a force of nature, set of circumstances, an animal, e

24、tc. And then we have major characters and minor characters. Major characters are the main characters. They dominate the story. Often there are only one or two major characters. Minor characters are those who help tell the major characters tale by letting major characters interact and reveal their pe

25、rsonalities, situations, stories. We also have foils. These are the people whose job is to contrast with the major character. This can happen in two ways. One: The foil can be the opposite of the major character, so the majors virtues and strengths are that much brighter in reflection. Two: The foil

26、 can be someone like the major character, with lite versions of the majors virtues and strengths so that the major comes off as even stronger. Above all, we have round characters and flat characters. Round character means the character has more than one facet to their personality. They are not just

27、a hardcore gamer, but they also play basketball on the weekends. On the other hand, flat character is the one who is only viewed through one side. This is the hardcore gamer and thats all there is to the character. As we now understand the different types of characters in the story, we should also u

28、nderstand that protagonists can follow literary patterns or types. The first one is the anti-hero, for example, Holden Canfield. This is the guy your mother would not want you or your sister to date. They are often graceless, inept, and actually dishonest. The second is the tragic hero like Oedipus

29、and Macbeth. This is the guy whose bad end is a result of flaws within himself. Thirdly, we have the romantic hero, such as Don Juan, and James Bond. This is the guy the girls all swoon over. He gets the girls, even when he doesnt want to keep them. And we also have the modern hero like Chuck Bartow

30、ski. This is the average guy who is put in extraordinary circumstances and rises to the challenge. Finally, we have the Hemingway hero. This is the guy who has been in a war, drinks too much, gets his girlfriend pregnant, and she dies. Or guys like him. Thirdly and also the last part of my talk is a

31、bout how we can analyze a literary character for a college essay. When it comes to knowing just how to write a college character analysis essay, you cannot go wrong by using this tried and true structure. First, begin by describing the character you have chosen for your study and why you chose to an

32、alyze him or her. Your opening paragraph should end with your essays thesis. The thesis is the main idea you want to convey in your paper. In one or two sentences, explain the point that your essay will make about the character. Then, identify types of characters. It is important that your essay def

33、ines what type of character you are writing about. Is your character the protagonist, the hero, or the antagonist, the villain? Did you choose a major or a minor character? Is your character a round one or a flat one? Next, defining traits. Discuss the traits that define and motivate your character.

34、 These traits can range from physical things, such as your character walks with a limp, to psychological quirks, like an intense hatred of the upper class. Think about how the character relates to the other players in the story. Is he/she kind or cruel, moral or immoral when dealing with others? Is

35、the character like or unlike the other characters in the text? Remember to include discussions of both the strengths and weaknesses of your character. Few characters are all good or all bad. Fourthly, analyzing actions. Analyze how the defining traits of your character influence his or her actions a

36、nd in turn influence the action of the plot. Does the character act without thinking or does he/she give careful consideration before talking action? How do the actions of the character influence the other players in the story? Do your characters choices drive the action of the plot? If the characte

37、rs choices do not influence the action of the plot, why is he/she important to the story? What would be lost if that character was not a part of the book? Fifthly, relationship to the conflict. What is the conflict that drives your character? This has the potential to be many things. Is the conflict

38、 external or internal? Is the conflict against other people or against something abstract, such as fate or evil? Discuss how your character attempts to solve this conflict and what that says about him or her. Last but not least, summarize your ideas. Your ending paragraph is your chance to restate t

39、he main points of your paper. Most teachers do not want to see new ideas at the end of your paper. You want to paraphrase the main ideas you have made previously and restate your thesis. OK. I have outlined the basic types of characters and literary patterns of protagonists for you. I also introduce

40、d to you a six-step method of writing a character analysis essay. Next time, we shall talk about theme and motif in stories and how to write an essay on motif. 解析 讲座首先提到，为了写好人物分析，我们应该了解文学中不同类型的人物。根据提纲，填入Literary Characters。解析：antagonists解析 讲座讨论的是人物角色。一般来说，人物角色可以分为正面人物和反面人物(力量)。这里填antagonists。此题也可根据常

41、识作答。解析：opposite解析 在谈及“陪衬人物”时，讲座提到两种，其中第一种是作为主要人物的反面而出现，其作用是让主要人物的美德和力量在其反衬之下更为“高大”。因此，这里填opposite。解析：dishonest解析 讲座谈到文学作品中的主人公的第一种，即非英雄式的主人公，表现为粗俗，愚昧，不诚实的。根据提纲，填入dishonest。解析：bad end解析 谈到悲剧英雄的特征时，讲座提到，悲剧英雄不好的结局通常是都是由于自身的缺憾所造成的。题目先给出原因自身的缺憾，让考生填结果不好的结局，即bad end。解析：Modern解析 本题考查的是其中一种人物类型英雄类型的特征。讲座提到，

42、现代英雄是被置于异常的场景并接受挑战的普通人。填Modern。解析：justify/explain解析 讲座第三方面谈论的是如何写人物分析。其中，首先要描述你所选的人物，然后解析为什么你会选择分析这个人物。考生要懂得找一个动词来替代讲座中的why。故填justify或explain均可。解析：the opening paragraph解析 录音提到，文章的开头段应以文章的论点结尾。因此本题填the opening paragraph。解析：types解析 本题询问写人物分析的第二步是什么。讲座中提到我们应该指出人物所属的类型。因此，这里填types。解析：Define traits解析 录音讲

43、到如何进行人物分析的第三点，即定义人物的性格特征。填入Define traits。解析：psychology解析 在谈到性格特征方面，讲座提到，有身体的动作，有心理上的怪癖(quirks)等。但是题目把peculiar(怪异的)放在空格前面，其后需要一个名词。故填psychology。解析：plot解析 写人物分析的第四步是分析行为。讲座提到，性格特征对人物的行动和小说情节的驱动都有影响。空格缺的是plot。解析：solve the conflict解析 在谈到矛盾冲突时，讲座谈及了一系列问题，其中包括需要讨论人物是如何尝试解决冲突的。空格处缺少的是solve the conflict。解析：

44、Summarize解析 讲座谈到如何进行人物分析的最后一点，即总结观点。文章的结尾部分应该要重新阐述自己的主要观点。因此根据提纲空格，本题填入Summarize。解析：new ideas解析 本题询问在人物分析文章的最后一段应避免什么。讲座提到，许多老师都不希望在最后一段看到新的观点，即new ideas。三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.Boosting your brainpower.B.Fighting against Alzheimer.C.Fighting against breast cancer.D.Helping

45、with severe cognitive repairment.解析：听力原文 M: This morning on Todays Health, we are going to pump you up. You know, working out is obviously good for your body, but this weeks Newsweek Magazine reports there is new evidence it can boost your brainpower and fight disease as well. Miriam Nelson is an as

46、sociate professor at the Friedman School of Nutrition at Tufts University. Miriam, nice to see you, how are you doing? W: Very well. Thanks for having me. M: So, we are talking about rigorous, aerobic exercise, clearly good for your body. Explain to me in laymans terms if you can now, about this new

47、 research that says it can also help your brain grow new nerve cells. W: Thats right, What weve known for years is that individuals who are physically active have reduced risk of getting Alzheimers disease. Weve also known that people with mild cognitive impairment also have improved function with e

48、xercise. Theres some very new research just coming out, which is very exciting. And what is seen is its taken 11 individuals, and put them on a about 3 or 4 months course of aerobic exercise4 days a week, an hour. And what theyve seen through MRI Scan is people are actually growing new nerve cells. M: And more new n