专业八级-296 (1)及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-296 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/B In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling

2、task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. B How to Use the Library/B The books in a library can be classified under two m

3、ain U(1) /Ufiction and nonfiction. When doing research, you use nonfiction books, because you need U(2) /U information. All the fictional books are arranged U(3) /U by the last name of the author. The best way to locate a book in the library is to use the U(4) /U. It can help you U(5) /U a particula

4、r book. Each book has three cards, an author card, a title card and a U(6) /U card. Now, let us see the reference books. Reference books make up an important part of a librarys nonfiction books U(7) /U. Reference books are not meant ti be read U(8) /U. Major types of reference books include dictiona

5、ries, U(9) /U, atlases and almanacs, U(10) /U are alphabetical lists of names, titles and subjects that tell where information about each can be found in other publications.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What do they t

6、alk about in the interview?（分数：1.00）A.A good memory is very important in studying English.B.The complex movement of human brains.C.Human memory and how to use it.D.The importance of having a good memory.(2).According to Mr. White, the things to do to prepare one memory do not include _.（分数：1.00）A.as

7、sociatingB.describingC.understandingD.visualizing(3).Margaret finds that it is difficult for her to remember either the beginning or the end of the list. She solves this problem by _.（分数：1.00）A.placing the easier facts to remember near the beginning of the listB.placing the easier facts to remember

8、near the end of the listC.placing the easier facts to remember on the top of the listD.placing the easier facts to remember near the middle of her list(4).To overlearn means to learn things so well that one can _.（分数：1.00）A.write them down correctlyB.recall them very easily and quicklyC.recite them

9、completelyD.fully understand the meaning of them(5).In the interview, Mr. White has told Margaret _ ways to remember things.（分数：1.00）A.sixB.fiveC.fourD.three三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：4，分数：5.00)1.I Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer

10、 the question. Now listen to the news./IWhich of the following is NOT included among Zimbabwe governments explanation of the mass demolitions?（分数：1.00）A.They are meant to clean up towns and cities.B.They are meant to tackle black market trading.C.They are meant to punish urban voters.D.They are mean

11、t to enforce building regulations.2.I Question 7 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./IHow many people died in the plane crash?（分数：1.00）A.182B.189C.196D.2033.The tornadoes had made _ customers out of

12、 electric power.（分数：1.00）A.18,000B.180,000C.188,000D.1800I Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Who will represent the US government and visit Singapore to lobby on b

13、ehalf of New Yorks bid?（分数：1.00）A.President Bush.B.Secretary of State Ms. Rice.C.Former US Olympic medalists.D.New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg.(2).According to the report, the centerpiece of New Yorks original presentation, a new stadium, will be replaced by _.（分数：1.00）A.an existing baseball stadiu

14、mB.a new baseball stadiumC.an existing football stadiumD.a new football stadium四、BPART READING (总题数：2，分数：8.00)BTEXT A/BA century ago, a cut or even a decayed tooth were causes for alarm, as they could lead to pneumonia, against which doctors could only offer home-made cures, crude surgery or, finall

15、y, their prayers. Today, these perils have been stopped by the medical weapons of 20th centuryand as a result, man has the potential for living longer than at any time in history. In the past 100 years, the life expectancy in a developed country has almost doubled. Researchers believe the millennium

16、 will usher in Century of Biotechnology, as computing power and knowledge of the genetic code come together.Here are come of the biggest developments in medicine that can be expected over the next quarter-century.1. Diagnosing ailments will be simpler, faster, more accurate and cheaper, using noninv

17、asive scanners, teleconferencing and the Internet. Farther down the trackperhaps 1015 yearsare biochips, which will monitor your DNA and analyze it for genetic anomalies that could bring you fatal diseases or have and adverse reaction to certain drugs. You could then make lifestyle changes enabling

18、you to avoid exposure to conditions or substances known to trigger the disease.2. Advances in molecular biology mean that scientists now know more than ever about the genetic causes of disease and how to garget them. Over the next decade or so, enzyme inhibitors and gene therapy will make great inro

19、ads against different kinds of cancer, heart disease and even brain diseases such as Alzheimers. The surgeon of the future may look back on the present ear with the same sense of distaste as his present counterpart views the blood-soaked sawbones of the 19th century. In the coming decades, surgery w

20、ill be carried out only as a last resort and as minimally as possible. Robots will help perform long or tricky operations such as organ transplants. Nano-probes may be used to clear the arteries free of dangerous plaque build-ups. Another possibility: microchip implants and transplants into the cent

21、ral nervous system to help treat disease like brain tumors, epilepsy, movement disorders and stroke.3. Outbreaks of disease that previously were localized have the ability to spread quickly, thanks to modern jet travel; a person incubating a new strain of flu in one continent can take it to another

22、in a matter of hours. In addition, feeding and housing a population of six billion has brought Man into closer and closer proximity to animals and rain forests, exposing humans to viruses that “leap“ the species barrier, such as mad-cow disease and hemorrhagic fever.On the hand, microbiology and epi

23、demiology are so advanced that scientists can now quickly spot a new disease (AIDS was detected only three years after it was fist identified) and find out how it is transmitted. This can help in the development of preventative measures, although finding a cure or a vaccine are different matters, as

24、 the elusive search for a “silver bullet“ against AIDS has shown. In wealthy western countries, the risk to life may be lifestyle. Obesity and depression, caused by excessive eating, loneliness and alienation, may become the twin biggest causes of death. (518 words)（分数：4.00）(1).What can we learn fro

25、m the third paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Non-invasive scanners, teleconferencing and Internet will become the only tools in diagnostics.B.People can recover from their diseases by changing their lifestyle.C.Fatal diseases brought by genetic anomalies can be avoided by using biochips.D.Individual adverse rea

26、ctions to certain drugs are predetermined by genes.(2).According to the passage, in the gist century, robots may be able to _.（分数：1.00）A.make more accurate diagnosesB.perform intricate operationsC.monitor peoples DNAD.treat diseases like brain tumors, epilepsy, movement disorders and stroke(3).The a

27、uthor believes that outbreaks of diseases that used to be confined within a certain region will spread quickly because _.（分数：1.00）A.modern forms of transportation bring people from different places into contact very quicklyB.the diseases are not spotted quickly enoughC.finding a vaccine against this

28、 disease would be difficultD.people are not immune to diseases from another geographical area(4).Why does the author mention the discovery of AIDS in the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.To give an example of an incurable disease.B.To illustrate the importance of preventative methods.C.To exemplify a disea

29、se prevalent in the wealthy nations.D.To use it s comparison to quickly spotted diseases.BTEXT B/BMental health professional may be surprised to discover how much is happening online today in the healthcare field. Working closely with dozens of online discussions with hundred of others, I believe I

30、have a pretty good idea of whats going on and what is in store for us professionals and leading online mental health issues of interest.For the most part, behavioral healthcare professionals continue to use the online world like most people doto exchange information and communicate with one another.

31、 This hasnt changed all that much since I got on the Internet in 1991 and isnt likely to change much in upcoming years. What will change are the exact mechanisms and technologies used to access online services.Right now, online communities and discussion forums remain by far the most popular areas f

32、or professional to enjoy. Behavior OnLine, you know so well, is one of the leaders in this area and continues to be a shining example of how to build a solid, high-quality professional community online. In the upcoming months, Behavior OnLine will be improving its discussion forum interface, adding

33、regular real-time hat events, and implementing another quality-enhancing features which will greatly add to your experience as a member.Mailing lists remain popular with professionals online as well, usually because of their increased privacy and stability. For instance, one of the mailing lists I h

34、ost, Psychology of the Internet: Research today we arrest 1.6 million people a year for drug offenses. Yet we still have a drug problem. Should we continue until the federal government spends 40 billion and arrests 3.2 million people a year for drugs? What about 80 billion and 6.4 million arrests? T

35、he logical conclusion of this is that well be spending the entire gross national product on drug-law enforcement and still not be addressing our drug problem. I believe the costs outweigh the benefits. In New Mexico, the cost to the state of treating drug use as a crime is over 43 million per year a

36、nd this does not even include local and federal expenditures, which nearly triple that number. Over hair of that money goes to corrections costs. Yet despite this outlay, New Mexico has one of the highest rates of drug-related crime and one of the highest heroin-usage rates in the nation. Our result

37、s dictate that our money be spent another way. Thats why I have called for a reevaluation of my states current drug strategies, and we have begun to make great progress in this area. A study by the RAND Corporation shows that every dollar spent on treatment instead of imprisonment saves 7 in state c

38、osts. Treatment is significantly more effective at reducing drug use than jail and prison. I believe the most cost-effective way to deal with nonviolent drug users would be to stop prosecuting them, and instead to make an effective spectrum of treatment services available to those who request it. I

39、propose a new bottom line for evaluating our success. Currently, our government measures the success of our drug policies by whether drug use went up or down, or whether seizures went up or down, or how many acres of coca we eradicated in South America. These are absolutely the wrong criteria. Inste

40、ad of asking how many people smoked marijuana last year, we should ask if drug-related crime went up or down. Instead of asking how many people did heroin last year, we should ask whether heroin overdoses went up or down. We should ask if public nuisances associated with drug use and dealing went up

41、 or down. In short, we should be trying to reduce the harm caused by and suffered by drug users, instead of simply trying to lock them all up. A drug policy that has these questions in mind would be much more sensible, pragmatic, and cost-effective than our current one. We need to reform our drug po

42、licies. The goal should be to help those addicted to drugs to find a better way. The answer is not imprisonment and legal attack. The answer lies in sentencing reform, in supplying treatment on demand, and in delivering honest drug education to our kids. We need policies that reflect what we know ab

43、out drug addiction rather than policies that seek to punish it. The days of a drug war waged against our people should come to an end. If we take a new approachone that deals with drugs through a medical model rather than a criminal justice modelI guarantee that prison rates will drop, violent crime

44、 will decrease, property crime will decrease, overdose deaths will decrease, AIDS and hepatitis C will decrease, and more of those needing treatment for drug abuse will receive it. If we take these and other “harm reduction“ approaches toward drug use, we will spend many times less than what we curr

45、ently spend on the drug war, and the benefit will be a society with less death, disease, crime, suffering, and imprisonment. By any measure, thats a more sensible investment. (899 words)（分数：4.00）(1).According to the author, the war on drugs is no success story simply because _.（分数：1.00）A.people are

46、addicted to drugsB.drugs become easier to getC.much money has been spent with no effectD.more arrests have been done(2).Which of the following statements do you think that the author would agree to?（分数：1.00）A.The drug policies should be reconsidered and rectified.B.The federal government should cond

47、uct more researches.C.Almost half of the nonviolent drug users should be set free.D.The evaluation standards should be more realistic and feasible.(3).What is the best solution to the drug problem the author has proposed?（分数：1.00）A.Providing treatment for drug users.B.Adopting “harm reduction“ measu

48、res.C.Approaching the drug war sensibly.D.Helping those addicted to drugs.(4).Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.There are already some signs of success of the proposal.B.There might still be some benefits from a good approach.C.The author is not strongly opposed to nonviolent drug use.D.There is nothing wrong in persecuting drug users and dealers.BTEXT D/BMarriage in Mens Lives is a courageous and innovative book: courageous because it ta