专业八级-144及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-144 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)By some estimates, there are as many as 12 million illegal immigrants in the United States, toiling in farm fields, restaurant kitchens and construction sites. Theyre in the country illegally, but the employers who hire them are als

2、o breaking the law. But the presence of illegal workers on a home renovation crew, and the contractors insistence on payment in cash dont dissuade (1)_ clients. (1) _ Plenty of employers even pay taxes and (2)_ on illegal workers. (2) _ Many workers carry fake Social Security and green cards, and wh

3、en theyre hired, employers (3)_ those fake numbers with the federal government. (3) _ There is a way the employer can tell if those numbers are fake. As Chris Bentley of the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services explains, all it takes is a toll free phone call, which “allows them to. in a matter

4、 of seconds, take the information and (4)_ it against 450 million social security administration files, (4) _ and an additional 65 million Department of Homeland Security files.“ But few employers make the call. The program is (5)_ (5) _ Companies cant be held responsible for failing to spot (6)_ do

5、cuments. (6) _ And although federal law (7)_ employing illegal workers, (7) _ it is rarely enforced. Some agents oversee a huge district that includes most of Southern California and parts of Nevada. They deal with port security, airport security, money laundering, narcotics, financial fraud, and or

6、ganized crime, as well as trade in counterfeit goods, state secrets, and human beings. (8)_ out illegal workers is just not a major concern, (8) _ unless youre talking about a work site with national security implications, like Los Angeles International Airport or a nuclear plant. That situation (9)

7、_ those (9) _ who feel that American citizens are losing out to a black market system that lowers wages and cuts into the (10)_ base. (10)_（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the e

8、nd of the conversation you will be give 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).What subject is Mr. Pitt good at?（分数：1.00）A.Art.B.French.C.German.D.Chemistry.(2).What does Mr. Pitt NOT do in his spare time?（分数：1.00）A.Doing a bit of acting a

9、nd photography.B.Going to concerts frequently.C.Playing traditional jazz and folk music.D.Traveling in Europe by hitch-hiking.(3).When asked what a managers role is, Mr. Pitt sounds_（分数：1.00）A.confident.B.hesitant.C.resolute.D.doubtful.(4).What does Mr. Pitt say he would like to be?（分数：1.00）A.An exp

10、ort salesman working overseas.B.An accountant working in the company.C.A production manager in a branch.D.A policy maker in the company.(5).Which of the following statements about the management trainee scheme is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.Trainees are required to sign contracts initially.B.Trainees performanc

11、e is evaluated when necessary.C.Trainees starting salary is 870 pounds.D.Trainees cannot quit the management scheme.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：3，分数：5.00)IQuestion 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now

12、 listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Now the U.S. economy growth rate is（分数：1.00）A.higher than 1995 to 2000B.lower than 1973 to 1995C.As good as 1995 to 2000D.the same as 1993 to 1995(2).Dale Jorgenson points out that the 2.78 grow rate will be continued in the next years.（分数：1.00）A.2 yearsB.10 yearsC

13、.20 yearsD.5 yearsIQuestion 9-10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).What is the reason of the decline of the number of the wild homes ?（分数：1.00）A.climate change and human activitiesB

14、.the hunting and cullingC.farming and industrializingD.mass killing caused by people(2).Whom does the provision intend to sell the wild horses for?（分数：1.00）A.federal governmentB.the home-loversC.the people who kill the wild horseD.the native people1.Around how many tons of hazardous waste does the w

15、orld produce each year?（分数：1.00）A.150 millionB.1.50 millionC.15 millionD.50 million四、BPART READING (总题数：5，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BThe bizarre antics of sleepwalkers have puzzled police, perplexed scientists, and fascinated writers for centuries. There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers. Pe

16、rson have been said to climb on steep roofs, solve mathematical problems, compose music, walk though plate glass windows, and commit murder in their deep.How many of these stories have a basic in fact, and how many are pure fakery? No one knows, but if some of the most sensational stories should be

17、taken with a barrel of salt, others are a matter of record.In Revere, Massachusetts, a hundred policemen combed a waterfront neighborhood for a lost boy who left his home in his sleep and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living room, with no idea how he had gone there.There is

18、 an early medical record of a somnambulist who wrote a novel in his sleep. And the great French writer Voltaire knew a sleepwalker who once got our of bed, dressed himself, made a polite bow, danced a minute, and then undressed and went back to bed.At the university of Iowa, a student was reported t

19、o have the habit of getting up in the middle of the night and walking three-quarters of a mile to the Iowa River. He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed.The worlds champion sleepwalker was supposed to have been an Indian, Pandit Ramrakha, who walked sixteen miles along a dangerous

20、road without realizing that he had left his bed. Second in line for the title is probably either a Vienna housewife or a British farmer. The woman did all her shopping on busy streets in her sleep. The farmer, in his deep, visited a veterinarian miles away.The leading expert on sleep in American cla

21、ims that he had never seen a sleepwalker. He is Dr. Nathaniel Kleitman, a physiologist at the University of Chicago. He is said to know more about sleep than any other living man, and during the last thirty-five years had lost a lot of sleep watching people sleep. Says he, “Of course, I know that th

22、ere are sleepwalkers because I have read about them in the newspapers. But none of my sleepwalkers ever walked, and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, I doubt that Id get many takers.“Sleepwalking, nevertheless, is a scientific reality. Like hypnosis, it is one of those drama

23、tic, eerie, aweinspiring phenomena that sometimes border on the fantastic. It lends itself to controversy and misconceptions. What is certain about sleepwalking is that it is a symptom of emotional disturbance, and that the only way to cure it is to remove the worries and anxieties that cause it. Do

24、ctors say that somnambulism is much more common than is generally supposed. Some have set estimated that there are four million somnambulists in the United States. Others set the figure even higher. Many sleep-walkers do not seek help and so are never put on record, which means that an accurate coun

25、t can never be made.The simplest explanation of sleepwalking is that it is the acting out of vivid dream. The dream usually comes from guilt, worry, nervousness, or some other emotional conflict. The classic sleepwalker is Shakespeares Lady Mac Beth. Her nightly wanderings were caused by her guilty

26、conscience at having committed murder. Shakespeare said of her, “The eyes are open but their sense is shut.“The age-old question is: Is the sleepwalker actually awake or asleep? Scientists have decided that he is about half-and-half. Like Lady Mac Beth. he had weighty problems on his mind. Dr. Zelda

27、 Teplitz, who made a ten-year study of the subject, say, “Some people stay awake all night worrying about their problems. The sleepwalker thrashes them out in his sleep. He is awake in the muscular area. partially asleep in the sensory area.“ In other words, a person can walk in his sleep, move arou

28、nd, and do other things, but he does not think about what he is doing.There are many myths about sleepwalkers. One of the most common is the idea that its dangerous or even fatal to waken a sleepwalker abruptly. Experts say that the shock suffered by a sleepwalker suddenly awakened is no greater tha

29、n that Suffered in waking up to the noise of an alarm clock. Another mistaken belief is that sleepwalkers are immune to injury. Actually most sleepwalkers trip over rugs or bump their heads on doors at some time or other.What are the chances of a sleepwalker committing a murder or doing something el

30、se extraordinary in his sleep? Some cases of this have been reported, but they very rarely happen. Of course the few cases that are reported receive a great deal of publicity. Dr. Teplitz say, “Most people have such great inhibitions against murder or violence that they would awakenif someone didnt

31、waken them.“ In general, authorities on sleepwalking agree with her. They think that people will not do anything in their sleep that is against their own moral code. As for the publicized cases, Dr. Teplitz points out, “Sleepwalking itself is dramatic.sleepwalkers can always find an audience. I thin

32、k that some of their tall tales get exaggerated in the telling.“ In her own file of case histories, there is not one sleepwalker who ever got beyond his own front door.Parent often explain their childrensor their ownnocturnal oddities as sleepwalking. Sleepwalking is used as an excuse for all kinds

33、of irrational behavior. There is a case on record of a woman who dreamed that her house was on fire and flung her baby out of the window. Dr. Teplitz believes that this instance of irrational behavior was not due to somnambulism. She believes the woman was seriously deranged or insane, not a sleepwa

34、lker.For their own protection, chronic sleepwalkers have been known to tie themselves in bed, lock their doors, hide the keys, bolt the windows, and rip up all sorts of gadgets or wake themselves if they should get out of bed. Curiously enough, they have an uncanny way of avoiding their own traps wh

35、en they sleepwalk, so none of their tricks seem to work very well Some sleepwalkers talk in their sleep loudly enough to wake someone else in the family who can then shake them back to their senses.Children who walk in their sleep usually outgrow the habit. In many adults, too, the condition is more

36、 or less temporary. If it happens often, however, the sleepwalker should seek help. Although sleepwalking itself is nothing to become alarmed about, the problems that cause the sleepwalking may be very serious.（分数：5.00）(1).What does the phrase “taken with a barrel of salt“ mean at end of the second

37、paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.inconceivableB.unbelievableC.suspectedD.implausible(2).Who was supposed to be the worlds champion sleepwalker?（分数：1.00）A.The man walked sixteen miles along a dangerous road.B.The boy walked five hours in his sleep.C.The student habitually walked to the Iowa River and swam in his

38、 sleep.D.The man danced a minuet in his sleep.(3).What is true of sleepwalking according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.It is caused by emotional conflict or guilty conscience.B.It is the acting out of a vivid dream.C.Somnambulists are asleep during their sleepwalking.D.It is dangerous to waken a sleepwa

39、lker.(4).Dr. Zelda Teplitz _.（分数：1.00）A.studied sleepwalking for at least ten years.B.concluded that sleepwalkers are partially asleep in their sensory area.C.maintained that it is a mistaken belief that sleepwalkers are immune to injury.D.A and B(5).The writer makes it obvious that_（分数：1.00）A.sleep

40、walkers are often awakened by dangersB.the underlying cause of sleepwalking is more serious than sleepwalking itselfC.most sleepwalkers are deranged or insaneD.All of the above.BTEXT B/B“Visual Music“ is a fine-tuned, highly diverting, deceptively radical exhibition about the relationship of music a

41、nd modern art, lately arrived here at the Hirshhorn Museum. In its hippy-trippy way, it rewrites a crucial chapter of history.Its subtitle is “Synaesthesia in Art and Music Since 1900.“ Aristotle formulated the idea that each of the five sensessmell, taste, touch, hearing and sighthad its own proper

42、 and distinct sphere of activity. There were overlaps, he said (movement pertained both to sight and touch); and he speculated that the mysteries of color harmony might have something to do with musical harmony, an idea that would resonate for centuries. Musical harmony, as an expression of geometry

43、, was thought to be useful to the study of art and architecture from the Renaissance on. But-the notion that there was an essential separation among the sensual spheres persisted into the early 19th century. At the same time reports began to emerge of rare people who said they experienced two sensat

44、ions simultaneously: they saw colors when they heard sounds, or they heard sounds when they ate something. The condition was called synaesthesia.Its no coincidence that scientific interest in synaesthesia coincided with the Symbolist movement in Europe, with its stresses on metaphor, allusion and my

45、stery. Synaesthesia was both metaphorical and mysterious. Scientists were puzzled. People who claimed to have it couldnt agree about exactly what they experienced. “To ordinary individuals one of these accounts seems just as wild and lunatic as another but when the account of one seer is submitted t

46、o another seer,“ noted the Victorian psychologist and polymath Sir Francis Galton in 1883, “the latter is scandalized and almost angry at the heresy of the former.“I have come across via the color historian John Gage an amusing account from some years later by the phonologist Roman Jakobson, who stu

47、died a multilingual woman with synaesthesia. The woman described to him perceiving colors when she heard consonants and vowels or even whole words: “As time went on words became simply sounds, differently colored, and the more outstanding one color was, the better it remained in my memory. That is w

48、hy, on the other hand, Ihave great difficulty with short English words like jut, jug, lie, lag, etc.: their colors simply run together.“ Russian, she also told Jakobson, has “a lot of long, black and brown words,“ while German scientific expressions “are accompanied by a strange, dull yellowish glimmer.“（分数：3.00）(1).What does the word “synaesthesia“ refers to?（分数：1.00）A.It means that people may appreciate two kinds of beauty at the same time.B.It means that people may enjoy beauty with all senses at the same time.C.It holds t