专业八级-106 (1)及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-106 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.98，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)People usually communicate by spoken and written language, yet they can also communicate without words and this kind of communication often is more important than getting the content of the message ac

2、ross. Body language falls into this category of communication. Need for body language1) When connecting with a person, we have to make it clear how the content of a spoken message needs to be U U 1 /U /U.And how we do this tells something about U U 2 /U /Ubetween people.2) Often U U 3 /U /Uare inade

3、quate for this purpose, and therefore we use body language. e. g. looking someone in the eyes means something different than not looking someone in the eyes. Functions and features of body language1) Body language decides to a large extent U U 4 /U /Uof our communication, and therefore we should lea

4、rn to use our body language for a purpose learn to understand and explain body language of others2) How we can explain body language depends on situation culture relationship we have with the person U U 5 /U /Uof the other3) Body language is interlinked with spoken language a whole pattern of U U 6

5、/U /Ufrom a person4) Body language signs can U U 7 /U /Ueach other to make a meaning clear strengthen the meaning of what we communicate5) Some groups have developed a whole specific body language which can be very explicit in its meaning and is used to communicate where the use of words may be diff

6、icult or dangerous. Specific use of body language1) Body language is used especially to express feelings. People may give out double messages: one message in words and U U 8 /U /Umessage in body language. Most people believe more steadily their impression of how a person acts through body language t

7、han what is said through words. People tend to U U 9 /U /Uthe spoken words if they do not correspond with the body language.2) How we come across to someone is decided only for a small part by the words we speak but for a large part by our body language.To leave a good impression, it is important fo

8、r us to know and control our body language.The person on the receiving end of our body language will have a feeling or impression difficult to describe, which is called U U 10 /U /U. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00

9、）(1).From which place did they start their sightseeing? A. Houses of Parliament and Big Ben. B. The south bank of the Thames. C. Lambeth Bridge. D. Westminster Abbey.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Where does the Horatio Nelson the naval captain who defeated Napoleon at the battle of Trafalgar in 1805, and so

10、stopped him from invading England stand? A. St. Jamess Park. B. Whitehall. C. Downing Street. D. Trafalgar Square.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the conversation when are all the big shops closed? A. On weekend. B. On Sunday. C. On workday. D. On Saturday.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From the conversatio

11、n we can know where is the Chinese Embassy? A. At Marble Arch. B. Near Hyde Park. C. In Portland place. D. At Mayfair.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From the conversation what can we deduce? A. Robinson is an English. B. Li is very familiar with London. C. It is the Lis first look at London. D. It is the Robi

12、nsons first look at London.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：6.00)（分数：2.00）(1).The man Mr. Cheney accidentally shot and injured is A. a doctor. B. a secretary. C. a lawyer. D. a leader.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The Bush Administration has been accused by Harry Reid of A. being covert. B. shielding

13、 Dick. C. being dishonest. D. attacking the victim.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：3.99）(1).The strike has broken out in South Africa because A. more than one hundred miners died in a disaster. B. black miners have been calling for a wage rise. C. miners wanted to mourn over colleagues death. D. miners wanted

14、to better their working conditions.（分数：1.33）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements about the strike is TRUE? A. The strike has resulted in a great loss to the mining industry. B. A few reporters were allowed to approach the mine. C. Half the countrys black miners were on strike. D. A white ch

15、urch leader called the strike action.（分数：1.33）A.B.C.D.(3).Why were there hundreds of mourners in the Australian city of Newcastle who gathered to mourn the death of twenty people killed in bombings last year? A. Because Newcastle is the home of three of the victims. B. Because these people died in N

16、ewcastle last year. C. Because four Islamist fighters have been found guilty of involvement in the bombings in Newcastle. D. Because Newcastle is the city where there are many friends and relatives of the victims.语音下载（分数：1.33）_五、BPART READING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、BTEXT A/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Critics and supp

17、orters of the United Nations have sometimes seen worlds apart. But since last year, almost all of them, whether multilateralist or unilateralist, American or European, have come to agree that the organization is in crisis. This week, a blue ribbon panel commissioned by the bodys secretary- general,

18、Keri Annan, released its report on what to do about it.The U. N. s sorry state became most obvious with the Iraq war. Those favoring the war were furious that after a decade of Security Council resolutions, including the last-chance Resolution 1441 threatening “serious consequences“ if Iraq did not

19、prove its disarmament, the U. N. could not agree to act. Anti-war types were just as frustrated that the world body failed to stop the war. But Iraq was not the U. N. s only problem. It has done little to stop humanitarian disasters, such as the ongoing horror in Sudan. And it has done nothing to st

20、op Irans and North Koreas pursuit of nuclear weapons.Recognizing the danger of irrelevance, Mr. Annan last year told a 16-member panel, composed mainly of former government ministers and heads of government, to suggest changes. These fall broadly into two categories: the institutional and the cultur

21、al. The former has got most of the headlines - particularly a call for changing the structure of the Security Council. But changes in the U. N. s working practices are crucial too.Everyone agrees that the Security Council is an unrepresentative relic: of its 15 seats, five are occupied by permanent,

22、 veto-wielding members (America, Russia, China, Britain and France) and ten go to countries that rotate every two years and have no veto. But that the councils composition is a throwback to the world order immediately after the Second World War has been agreed on for decades, without any success in

23、changing it. Japan and Germany, the secondand thirdbiggest contributors to the U.N. budget, believe they are entitled to permanent seats. So does India, the worlds second-most- populous country, and Brazil, Latin Americas biggest. Unlike in previous efforts, these four have finally banded together t

24、o press their case. And they are joined in spirit by the Africans, who want two seats for their continent.But each aspirant has opponents. Italy opposes a permanent seat for Germany, which would make Italy the only biggish European power. It instead proposes a single seat for the European Union, a n

25、on- starter since this would require Britain and France to give up theirs, and regional institutions cannot be U.N. members under the current U.N. Charter. Spanish-speaking Mexico and Argentina do not think Portuguese-speaking Brazil should represent Latin America, and Pakistan strongly opposes its

26、rival Indias bid. As for potential African seats, Egypt claims one as the representative of the Muslim and Arab world. That would leave Nigeria, the continents most populous country, and South Africa, which is richer and a more stable democracy, fighting for the other.The panel has proposed two alte

27、rnatives. The first would give six countries (none is named but probably Germany, Japan, India, Brazil and two African countries) permanent seats without a veto, and create three extra non-permanent seats, bringing the total number of council members to 24. The second, which would expand the council

28、 by the same number of seats, creates a new middle tier of members who would serve for four years and could be immediately re-elected, above the current lower tier of two-year members, who cannot be re-elected. The rivals to the would-be permanent members favor this option.While Security Council ref

29、orm may be the most visible of the proposals, the panel has also shared its views on the guidelines on when members may use force legally. Under the U. N. Charter, they can do so in two circumstances only: Article 51 allows force in a clear case of self-defense, and Chapter permits its use when the

30、Security Council agrees. While the panelists have not proposed major changes to these two parts of the Charter, they have offered refinements.Though the Charter was written to govern war between countries, the panel argues that even without revision, Chapter W lets the Security Council authorize for

31、ce for more controversial, modem reasons like fighting terrorists and intervention in states committing humanitarian horrors. It even considers “preventive“ wars against serious but non-imminent threats potentially justifiable.But the panel also says any decision to use force must pass five tests: t

32、he threat must be grave; the primary purpose must be to avert the threat; force must be a last resort; means must be proportional; and there must be a reasonable chance that force will succeed without calamitous consequences. All common-sense stuff, but the panel proposes making these tests explicit

33、 (if subjective and unofficial), thus raising the quality of debate about any decision to go to war.On top of this, the report urges the U.N. to make better use of its assets in the fight against terrorism. One of the obstacles to an effective counter-terrorism strategy has been U.N. members inabili

34、ty to agree on a definition of terrorism. The panel tries to help by defining it as “any action that is intended to cause death or serious bodily harm to civilians or non-combatants“; Arab countries may continue to press for exemptions in the case of “foreign occupation“. The report also deals with

35、what it sees as a possible “cascade of nuclear proliferation“ in the near future. It recommends creating more incentives for countries to stop enriching uranium.（分数：4.98）(1).What can be inferred about the U. N. in the Iraq war? A. It was efficient in controlling the damage brought by the war. B. It

36、was active in preventing Iraq from pursuing nuclear weapons. C. It met the expectations of neither the pro-war side nor the anti-war side. D. It was brought into crisis on account of the war.（分数：0.83）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is TRUE about the structure of Security Council? A. It may lead t

37、o chaos of world order. B. There has been no attempt to change it. C. Countries often unite to ask for permanent seats. D. There are always negative forces for each attempt to change it.（分数：0.83）A.B.C.D.(3).The middle tier of members in the proposed structural changes of the U. N. would _. A. have a

38、 veto B. be permanent C. be elected again every four years D. comprise 9 members（分数：0.83）A.B.C.D.(4).“.they have offered refinements“ in paragraph 7 means that _. A. the panelists have attempted to make changes to the Charter B. the panelists have proposed minor alternatives to the Charter C. the pa

39、nelists have examined the Charter thoroughly enough D. the panelists have made the Charter more logical in expression（分数：0.83）A.B.C.D.(5).The panel report includes all EXCEPT _. A. analysis of current crisis of the U. N. B. suggestion regarding structural changes to the U. N. C. revision to the U. N

40、. Charter concerning legal use of force D. advice on use of the U. N. budget in anti-terrorism（分数：0.83）A.B.C.D.(6).Whats the main topic of the passage? A. The current crisis of the U. N. B. Suggestion on changes in working practices of the U. N. C. Improvement in the efficiency of the U. N. D. The U

41、. N. in the Iraq war.（分数：0.83）A.B.C.D.七、BTEXT B/B(总题数：2，分数：7.00)Shams and delusions are estimated for soundest troths, while reality is fabulous. If men would steadily observe realities only, and not allow themselves to be deluded, life, to compare with such things as we know, would be like a fairy

42、tale and the Arabian Nights entertainments. If we respected only what is inevitable and has a fight to be, music and poetry would resound along the streets. When we are unhurried and wise, we perceive that only great and worthy things have any permanent and absolute existence, that petty fears and p

43、etty pleasures are but the shadow of the reality. This is always exhilarating and sublime.By closing the eyes and slumbering, and consenting to be deceived by shows, men establish and confirm their daily life of routine and habit everywhere, which still is built on purely illusory foundations. Child

44、ren, who play life, discern its true law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live it worthily, but who thinks that they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure.I have read in a Hindoo book, that “there was a kings son, who, being expelled in infancy from his native city, was brough

45、t up by a forester, and growing up to maturity in that state, imagined himself to belong to the barbarous race with which he lived. One of his fathers ministers discovered him, revealed to him what he was, anti the misconception of his character was removed, and he knew himself to be a prince. So so

46、ul,“ continued the Hindoo philosopher, “from the circumstance from which it is placed, mistakes its own character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself to be Brahme.“We think that that is which appears to be. If a man should give us an account of the reali

47、ties he beheld, we should not recognize the place in his description. Look at the meeting house, or a court-house, or a jail, or a shop; or a dwelling-house? and say what that thing really is before a true gaze, and they would all go to pieces in our account of them. Men esteem truth remote, in the outskirts of the system, behind the furthest star, before Adam and after the last man. In eternity there is indeed something true and sublime. But all these times and places and occasions are now and here.God himself culminate in the present m