职称英语卫生类C级-16及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 C 级-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.A beautiful woman attended to me in that store yesterday.（分数：1.00）A.waited onB.talked toC.spoke toD.stayed with2.The minister headed the committee.（分数：1.00）A.was on the verge ofB.was on the basis ofC.was at the cost ofD.was

2、 in charge of3.Successful leaders dominate events rather than react to them.（分数：1.00）A.controlB.contributeC.conveyD.contact4.They are still calculating the impact of automation on the lives of factory workers.（分数：1.00）A.affectB.influenceC.pressureD.passion5.It hard for the young people to imagine wh

3、at severe conditions their parents once lived under.（分数：1.00）A.sincereB.hardC.strictD.tight6.My relationship with the actors is fundamental to my work as a director.（分数：1.00）A.impressiveB.publicC.essentialD.slight7.Our examination has been postponed until next Friday.（分数：1.00）A.put onB.put downC.put

4、 offD.put in8.Her words offended me.（分数：1.00）A.made angryB.made happyC.made excitedD.made disappointed9.Hold the torch steady so I can see better.（分数：1.00）A.continuousB.quickC.firmD.exceptional10.First editions of certain popular books cannot be obtained for love or money.（分数：1.00）A.at any placeB.at

5、 any priceC.in any languageD.in any country11.You must shine your shoes.（分数：1.00）A.lightenB.cleanC.washD.polish12.These are our motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.argumentsC.targetsD.pursuit13.While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s Barbara Jordan supported legislation to Uban/U discrim

6、ination and to deal with environment problems.（分数：1.00）A.listB.forbidC.handleD.investigate14.The company recommended that a new petrol station should be built here.（分数：1.00）A.orderedB.insistedC.suggestedD.demanded15.Loud noises can be annoying.（分数：1.00）A.hatefulB.painfulC.horrifyingD.disturbing二、B第

7、2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A 项；如果该句提供的错误信息，请选择 B 项：如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择 C 项。B Step Back in Time/BDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us? One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45. But now, s

8、he can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need. We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do

9、 to get better again. And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we dont slip back into bad habits, lets have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.Families had between 15 and 20 children, although many babies didnt live long. C

10、hildren suffered from lots of diseases, especially rickets (佝偻病) and scurvy (坏血病), which are both caused by bad diets. This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standin

11、g up, bending over a piece of string, because there was no room for them to lie down.People didnt have fridges until the 1920s. They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills (窗台板), blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight t

12、o earn money for their parents.If you had lived 100 years ago, you might well be selling matchsticks (火柴杆) (a job done by many children) or working with your dad by now.（分数：7.00）(1).On average women lived longer than men 100 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).People now e

13、njoy longer lives for unknown reasons.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).A hundred years ago many kids died at an early age.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Poor diets can lead to such diseases as rickets and scurvy.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentio

14、ned(5).People in the past preferred standing up to lying down when sleeping.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).An Englishman invented the fridge in the 1920s.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.A.

15、Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)14 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择1 个正确的小标题：(2)第 58 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的位置上。B Earthquake/BEvery year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destructi

16、on in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buil

17、dings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake.These are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately, however, not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale, which goes from

18、 0 upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9, major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upward from 6.0.The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earths surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reason

19、s, two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earths crust and continental drift.In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Special instruments are used to help people record,

20、for example, shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time, location and size of an earthquake.Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be the signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some anima

21、ls, the changes in the content of mineral water, etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before earthquakes happen.（分数：8.00）(1).paragraph 2_.A. Earthquakes forecast（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).paragraph 3_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).paragraph 4_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).paragraph 5_.（分数：1.

22、00）填空项 1:_(5).Not all damage during an earthquake is caused by_.A. the quake itself（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Not all earthquakes are strong enough to cause_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Scientists have been working hard to warn people of_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Earthquakes can be predicted by observing_.（分数：1.00）填空项

23、1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每道题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB Florence Nightingale/BFlorence Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in Europe. As a child, she traveled to many places with her

24、 family and learned how to speak several languages.When Nightingale was 17, she told her family that she was going to help sick people. Her parents did not approved, but Nightingale was determined.She traveled to hospitals all over Europe. She saw that doctors were working too hard. She saw that pat

25、ients died because they did not get enough care. Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more, they needed special training in how to take care of sick people. Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany t

26、o study nursing. Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen during illness. These women cared for sick people in their homes.In 1854, England was fighting a war with Russia. No reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for t

27、he wounded. People demanded that something be done about it. A leader of government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals. So, in November 1854, Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital.She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.At first, the doctors o

28、n the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals. They did not believe that women could help. But in fact, the nurses did make a difference. They worked around the clock, tending the sick. Thanks to their hard work, many wounded soldiers survived. After the War, Nighting

29、ale and her nurses were treated like heroes. Finally, in 1860, she started the Nightingale School for nurses. In time, thanks to Florence Nightingale, nursing became an important part of medicine.（分数：15.00）(1).Florence Nightingale was born into a rich_.（分数：3.00）A.Italian familyB.Russian familyC.Engl

30、ish familyD.German family(2).Nightingales parents did not approve of her decision_.（分数：3.00）A.to work as a doctorB.to care for sick peopleC.to fight in the war with RussiaD.to travel to hospitals all over Europe(3).It was not until the war with Russia that Nightingale_.（分数：3.00）A.got to work in a ho

31、spitalB.began to study nursingC.started to care for sick people in their homesD.became the head of Gentlewomen during illness(4).On the battle fields Nightingale and her nurses proved to be_.（分数：3.00）A.as bad as the doctors had expectedB.quite generousC.less than usefulD.very helpful(5).Nightingale

32、played a great role in_.（分数：3.00）A.the building of war hospitalsB.the education of womenC.the development of nursingD.the improvement of working conditions for womenB第二篇/BB Some Things We Know About Language/BMany things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things w

33、e do know.First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men w

34、ithout a language.Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but file languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of ye

35、ars in developing.This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to

36、 be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.A third thing we know about

37、language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.Finally, we know that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones

38、. This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language. Grammatical features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.（分数：15.00）(1).T

39、he second paragraph the author thinks that_.（分数：3.00）A.some backward race doesnt have a language of its ownB.some race in history didnt possess a language of its ownC.any human race, whether backward or not, has a languageD.some races on earth can communicate without language(2).According to the aut

40、hor, people of underdeveloped cultures can have_ language.（分数：3.00）A.complicatedB.uncivilizedC.primitiveD.well-known(3).The author has used American Indian language as an example to show that they are_.（分数：3.00）A.just as old as some well-known languagesB.just as advanced as some well-known languages

41、C.more developed than some well-known languageD.more complex than some well-known language(4).Which of the following statement is incorrect?（分数：3.00）A.Language is a means of expressing a particular culture.B.All languages can well express their respective cultures.C.Some primitive languages can also

42、 express their cultures.D.Some primitive languages are better than other languages.(5).According to the author language changes are most likely to occur in_.（分数：3.00）A.grammarB.pronunciationC.vocabularyD.intonationB第三篇/BB Losing Weight/BGirls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of dev

43、eloping unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food, a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday.Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds. Even at the tender

44、 age of 10, nearly 32 per cent of girls felt “too fat“ and 31 per cent said they were trying to diet.McVey, a researcher at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, and her colleagues analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario school girls between 1993 and 2003, reporting t

45、heir findings in Tuesdays issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal.Nearly 80 per cent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7.2 per cent were considered overweight using standard weight-to-height ratios. Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is s

46、everal times higher than that figure.Nearly 30 per cent of the girls reported they were currently trying to lose weight, though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomiting.Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 per cent of survey participants were alrea

47、dy at risk of developing an eating disorder.“Were not talking about kids whove been prescribed a diet because theyre above average weight or overweight. Were talking about children who are within a healthy weight range. And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight.“ McVey said, ackn

48、owledging she found the rates disturbing. She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task, with no easy solutions.overweight adj. 超重的; 过重的induce vt. 引起,导致prescribe vt.处方;开药;嘱咐（分数：15.00）(1).The study showed that most of the girls_.（分数：3.00）A.were overweightB.were on a dietC.had unhealthy attitudes about weightD.had a healthy body weight(2).What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight?（分数：3.00）A.Nearly 80 per cent.B.7.2 per cent.C.Nearly 30 per cent.D.10.5 per cen