职称英语卫生类B级模拟80及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 B级模拟 80及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Mary has blended the ingredients.（分数：1.00）A.mixedB.madeC.cookedD.eaten2.They agreed to modify their policy.（分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.changeC.defineD.deveIoD3.The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.（分数：1.00）A.p

2、layB.sendC.showD.tell4.A notably short man，he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.（分数：1.00）A.practicallyB.considerablyC.remarkablyD.completelv5.The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.（分数：1.00）A.take outB.repairC.push inD.dig6.It is absurd to predict that the sun will not r

3、ise tomorrow.（分数：1.00）A.ridiculousB.funnyC.oddD.foolish7.A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water.（分数：1.00）A.muddiedB.pollutedC.mixedD.troubled8.The room is dim and quiet.（分数：1.00）A.tinyB.pleasantC.darkD.agreeable9.The index is the government“s chief gauge of future economic

4、activity.（分数：1.00）A.measureB.opinionC.evaluationD.decision10.It“s prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first.（分数：1.00）A.workableB.sensibleC.possibleD.feasible11.He is renowned for his skill.（分数：1.00）A.rememberedB.recommendedC.praisedD.well-known12.You have to be patient if you want to

5、sustain your position.（分数：1.00）A.maintainB.establishC.acquireD.support13.She stood there, trembling with fear.（分数：1.00）A.jumpingB.cryingC.swayingD.shaking14.Medical facilities are being upgraded .（分数：1.00）A.renewedB.repairedC.improvedD.increased15.Mary looked pale and weary .（分数：1.00）A.gloomyB.uglyC

6、.sillyD.exhausted二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Keep on FightingTurning once again to the question of invasion, I would observe that there has never been a period in all these long centuries of which we boast when an absolute guarantee against invasion, still less against serious raids, could have been

7、given to our people. In the davs of Napoleon the same wind which would have carried his transports across the Channel might have driven away the blockading (封锁) fleet. There was always the chance, and it is that chance which has excited and befooled (愚弄) the imaginations of manv continental tyrants.

8、 Many are the tales that are told. We are assured that novel methods will be adopted, and when we see the originality of malice (怨恨), the ingenuity of aggression, which our enemy displays, we may certainly prepare ourselves for every kind of novel stratagem (战略) and every kind of brutal and treacher

9、ous (奸诈的) maneuver (花招). I think that no idea is so outlandish (古怪的) that it should not be considered and viewed with a searching, but at the same time, I hope，with a steady eye. We must never forget the solid assurances of sea power and those which belong to air power if it can be locally exercised

10、. At any rate, that is what we are going to try to do. This is the resolve of His Majesty“s governmentevery man of them. This is the will of parliament and the nation. The British Empire and the French republic, linked together in their cause and in their need, will defend to the death their native

11、soil, aiding each other like good comrades to the utmost of their strength. Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous states have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious (可憎的) apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag (变弱) or fail. We shall go on to the en

12、d, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost might be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and i

13、n the streets, we shall fight in the hills, we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this island or a large part of it were subjugated (征服) and starving，then our empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in

14、God“s good time, the new world, with its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old.（分数：7.00）(1).Throughout Britain“s history, there has been no guarantee that an invasion would not happen.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Napoleon and his army once crossed the

15、English Channel and conquered Britain.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The enemy will use every means conceivable to destroy Britain.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Churchill is confident that he will live longer than Hitler.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The Royal Air

16、Force will launch massive air strikes against the Germans.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The British Empire is so strong that it does not have to take Hitler“s menace seriously.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Although many countries have been overrun by the Germans, the British

17、people will never give in.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)HepatitisHepatitis (肝炎) is a disease characterized by inflammation (炎症) of and injury to the liver. The disease has many causes, including misuse of alcohol and drugs, but viruses are the most common caus

18、e. Researchers estimate that more than 300,000 cases of viral hepatitis Occur each year in the United States. Symptoms of viral hepatitis appear from two weeks to six months after exposure to the virus. The first symptoms are usually fatigue, poor appetite and nausea. Pain in the abdomen above the l

19、iver and a slight fever are also common. After a few days, the person“s urine becomes dark and jaundice (黄疸) appears. The jaundice and dark urine indicate the liver is not working properly. Symptoms of viral hepatitis generally last two to six weeks. Severe cases can lead to liver failure and death.

20、 But most patientseven those with severe hepatitiseventually recover completely. In some patients, the disease becomes persistent and is called chronic hepatitis. Persons with chronic hepatitis may experience mild, vague symptoms of fatigue and poor appetite. There are five types of viral hepatitis.

21、 Hepatitis A is a highly contagious disease, but it is rarely fatal. It is also called infectious hepatitis. Hepatitis A is extremely common in developing nations. Outbreaks often occur due to unsanitary conditions, such as contamination of food or the water supply. Hepatitis B is the best-known for

22、m of viral hepatitis. It can be severe and often develops into chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis B is spread by close personal or sexual contact with an infected person or by exposure to infected blood. Hepatitis C is usually spread by exposure to infected blood. It is the most common cause of transfusio

23、n-related hepatitis. It is also a common cause of chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis D is the most serious and also the rarest form of viral hepatitis. It only infects people who also have hepatitis B. Many cases of hepatitis D are fatal and most commonly occur among intravenous drug users, who can be inf

24、ected by sharing hypodermic needles. Hepatitis E often occurs in epidemics that can be linked to poor hygiene and contaminated water. It is particularly likely to lead to serious illness in pregnant women. The disease has been reported almost exclusively in developing countries.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragrap

25、h 1 1. A. The reason hepatitis develops B. Hepatitis Aa highly contagious disease C. Symptoms of hepatitis D. Hepatitis Bthe best-known form of viral hepatitis E. An introduction of hepatitis F. Protect public environment for the preservation of health（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：1.00）(3).Paragrap

26、h 4 1.（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：1.00）(5).Hepatitis can be caused by 1. A. injury or infection B. viruses or misuse of alcohol and drug C. poor hygiene and contaminated water D. exposure to infected blood E. the liver is not working properly F. mild, vague symptoms of fatigue and poor appetite（分

27、数：1.00）(6).The person“s urine becomes dark and jaundice appears which indicate that 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Symptoms of chronic hepatitis are 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The most common cause of chronic hepatitis is 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Stress Level Tied to Education LevelPeople with

28、 less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior . However, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health. From this, researchers hav

29、e concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them. The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress le

30、vel and health. People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time. “Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily b

31、asis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health,“ lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grzywaez, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement. “The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors and the effect of daily stressors on their health i

32、s much more devastating for the less advantaged.“ Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic. “If something happens every day, maybe it“s not seen as a stressor.“ Grzywacz says. “Mayb

33、e it is just life.“（分数：15.00）(1).Stress level is closely related to _.（分数：3.00）A.family sizeB.social statusC.body weightD.work experience(2).The 1,031 adults were interviewed _.（分数：3.00）A.on a daily basis for 8 daysB.during one of eight daysC.all by GrzywaczD.in groups(3).Which group reported the bi

34、ggest number of stressful days?（分数：3.00）A.People without any education.B.People without high school degrees.C.People with high school degrees.D.People with college degrees.(4).The less advantaged people are, the greater _.（分数：3.00）A.the impact of stress on their health isB.the effect of education on

35、 their health isC.the level of their education isD.the degree of their health concern is(5).Less-educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because _.（分数：3.00）A.they don“t want to tell the truthB.they don“t want to face the truthC.stress is too common a factor in their lifeD.their stress i

36、s more acute六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Dangerous Sunshine to ChildrenTwo United Nations agencies warned on Tuesday that children are most at risk of developing skin cancers as a result of the long-term decline in the earth“s protective ozone layer. The agencies, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the

37、 UN Environmental Programme (UNEP), issued the warning as they launched a global programme aimed at alerting schools to the dangers of exposure to the sun. “As ozone depletion becomes more marked, and as people around the world engage more in sun seeking behaviour, the risk of health complications f

38、rom over-exposure to ultraviolet radiation is becoming a substantial public health concern,“ said WHO Directorgenera Lee Jong-wook. By reducing the time children and adolescents are exposed to direct sunlight, he said. “We can substantially reduce the risk of contracting skin cancers, cataracts and

39、other conditions which might only appear much later in life.“ In its 2002 World Health Report, the WHO said around the world an average of 66,000 people died every year from melanoma or other types of skin cancer. Independent scientific research shows that every year there are between two to three m

40、illion new cases of non-malignant melanoma and around 130,000 malignantand normally fatalnew full blown skin cancer cases. Although most known skin cancers seemed to occur in the industrialized world, WHO radiation and environmental health specialist Mike Repacholi told a news conference, there were

41、 many cases believed to be unreported in poorer countries. Although people with darker skins were less susceptible to skin cancers, they were just as likely to contract eye cataracts as fairer-skinned populations, and people living close to the equator were even more likely to develop them. As for t

42、he protection method, the WHO said that under the school plan, dubbed the Inter Sun Project, the two agencies will distribute packages showing teachers how to develop their own sun education programmes, the WHO said. In a joint statement from the two agencies which also marked the International Day

43、for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer, UNEP Executive Director Klaus Toepfer said latest studies showed the protective shield was on the road to recovery. This was the result of international agreements over the past two decades to phase out use of various chemicalslike those used in some pesticid

44、es, refrigerators and aerosols. “But we must remain vigilant and more needs to be done before we can say that the problem is solved for good,“ said Toepfer. This included stopping illegal trade in banned chemicals and enforcing the agreements in developing countries. “Only then can we say that the s

45、ky above our heads will be safe for our children and their children to come,“ the former German environment minister said.（分数：15.00）(1).Why does the risk of developing skin cancers in children become greater and greater?（分数：3.00）A.Because they pay little attention to their skin health.B.Because they

46、 are short of physical training.C.Because the earth“s protective ozone layer declines year after year.D.Because the earth is getting warmer and warmer.(2).How many people die from skin cancers including melanoma all over the world every year?（分数：3.00）A.An average of 66,000.B.Approximately 130,000.C.

47、About 196,000.D.Between 2,000,000 to 3,000,000.(3).What people are more likely to develop eye cataracts?（分数：3.00）A.Fairer-skinned people.B.Darker-skinned people.C.People living near the equator.D.People living near the poles.(4).All of the following articles may use some chemicals unfavorable for th

48、e preservation of the ozone layer EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.aerosolsB.refrigeratorsC.pesticidesD.medicines(5).The phrase “for good“ in the last paragraph can be best replaced by _.（分数：3.00）A.permanentlyB.correctlyC.largelyD.well七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)This line of inquiry did not begin until earlier this mon

49、thmore than three months after the accidentbecause there were “too many emotions, too many egos,“ said retired Adm. Harold Gehman, chairman of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board. Testifying before the Senate Commerce Committee, Gehman said this part of his inquiry was in its earliest stages, starting just 10 days ago. But Gehman said he already has concluded it is “inconceivable“ that NASA would have been unable or unwilling to attempt a rescue for astronauts in orbit if senior shuttle managers and administrators had known there was fatal damage t