职称英语理工类C级-16及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 C 级-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The waitress showed me to the table we have booked this afternoon.（分数：1.00）A.invitedB.toldC.ledD.pointed2.I caught sight of her in the crowd.（分数：1.00）A.sawB.glancedC.staredD.skimmed3.I am very sorry for ringing you late las

2、t night.（分数：1.00）A.simplyB.terriblyC.eagerlyD.largely4.He used to work in a chemical plant, but now he worked in a bank.（分数：1.00）A.factoryB.forestC.branchD.company5.She has got a good job and earns a lot of money.（分数：1.00）A.a great deal ofB.a large quantity ofC.a large number ofD.a great level of6.T

3、he huge Olympic Park will be built outside the city.（分数：1.00）A.bigB.wonderfulC.significantD.fantastic7.At the birthday party, Lily kissed her father to express her thanks for his lovely present.（分数：1.00）A.altitudeB.attitudeC.gratitudeD.latitude8.Ive always been cautious about giving people my phone

4、number.（分数：1.00）A.afraidB.frightenedC.carefulD.rational9.I have heard this tune before, but I dont know the words to the song.（分数：1.00）A.themeB.rhymeC.melodyD.lyric10.Yet in one way they are really so fortunate.（分数：1.00）A.to some extentB.in the wayC.by the wayD.just then11.Nowadays, we can purchase

5、things on-line.（分数：1.00）A.readB.buyC.rentD.watch12.During the office hours, you should focus your mind on your work.（分数：1.00）A.concentrate onB.completeC.remindD.pap for13.Because Susie earns a small sum of money every month, she cannot rent a large apartment.（分数：1.00）A.departmentB.villaC.flatD.shed1

6、4.Among all the essays, his was picked out as the best one by the professors.（分数：1.00）A.selectedB.labeledC.electedD.considered15.The truth is that he has just been fired.（分数：1.00）A.situationB.conditionC.errorD.fact二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断，如果该句提的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该

7、句提的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。Micro-chip Research Center CreatedA research center has been set up in this Far. East country to develop advanced microchip production technology. The center, which will start out with about US $14 million, will help the country develop its chip industry without al

8、ways depending on imported technology.The center will make use of its research skills and facilities to develop new technology for domestic chip plants. The advent of the center will possibly free the country from the situation that it is always buying almost-outdated technologies from other countri

9、es, said the country s flagship(旗舰,首位的) chipmaker. Currently, chip plants in this country are in a passive situation because many foreign governments dont allow them to import the most advanced technologies, fearing they will be used for military purposes. Moreover the high licensing fees they have

10、to pay to technology providers are also an important reason for their decision of self-reliance.As mainstream(主流) chip production technology shifts from one generation to the next every three to five years, plants with new technology can make more powerful chips at lower costs, while plants with out

11、dated equipment, which often cost billions of dollars to build, will be marginalized (边缘化) by the market.More than 10 chip plants are being built, each costing millions of dollars. The majority of the money goes to overseas equipment vendors (卖主)and technology owners mainly from Japan and Singapore.

12、Should the new center play a major role in improving the situation in the industry, the country admits the US $14 million investment is still rather small. This country is developing comprehensive technologies, most of the investment will be spent on setting alliances with technology and intellectua

13、l property owners.（分数：7.00）(1).The country says that the investment of US $14 million is big enough for developing the countrys industry.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).That country gives top priorities to developing chips for military purpose.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C.

14、 Not mentioned(3).Although the licensing fees are not very high, that Far-East country cannot afford to pay.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Many western countries ban the exporting of the most advanced chip-making technologies to that country to prevent them from being used for

15、military purposes.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Currently, American investors own almost all the flagship chipmakers in that country.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Mainstream chip production technology develops rapidly.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C.

16、Not mentioned(7).More than 10 chip plants being built in that country are an example of self-reliace.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)下面的短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给出的 6 个选项中为第 14 段每段选择 1 个最佳标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给出的 6 个选项中为每个句子确 1 个最佳选项。Intelligence: A

17、 Changed View1. Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity (存在，实体), some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its value, therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to l

18、earn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming(分流，分组) children according to ability at an early age. And at 11 these t

19、ests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education.2. Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubts on the view that innate (内在的) intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of

20、intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared w

21、ith that of their more fortunate classmates.3. There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence(习得智力). Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment is. We cannot

22、 observe and measure innate intelligence, whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment. Researchers have been investigating what happens in this interaction(相互作用).4. Two major findings have

23、 emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greatest part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, the most important factors in the env

24、ironment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between “privileged“ and “disadvantaged“ children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual (感性的) experiences.5

25、. These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind, we now see it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, ind

26、eed, one of them is learning how to learn.6. The modern ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children

27、 will be given the label “low IQ(智商,Intelligence Quotient)“ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we canteach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.A. Main Results of

28、 Recent ResearchesB. Popular Doubt about the New ViewC. Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD. Intelligence and AchievementE. Impact on School EducationF. A Changed View of Intelligence（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Parag

29、raph 6_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB. have a better chance to develop his intelligenceC. taught to be more intelligentD. that intelligence was something a baby was born withE. and because of the lack of communication with his classmatesF. and partly stimulated（分

30、数：4.00）(1).It was once believed _, and thus we can tell how successful she/he will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).More recent researches has shown that intelligence is only partly inherited_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).It can be inferred from the passage that a child

31、will _ if he has more opportunities to communicate with others by means of language.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Children were not just _, but they can be taught to be more intelligent at school.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道小题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定 1 个最佳选项。B第一篇/BCrop ProblemAdv

32、ances in technology have helped more of the worlds population live better and longer, and that is part of our problemBetter health standards have kept larger number of people alive. The worlds population is now almost four billion and expected to double in 25 years. Growing population and slowly ris

33、ing living standards have increased our need for food at the rate of 30 million tons per year. As a result, the worlds stockpile of food(食物储备) is declining by about 10 million tons per year.From the early 1950s until 1972 ,world food production increased greatly. The Green Revolution (绿色革命) extended

34、 scientific techniques to agriculture in the form of hybrid seed (杂交种)and poultry (禽类), chemical fertilizers (化学肥料) and pesticides (杀虫剂), and complex irrigation systems. Strains (品种) of corn (玉米), sorghum (高粱), soybeans (大豆), wheat and rice were developed to flourish under particular climate and soi

35、l conditions.In the United States, corn production rose to 110 bushels(蒲式耳：谷物、水果、蔬菜等容量单位，在英国相当于 36,368 升，在美国相当于 35,238升) per acre from only 26 bushels per acre in the early 1900s. Milk production rose to 10,000 pounds per cow per year, compared with 600 in India. Chickens were bred to eat less, grow

36、 to maturity in shorter time, and produce more eggs. As a result of such scientific advances, our twelve midwestern states alone now feed one fourth of the worlds people.Crop disaster in 1972 brought an apparent end to the growth in production. Much of the extra yields had come from the use of chemi

37、cal fertilizers, primarily petroleum based and now in short supply. The drop in world supplies of petroleum-based fertilizers is expected to cause a drop in crop yields of ten tons for each one ton decline in fertilizers applied.This presents a particular problem for underdeveloped nations that ofte

38、n lack the foreign exchange necessary for buying fertilizer. The problem is so severe that Philip Handier, president of the National Academy of Sciences, has predicted one million child deaths per month in these nations by the year 2025.（分数：15.00）(1).The expected world population will reach _ in 25

39、years.（分数：3.00）A.2,000,000,000B.4,000,000,000C.6,000,000,000D.8,000,000,000(2).What does the writer want to tell us in the paragraph 4.9（分数：3.00）A.The U.S. is richer than India.B.Chickens were made to mature in shorter time and able to produce more eggs.C.There are 12 states in the midwestern U. S.D

40、.U.S. is able to increase food production with scientific techniques.(3).Judging from the passage ,the term “Green Revolution“ refers to_.（分数：3.00）A.the political situation in GreenlandB.the increased use of scientific methods in agricultureC.the upheavals in the underdeveloped nationsD.the crop sho

41、rtages experienced in 1972(4).Given the present growth rate of the worlds population and our ability to produce food_.（分数：3.00）A.the United States will be able to feed half the world by 2025B.the future will see no more hungerC.we will encounter very serious problem in the near futureD.the developed

42、 nations will change in the near future(5).It is expected that crop yields will drop, especially in underdeveloped countries mainly because of_.（分数：3.00）A.disastrous weatherB.weak strainsC.finance shortagesD.revolutionsB第二篇/BHow to Stay YoungIf you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think.

43、 This is the research finding by a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercises, and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ab

44、ility to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.Computer technology enabled the research

45、ers to obtain precise measurement of the volumes of the front and side sections of the brain, which are related to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can con

46、tinue living without intellectual or emotional faculties. )Contraction of front and side part-as cells die off-was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the con

47、traction normally associated with age: using the head.The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing

48、 routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.Matsuzawas findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells nee

49、d. “The best way to maintain good blood circulation is using the brain,“ he says. “Think hard and engage in conversation. Dont rely on pocket calculators. “（分数：15.00）(1).The team of doctors wanted to find out_.（分数：3.00）A.why certain people age sooner than othersB.how to make people live longerC.the size of certain peoples brainsD.wh