职称英语理工类B级真题2006年及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 B 级真题 2006 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项（第 115 题，每 题(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.She was close to success （分数：1.00）A.fastB.quickC.tightD.near2.The two girls look alike （分数：1.00）A.similarB.beautifulC.prettyD.attractive3.The boy is intelligent （分数：1.00）A.naughtyB.cleverC.difficultD.active4.

2、Everybody was glad to see Mary back （分数：1.00）A.sorryB.sadC.happyD.angry5.What is your glad in life? （分数：1.00）A.aimB.planC.arrangementD.idea6.Jack is a diligent student （分数：1.00）A.ambitiousB.hardworkingC.lazyD.slow7.Mary said mildly that she was just curious. （分数：1.00）A.shylyB.gentlyC.weaklyD.wildly8

3、.Practically all animals communicate through sounds （分数：1.00）A.AlmostB.ClearlyC.AbsolutelyD.Basically9.The story was very touching. （分数：1.00）A.inspiringB.boringC.absorbingD.moving10.I wasnt qualified for the job really, but I got it anyhow （分数：1.00）A.anywayB.somehowC.anywhereD.somewhere11.She was a

4、puzzle （分数：1.00）A.girlB.womanC.mysteryD.problem12.Her speciality is heart surgery. （分数：1.00）A.regionB.siteC.platformD.field13.France has kept intimate links with its former African territories. （分数：1.00）A.privateB.friendlyC.strongD.secret14.You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughl

5、y. （分数：1.00）A.mixedB.spreadC.beatenD.covered15.The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. （分数：1.00）A.destroyedB.brokeC.changedD.smashed二、第 2 部分：阅读判断（第 1622 题，每题(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Earthquake How does an earthquake start? What makes an earthquake happen? The rock of the ear

6、ths crust (地壳) may have a fault, a kind of break in the surface. The blocks which make up the earth move, and sometimes this may cause the sides of the fault to move up and down or lengthways (纵向地) against each other. When one piece of rock starts to rub on another with great force, a lot of energy

7、is used. This energy is changed into vibrations (振动) and it is these vibrations that we reef as an earthquake. The vibrations can travel thousands of kilometers and so an earthquake in Turkey may be felt in Greece. What to do during an earthquake? At school As soon as the earthquake starts, students

8、 should get under the desks immediately and wait until the teacher tells them it is safe to come out. The teacher should, at the same time, go immediately to the teachers desk, get underneath (在下面) it and stay there till the danger is over. Students must not argue with the teacher or question instru

9、ctions. As soon as the tremors (震动) stop, all students should walk towards the exit and go straight to the school playground or any open space such as a square or a park. They must wait there until the teacher tells them it is safe to go. At home If you are at home when the earthquake occurs, get im

10、mediately under the table in the living room or kitchen. Choose the biggest and strongest table you can find. You must not go anywhere near the window and dont go out onto the balcony (阳台). Once the tremors have stopped, you can come out from under the table but you must leave the building straight

11、away. You should walk down the stairs and should not use the lift - there may be a power cut as a result of the earthquake and you could find yourself trapped inside the lift for hours. In the street If you are in the street when the earthquake takes place, do not stand near buildings, fences or wal

12、ls - move away as quickly as possible arid try to find a large open space to wait in. Standing under trees could also be dangerous. （分数：7.00）(1).People knew long ago how an earthquake starts （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Thousands of people were killed during an earthquake in Turkey. （分数

13、：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).As soon as an earthquake occurs, students should leave the building （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Students should go to the school playground or an open space once the tremors stop. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5). If you are at home when

14、an earthquake occurs, stand near a big table （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The best way to leave the building during an earthquake is to get into a lift （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).If you are in the street when an earthquake occurs, stay in a large open space （分数：1.00）A.Rig

15、htB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子（第 233(总题数：2，分数：8.00)The Science of Sport 1 At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese athlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record for the 110 metres hurdles (跨栏) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sp

16、rinter (短跑运动员) Colin Jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast. 2 Record-breaking in all track events is slowing down and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to b

17、e unbeatable are broken. So whats behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds? 3 Most experts agree that it isnt the athletes bodies which have changed but the huge adv

18、ances in sport science which have enabled them to improve their performances. The individual athlete obviously has to have the necessary skill and determination to succeed, but the help of science and technology can be significant. Research has brought a better understanding of the athletes body and

19、 mind but the advances in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance. 4 Scientists have shown that an athletes bodys needs vary according to the type of sport. This research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to thei

20、r particular needs. Running the marathon and cycling, for example, are endurance (耐力) sports and require a different parathion (硝苯硫磷脂) to that of a 100-metre sprinter. In some sports, changes in techniques have significantly improved performance. 5 But in any sport, a players success or failure resu

21、lts from a combination of both physical and mental abilities. Most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope with stress and concentrate on their performance. For example, the English football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax

22、and not feel so nervous. Before a difficult match, tennis players are encouraged to use visualization (相象) techniques to build confidence and this is almost as good as practice. 6 But as science, begins to dominate sport, are we in danger of losing sight of the heart of the competition, the sporting

23、 challenge? Whats more, are all these advantages fair? 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ AScience may be too important today. BSports equipment has been improved a lot. CAthletes are still breaking records. DSport science helps improve athletes performances. E Mental tr

24、aining is as important as physical training. F Different sports require different training programs. （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.E.27 It is more difficult for todays athletes. 28 We dont know if there is a limit. 29 Research has helped coaches. 30 Scientific advances are suspected.

25、Ato break records Bto better understand the athletes body and mind Cto time and space Dto be replacing the sporting challenge Eto human performance Fto avoid psychological techniques （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.四、第 4 部分：阅读理解（第 3145 题，每题(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 Recycling Around the World Re

26、cycling is one of the best environmental success stories of the late 20th century. But we could do more. People must not see recycling .as fashionable, but essential. The Japanese are very good at recycling because they live in a crowded country. They do not have much space. They do not want to shar

27、e their limited space with rubbish. But even so, Tokyo area alone is estimated to have three million tons of leftover rubbish at present. In 1996, the United States recycled and composted (制成肥料)57 million tons of waste (27% of the nations solid waste). This is 57 million tons of waste which did not

28、go into landfills and incinerators (焚化炉). In doing this, 7,000 rubbish collection programmes and recycling centres helped the authorities. In Rockford, a city in Illinois, US, its officials choose one house each week and check its garbage (废物). If the garbage does not contain any newspapers or alumi

29、nium (铝) cans, then the resident of the house gets a prize of at least $1,000. In Japan, certain cities give children weekly supplies of tissue paper and toilet paper in exchange for a weekly collection of newspapers. In one year Britain recycles: ? 1 out of every 3 newspapers. ? 1 out of every 4 gl

30、ass bottles and jars (罐子). ? 1 out of every 4 items of clothing. ? 1 out of every 3 aluminium drink cans. In 1999, Hong Kong transported 1.3 million tons of waste to mainland China for recycling. Around 535,000 tons of waste were recycled in Hong Kong itself. Over half the things we throw away could

31、 be recycled. That means we could recycle 10 times as much as we do now. However, recycling needs a lot of organisation and special equipment. Also, there is not much use for some recycled material. （分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true of the Japanese? （分数：3.00）A.They live in a crowded c

32、ountry.B.They have recycled all their waste.C.They are very good at recycling.D.They have to share their limited space with rubbish(2).How much waste did the US recycle in 1996? （分数：3.00）A.1.3 million tons.B.27 million tons.C.57 million tons.D.53 million tons.(3).Where can people get a big prize for

33、 contributing to recycling? （分数：3.00）A.Rockford.B.Tokyo.C.Hong Kong.D.London.(4).In Japan, the newspapers collected by children （分数：3.00）A.are given to poor people.B.are used as reading materials.C.are used as prizes.D.are recycled.(5).Which of the following is NOT true of Britain? （分数：3.00）A.It rec

34、ycles 1 out of every 3 newspapers each year.B.It recycles 1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars each yearC.It recycles 1 out of every 3 aluminium cans each year.D.It recycles 1 out of every 4 items of clothing each year.第二篇 Walking Robot Carries a Person The first walking robot capable of carrying

35、 a person unveiled on Friday in Tokyo, Japan. Its creators at Waseda University in Tokyo and the Japanese robotics company Tmsuk hope their two-legged creation will one day enable wheel-chair users to climb up and down the stairs and assist the movement of heavy goods over uneven ground. The battery

36、-powered robot, code-named WL-16, is essentially an aluminium chair mounted on two sets of telescopic poles. The poles are bolted to flat plates which act as feet. WL-16 uses 12 actuators (传动装置) to move forwards, backwards and sideways while carrying an adult weighing up to 60 kilograms (130 pounds)

37、. The robot can adjust its body and walk smoothly even if the person it is carrying shifts in the chair. At present it can only step up or down a few millimeters, but the, team plans to make it capable of dealing with a normal flight of stairs. I believe this bipedal (两足的) robot, which I prefer to c

38、all a two-legged walking chair rather than a wheel-chair, will eventually enable people to go up and down the stairs,“ said Atsuo Takanishi, from Waseda University. “We have had strong robots for some time but usually they have been manipulators, they have not been geared to carrying people around,“

39、 says Ron Arkin, at the Georgia Institute of Technology and robotics consultant for Sony. “But I dont know how safe and how user-friendly WL-16 is.“ Tmsuk chief executive Yoichi Takamoto argues that bipedal or multi-legged robots will be more useful than so-called “caterpillar (毛毛虫) models“ for movi

40、ng over uneven ground. WL-16s normal walking step measures 30 centimetres, but it can stretch its legs to 136 cm apart. The prototype (原型) is currently radio-controlled, but the research team plans to equip it with a stick-like controller for the user in future. Takanishi said it will take “at least

41、 two years“ to develop the WL-16 prototype into a working model. Smaller, ground-hugging (紧贴地面行走的) robots have been developed to pass across tricky ground. One maggot-like (像蛆一样的) device uses a magnetic fluid to pulse its way along, while another snake-like robot uses smart software to devise new mo

42、vement strategies if the landscape affects any one part. One ball-shaped robot even uses a leap-and-bounce approach to travel over rough territory. But none of these are big or strong enough to carry a person too. （分数：15.00）(1).The robot presented to the public on Friday in Tokyo, Japan （分数：3.00）A.s

43、urprised visitors from Waseda University.B.can move up to 60 kilometres per hour.C.can transport heavy goods over uneven groundD.has two legs and is able to carry a person.(2). The researchers plan to make WL-16 capable of （分数：3.00）A.moving up and down the stairs easily.B.turning its head easily.C.u

44、sing a telescope to find the way.D.carrying a person of over 60 kilograms.(3).What does Ron Arkin think of WL-16? （分数：3.00）A.He doesnt think it is useful.B.He thinks it is only a manipulator.C.He thinks it is user-friendly.D.He is unsure of its safety.(4).Which of the following is true of WL-16? （分数

45、：3.00）A.It can only move forwards and backwards.B.It is a caterpillar model.C.It can walk with a step of up to 136 cm.D.It is equipped with a stick-like controller.(5).Which type of robot is NOI mentioned in the last paragraph? （分数：3.00）A.Maggot-like robots.B.Snake-like robots.C.Ball-shaped robots.D

46、.Chair-shaped robots.第三篇 Is the Tie a Necessity? Ties, or neckties, have been a symbol of politeness and elegance in Britain for centuries. But the casual Prime Minister Tony Blair has problems with them. Reports suggest that even the civil servants may stop wearing ties. So, are the famously formal

47、 British really going to abandon the neckties? Maybe. Last week, the UKs Cabinet Secretary Andrew Turnbull openly welcomed a tieless era. Fie hinted that civil servants would soon be free of the costliest 12 inches of fabric that most men ever buy in their lives. In fact, Blair showed this attitude

48、when he had his first guests to a cocktail party. Many of them were celebrities (知名人士) without ties, which would have been unimaginable even in the recent past. For some more conservative British, the tie is a must for proper appearance. Earlier, Labor leader Jim Callaghan said he would have died ra

49、ther than have his children seen in public without a tie. For people like Callaghan, the tie was a sign of being complete, of showing respect. Men were supposed to wear a tie when going to church, to work in the office, to a party - almost every social occasion. But today, people have begun to accept a casual style even for formal occasions. The origin of the tie is tricky. It started as something called simply a “band“. The term could mean anything around a mans neck. It appeared i