职称英语卫生类A级模拟65及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 A级模拟 65及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.I have been trying to quit smoking.（分数：1.00）A.give upB.pick upC.build upD.take up2.Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.（分数：1.00）A.movedB.touchedC.surprisedD.worried3.The weather is a constant subject of conversation in

2、 Britain.（分数：1.00）A.questionB.problemC.titleD.topic4.This is not typical of English, hut is a feature of the Chinese language.（分数：1.00）A.particularB.characteristicC.remarkableD.idiomatic5.It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job.（分数：1.00）A.simplyB.almostC.totallyD.completely6.

3、The boys broke into excited cheering.（分数：1.00）A.burstB.blastedC.burnedD.blazed7.China does a lot of trade with many countries.（分数：1.00）A.a great deal ofB.a great many ofC.a large number ofD.a great level of8.An old friend called on me the day before yesterday.（分数：1.00）A.telephonedB.rangC.visitedD.sa

4、w9.We are going to have the TV fixed .（分数：1.00）A.preparedB.mendedC.cleanedD.arranged10.I am heartily grateful to your help.（分数：1.00）A.helpfulB.hatefulC.delightfulD.thankful11.The manager allocates duties to the clerks.（分数：1.00）A.assignsB.persuadesC.asksD.orders12.The once barren hillsides are now go

5、od farmland.（分数：1.00）A.hairlessB.bareC.emptyD.bald13.It is postulated that a cure for the disease will have been found by the year 2015.（分数：1.00）A.challengedB.assumedC.deductedD.decreed14.We must abide by the rules.（分数：1.00）A.stick toB.persist inC.safeguardD.apply15.From my standpoint , you know, th

6、is thing is just funny.（分数：1.00）A.positionB.point of viewC.knowledgeD.opinion二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Irradiating FoodIrradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other

7、 meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products. Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific

8、 studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection, higher food-safety standards, and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend mill

9、ions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of. All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign

10、 nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients. Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiationgamma ray

11、s, high-energy electrons, and X raysand sets limits on doses, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because

12、of their molecular compositions, may require different doses of radiation.（分数：7.00）(1).According to the passage, killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is not completely approved by the U.S. government.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).There are quite a number of food p

13、rocessors which are interested in producing irritated foods.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods and suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Some companies foresee the promising

14、future of setting up food processing factories, although they do not see the need now.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).It is required that labels placed on irradiated food or nearby bulk items such as vegetables and fruits should indicate irradiated ingredients.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not

15、mentioned(6).Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labeling it.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The passage tells us that FDA approves irradiating food to some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三

16、、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Organ Donation and Transplantation1. Organ donation (捐献) and transplantation (移植) refers to the process by which organs or tissues from one person are put into another person“s body. 2. The number of people needing a transplant continues to rise faster than the number

17、of donors. About 3,700 transplant candidates are added to the national waiting list each month. Each day, about 77 people receive organ transplants. However, about 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that can“t take place because of the shortage of donated organs. 3. There are no age limi

18、ts on who can be an organ donor. Newborns as well as senior citizens have been organ donors. If you are younger than 18, you must have a parent“s or guardian“s consent (同意). If you are 18 yearsold or older, you can show you want to be an organ and tissue donor by signing a donor card. 4. Many people

19、 think that if they agree to donate their organs, the doctor or the emergency room staff won“t work as hard to save their life. This is not true. The transplant team is completely separate from the medical staff working to save your life. The transplant team does not become involved with you until d

20、octors have determined that all possible efforts to save your life have failed. 5. If you need an organ transplant, your doctor will help you get on the national waiting list. Your name will become part of a pool of names. When an organ donor becomes available, all the patients in the pool are compa

21、red to the donor. Factors such as blood and tissue type, size of the organ, medical urgency(紧急) of the patient“s illness, time already spent on the waiting list, and distance between donor and recipient(接受者) are considered.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 A. Quality of Donated Organ B. Benefits of Organ D

22、onation C. Distribution of Donated Organs D. Quality of Donor Medical Care E. Age Limits of Organ Donation F. Status of Organ Donation and Transplantation（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).There is a great demand for 1. A. donated organs B. the

23、 national waiting list C. a donor card D. senior citizens E. all possible efforts F. the most suitable candidate（分数：1.00）(6).Organ donors range in age from newborns to 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Doctors will try their best to save your life even if you“ve signed 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Various factors are considered whe

24、n deciding on 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)U.S. Blacks Hard-Hit by CancerDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans, but black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites, the American Cancer Society said Monday. In a special report on cancer

25、and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease. This could be because of unequal(不平等的)access to medical care, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well, and perhaps because of difference

26、s in the biology (生物学) of the cancer itself, the report added. “In general, black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis,“ the report said. “In describing cancer statistics for black Americans, this report recogni

27、zes that many of the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and unequal access to medical care.“ The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups (体格检查) earlier, when cancer is more treatable, and it said more research is needed t

28、o see if biological differences play a role. “The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair social differences through public policy and education efforts,“ the organization said in a statement. But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates. “Cancer death rates i

29、n both sexes for all sites combined have dropped greatly among black Americans since 1992, as have incidence rates(发生率),“ said the report.（分数：15.00）(1).Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than _.（分数：3.00）A.people in other countriesB.white AmericansC.all other AmericansD.their ancestors(

30、2).Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among the U. S. blacks?（分数：3.00）A.Unequal access to medical care.B.Greater probability of having other diseases.C.Differences in the biology of the cancer.D.Early diagnosis.(3).Cancer is more treatable if it is detected _.（分数：3.00）A.in an ea

31、rly stageB.in a late stageC.all of a suddenD.together with other diseases(4).Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with _.（分数：3.00）A.death ratesB.various cancersC.unfair social differencesD.biological differences(5).Since 1992, cancer death rates among black Americans _.（分数：3.00）A.

32、have been going up and downB.have remained stableC.have increasedD.have fallen六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Desert Between Paul and ClaraPaul had long promised to marry Clara. But at thirty-three be met and married Alice. Clara was driven mad. Paul was taken to court. The judge ordered him to pay Clara $60

33、0 because of the broken promise. Paul had to borrow the money from a moneylender. He agreed to pay back $5 a monthfor twenty years. His wages at the time were $16 a month. Paul and Alice were poor but not unhappy. They had little enough food, certainly, even before the children began to arrive. Each

34、 month Paul paid $5 to the moneylender. He worked hard, never taking a holiday. In time, there were seven mouths to feed. Illness was always with them. It grew serious when the oldest child was eight. The years of hunger weakened the family, because each month Paul paid $5. The details of the sickne

35、ss were ugly, but the result was this: after twelve years of family life, Paul was alone in the world. He lived alone except for memories. Work was not now a god for him: it was a pain- killer. Each month he paid, and in time the twenty years ended. From that moment his wages were his own. One day,

36、it was a holiday went to the seaside. He sat down on a seat by the sea. A middle-aged woman came and sat down near him. They recognized each other at once. The woman said, “The $600 has been in the bank since the day it was paid to me. It is now $6,000, and I have kept it for you. Will you let me sh

37、are it with you?“ “No,“ said Paul, gently. “Each thousand is a lost life in a desert between us. It can never bring any happiness. “（分数：15.00）(1).Paul was ordered to pay Clara $600 because _.（分数：3.00）A.he had borrowed $600 from herB.he had broken his word to marry herC.he had promised to give her $6

38、00D.he had spent a lot of her money(2).How many children did Paul and Alice have?（分数：3.00）A.Two.B.Four.C.Five.D.Eight.(3).Twelve years after his marriage, Paul was _.（分数：3.00）A.poor but not sadB.very sickC.free from debtD.lonely and unhappy(4).After his wife and children died, Paul turned to his wor

39、k to _.（分数：3.00）A.ease his painB.forget his debtC.get pleasureD.seek friendship(5).When Paul met Clara again 20 years later, he decided _.（分数：3.00）A.to share the $600 with herB.not to marry herC.to ask back the $600D.not to refuse her offer七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Florence Nightingale was born in Floren

40、ce, Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in Europe. As a child, she traveled to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages. When Nightingale was 17, she told her family that she was going to help sick people. Her parents did not approve, but Nightingale

41、 was determined. She traveled to hospitals all over Europe. She saw that doctors were working too hard. She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care. Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people. Nightingale knew that in order for nurses

42、 to do more, they needed special training in how to take care of sick people. Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing. Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During Illness. These women cared for sick people in their homes. In 1854,

43、England was fighting a war with Russia. Warreporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded. People demanded that something be done about it. A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals. So, in November 185

44、4, Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital. She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself. At first, the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals. They did not believe that women could help. But in fact, the nurses did make a difference. Th

45、ey worked around the clock, tending the sick. Thanks to their hard work, many wounded soldiers survived. After the war, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes. Finally, in 1860, she started the Nightingale School for Nurses. In time, thanks to Florence Nightingale, nursing became an imp

46、ortant part of medicine.（分数：15.00）(1).Florence Nightingale was born into a rich _.（分数：3.00）A.Italian familyB.Russian familyC.English familyD.German family(2).Nightingale“s parents did not approve of her decision _.（分数：3.00）A.to work as a doctorB.to care for sick peopleC.to fight in the war with Russ

47、iaD.to travel to hospitals all over Europe(3).It was not until the War with Russia that Nightingale _.（分数：3.00）A.got to work in a hospitalB.began to study nursingC.started to care for sick people in their homesD.became the head of Gentlewomen During Illness(4).On the battlefields Nightingale and her

48、 nurses proved to be _.（分数：3.00）A.as bad as the doctors had expectedB.quite generousC.less than usefulD.very helpful(5).Nightingale played a great role in _.（分数：3.00）A.the building of war hospitalsB.the education of womenC.the development of nursingD.the improvement of working conditions for women八、

49、第 5部分：补全对话(总题数：1，分数：10.00)All of US Have Felt PainWe have cut ourselves. We have been burned. Or we have had headaches. Some of us suffer pain rarely pain rarely. 1 Pain can take complete control of our body and mind, making it impossible to move and even to think. Yet we need pain. Without it, we would not know if we have hurt ourselves. It is our body“s warning system. 2 Pain is the most common reason we go to a doctor. It is the most common reason we take medicines. Until recently, however, most doctors knew of only a few d