职称英语卫生类A级模拟62及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 A级模拟 62及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.We are sure that he will get over his illness.（分数：1.00）A.certainB.awareC.happyD.determined2.The policemen acted quickly because lives were at stake .（分数：1.00）A.in despairB.in dangerC.in miseryD.in pain3.If headaches only occur

2、at night, lack of fresh air is often the cause.（分数：1.00）A.startB.beginC.happenD.visit4.The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.（分数：1.00）A.sufferB.acceptC.receiveD.support5.A small number of firms have ceased trading.（分数：1.00）A.completedB.finishedC.fulfilledD.stopped6.She was sent a

3、box of chocolates along with a letter saying she was fired .（分数：1.00）A.killedB.shotC.dismissedD.murdered7.The mountains look glorious at sunrise.（分数：1.00）A.invitingB.magnificentC.appealingD.pleasing8.It seems highly unlikely that she will pass the exam.（分数：1.00）A.veryB.completelyC.usuallyD.mostly9.T

4、heir parents once lived under very severe conditions.（分数：1.00）A.soundB.hardC.strictD.tight10.Michael is now merely a good friend.（分数：1.00）A.largelyB.barelyC.justD.rarely11.Can we resume the meeting?（分数：1.00）A.stopB.beginC.startD.continue12.The movie has a satisfying ending.（分数：1.00）A.pleasingB.sadC.

5、interestingD.horrific13.He tended his grandmother in the hospital.（分数：1.00）A.looked forB.took care ofC.kept upD.cared for14.Keep your room tidy .（分数：1.00）A.messyB.organizedC.beautifulD.neat15.The bad news upset me very much.（分数：1.00）A.disturbedB.saddenedC.angeredD.disappointed二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7

6、.00)BreakfastStudies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school, It doesn“t take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well, Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to sk

7、ip (故意略去) breakfast. If we don“t eat breakfast, we are likely to become fired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempere

8、d, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day. People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip m

9、eals, but that isn“t a good idea. The body expects to be refueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast. A healthy breakfast should contain some protein (蛋白质) and some fiber (纤维). Protein can come from meat, eggs, beans, or soy (大豆). Fiber can be found in whole cereals (谷物), grains or

10、 in fruits. A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk.（分数：7.00）(1).Adults who eat breakfast will perform better at work.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).It is okay to skip breakfast if yo

11、u work at home.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Men are more likely to skip breakfast than women.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).A person who skips breakfast is more likely to eat unhealthily at lunch.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Skipping breakfast is a good strategy

12、for losing weight.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).A simple breakfast cannot be a healthy breakfast.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).People who eat breakfast are seldom in a bad mood.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Electromagnetic Energy1. Whit

13、e light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kinds of

14、 energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy. 2. The sun is 98 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space. 3. Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, telev

15、ision, and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared (红外线的) radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. U

16、ltraviolet rays (红外线) and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease or

17、ganisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones. 4. Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic

18、energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water fails to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from t

19、he sun, too. 5. Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into ener

20、gy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed (利用) by man. Chemical energy comes from electron (电子) rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more ener

21、gy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the sun“s energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium (氦). 6. Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large sh

22、ips. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 3 1 A. Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Sun“s Energy B. The Most Important Source of Energy C. Types of Electromagnetic Energy D. X-rays Are Used to Detect and Treat Cancer E. S

23、eeking New Sources of Energy F. Nuclear Energy is Beginning to Compete with Coal（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 6 1（分数：1.00）(5).Visible light that produce warmth is an example of 1. A. electromagnetic energy B. electromagnetic energy travels through space C

24、. came from the sun D. when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place E. when the sunrays are fierce F. chemical energy is generated（分数：1.00）(6).We can use energy from the sun because 1.（分数：1.00）(7).The energy stored in coal 1.（分数：1.00）(8). 1 when electron rearrangement takes place.（分数：1.00）四、第

25、 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Thirst for OilWorldwide every day, we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of Oil. Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun. In fact enough energy from the Sun hits the planet“s surface each minute to cover our needs for an enti

26、re year, we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle, this will change, and we will need to cure our addiction to oil. Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the steam-driven industrial revolution, w

27、hen energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover orle quarter of our energy needs, but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil. Coal is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel, but could

28、 make a comeback, as supplies are still plentiful; its reserves are five times larger than oil“s. Today petroleum, a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to produce petrol, diesel oil and various other chemical substances, provides around 40% of the world“s energy needs,

29、 mostly fuelling automobiles. The US consumes a quarter of all oil, and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions. The majority of oil Comes from the Middle East, which has half of known reserves. But other significant sources include Russia, North America, Norway, Venezuela and the

30、 North Sea. Alaska“s Arctic National Wildlife Refugel could be a major new US source, to reduce reliance on foreign imports. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years, though opinions and estimates vary. We could fast reach an energy crisis in the next few decad

31、es, when demand exceeds supply. As conventional reserves become more difficult to access, others such as oil shares and tar sands may be used instead. Petrol could also be obtained from coal. Since we started using fossil fuels, we have released 400 billion tonnes of carbon, and burning the entire r

32、eserves could eventually raise world temperatures by 13. Among other horrors, this would result in the destruction of all rainforests and tile inching of all Arctic ice.（分数：15.00）(1).“.we will need to cure our addiction to oil.“ Why does the author say so?（分数：3.00）A.Most of the energy on Earth comes

33、 from the Sun.B.Oil supply is increasing all the time.C.Demand for oil is increasing all the time.D.Oil supply is decreasing.(2).Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.Wood wets the fuel of choice before coal.B.The use of coal is de

34、clining.C.Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next to oil.D.Coal reserves are plentiful and will be likely to become the major fuel of choice.(3).Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum?（分数：3.00）A.The United States.B.Russia.C.Norway.D.Venezuela.(4).What do experts say about t

35、he earth“s fuel reserves?（分数：3.00）A.The earth“s fuel reserves will be accessible for the next 50 years.B.There will soon be an energy crisis.C.Conventional reserves wilt soon become inaccessible.D.Fuel demand will decline.(5).What is NOT the result of consuming fossil fuels according to the last par

36、agraph?（分数：3.00）A.Rainforests will be destroyed.B.Arctic ice will be melted.C.The earth“s temperature will be raised.D.The sea level will go up.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Explorer of the Extreme DeepOceans cover more than two-thirds of our planet. Yet, just a small fraction of the underwater world has bee

37、n explored. Now, Scientists at the Woods Holel Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Massachusetts are building an underwater vehicle hat will carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters (21,320 feet). The new machine, known as a manned submersible or human-operated vehicle (HOV), will replace another one

38、 named Alvin which bas an amazing record of discovery, playing a key role in various important and famous undersea expeditions. Alvin has been operating for 40 years but can go down only 4,500 meters (14,784 feet). It“s about time for an upgrade, WHOI researchers say. Alvin was launched in 1964. Sin

39、ce then, Alvin has worked between 200 and 250 days a year, says Daniel Fornari, a marine geologist and director of the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI. During its lifetime, Alvin has carried some 12,000 people on a total of more than 3,000 dives. A newer, better versions of Alvin is bound t

40、o reveal even more surprises about a world that is still full of mysteries, Fornari says. It might also make the job of exploration a little easier. “We take so much for granted on land,“ Fornari says. “We can walk around and see with our eyes how big things are. We can see colors, special arrangeme

41、nts.“ Size-wise, the new HOV will be similar to Alvin. It“ll be about 37 feet long. The setting area inside will be a small sphere, about 8 feet wide, like Alvin, it“ll carry a pilot and two passengers. It will be just as maneuverable. In most other ways, it will give passengers more opportunities t

42、o enjoy the view, for one thing. Alvin has only three windows, the new vehicle will have five, with more overlap so that the passengers and the pilot can see the same thing. Alvin can go up and down at a rate of 30 meters every second, and its maximum speed is 2 knots (about 2.3 miles per hour), whi

43、le the new vehicle will be able to ascend and descend at 44 meters per second. It“ll reach speeds of 3 knots, or 3.5 miles per hour.（分数：15.00）(1).What is Alvin?（分数：3.00）A.A research institute.B.A transporting vehicle.C.A submersible.D.A scientist.(2).Which of the following statements is NOT a fact a

44、bout Alvin?（分数：3.00）A.It can carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters.B.It has played a key role in various important undersea expeditions.C.It was launched in the sixties of the twentieth century.D.It has been used for more than 40 years.(3).“.a world that is still full of mysteries“ refers to（分数：3.

45、00）A.the earth.B.out space.C.the ocean.D.Mars.(4).In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar?（分数：3.00）A.Size.B.Speed.C.Capacity.D.Shape.(5).In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different?（分数：3.00）A.Offering better views.B.Speed.C.Size.D.Both A and B.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Where Have All th

46、e Bees Gone?Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their hands. All across the country, honeybees are leaving their hives and never returning. Researchers call this phenomenon colony-collapse disorder. According to surveys of bee keepers across the country, 25 to 40 percent of the honey

47、bees in the United States have vanished from their hives since last fall. So far, no one can explain why. Colony collapse is a serious concern because bees play an important role in the production of about one-third of the foods we eat. As they feed, honeybees spread pollen from flower to flower. Wi

48、thout this process, a plant can“t produce seeds or fruits. Now, a group of scientists and beekeepers have teamed up to try to figure out what“s causing the alarming collapse of so many colonies. By sharing their expertise in honeybee behavior, health, and nutrition, team members hope to find out wha

49、t“s contributing to the decline and to prevent bee disappearance in the future. It could be that disease is causing the disappearance of the bees. To explore that possibility, Jay Evans, a researcher at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Bee Research Laboratory, examines bees taken from colonies that are collapsing. “We know what a healthy bee should look like on the inside, and we can look for physical signs of disease,“ he says. And bees from collapsing colonies don“t look very healthy. “Their stomachs are worn down, compared to the stomachs of healthy bees,“ Evans says. It