职称英语卫生类A级分类模拟6及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 A级分类模拟 6及答案解析(总分：100.05，做题时间：90 分钟)一、完形填空(总题数：3，分数：100.00)Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart AttackGerman researchers have 1 a new generation of defibrillators and early warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection 2 sudden death from cardiac arrest. In German

2、y alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases 3 by disruption to the heart“s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have 4 suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing 5 disruptions to heart r

3、hythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices 6 a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker. Heart specialists at Freiburg“s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator 7 of generating a six channel electrocardiogram

4、(ECG) within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of 7 blood flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new com

5、puter software that renders of ECG data 8 . The overwhelming 9 of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. “Many of the current programs only 10 into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use 11 a non-linear

6、process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,“ Hagen Knaf says. “ 12 changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.“ An old study of ECG data, based 13 600 patients who had suffered a subsequen

7、t heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show 14 the new software evaluates the data considerably better.（分数：30.00）A.come upB.come up withC.come up toD.come up againstA.toB.forC.withD.fromA.are causedB.causedC.are to causeD.have been causingA.easilyB.readilyC.frequentlyD.alrea

8、dyA.disease producingB.health improvingC.life threateningD.error correctingA.take inB.take afterC.take onD.take fromA.capableB.ableC.skillfulD.skilledA.chronicB.acuteC.recurrentD.persistentA.preciselyB.more preciselyC.precisionD.more preciseA.maximumB.minimumC.majorityD.minorityA.getB.takeC.bringD.f

9、etchA.ofB.withC.forD.inA.SimilarlyB.In this mannerC.OtherwiseD.In this wayA.inB.forC.uponD.withA.whatB.whereC.thatD.whenExerciseWhether or not exercise adds 16 the length of life, it is common experience that a certain 17 of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-bein

10、g. Furthermore, exercise 18 involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial. How much and what kind of exercise one should 19 merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill

11、 with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the 20 of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with 21 of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is 22 vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question 23 to ans

12、wer. Individual variability is 24 great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit for exercise 25 on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which i

13、t is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will 26 as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be 27 periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The 28 is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion. What

14、type of exercise one should 29 depends upon one“s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participat

15、e 30 throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.（分数：30.00）A.forB.toC.atD.ofA.heavinessB.highnessC.amountD.numberA.whichB.whereC.whenD.whyA.carryB.makeC.bringD.takeA.pointB.placeC.leftD.reverseA.theseB.thisC.thoseD.thatA.againstB.belowC.on

16、D.ofA.easyB.hardC.impossibleD.unnecessaryA.veryB.tooC.constantlyD.considerablyA.dependsB.basesC.actsD.carriesA.referB.regardC.serveD.treatA.delayedB.defendedC.designedD.determinedA.otherB.anotherC.oneD.sameA.endureB.chooseC.rebuildD.produceA.withB.fromC.inD.onHealthy FoodStreet sellers, particularly

17、 in developing countries, supply large amounts of food 31 people on low incomes. This sector (部门) also employs some 6%25% of the work force, mainly women, in developing countries, and provides markets for agricultural and other produce. In many countries, 32 , the authorities are not willing to reco

18、gnize it as a formal sector of the food 33 system; they may ignore it in food control programs or even try to put an end to 34 . There are two possible contaminants (污染物): pathogenic (病原) micro-organisms (微生物) 35 harmful chemicals. As 36 as micro-organisms are concerned, there is apparently no convi

19、ncing evidence that street foods are more involved in the transmission of infection than foods obtained in，e.g. hotels. Studies in Egypt and elsewhere have found street foods to compare not unfavorably with hotel 37 in respect of contamination with micro-organisms. Some street foods were found to be

20、 contaminated with pathogens (病原菌), but so were foods from four, and five-star 38 in the same area. Harmful chemicals have been found in street foods，and food exposed for sale on roadsides, may become 39 by lead from vehicle exhausts. Health dangers may arise from: purchase of raw materials of 40 qu

21、ality; improper storage, processing, and cooking, leading 41 reuse of water; limited piped drinking-water; lack of refrigeration (冷藏); unsatisfactory waste-disposal facilities; and personal cleanliness. The authorities should 42 into account the potentials of different categories of food for transmi

22、tting disease, and should set appropriate standards of control for the different categoriessellers of bottled drinks require less control than those of food. Dry foods, dried grains, and sugared foods are 43 likely to transmit disease than cooked rice, low-acid milk, egg, and meat products. 44 , foo

23、ds which are thoroughly cooked and eaten at 45 are safer than precooked food kept at high temperatures for several hours.（分数：40.05）A.forB.onC.byD.atA.butB.howeverC.besidesD.moreoverA.choiceB.processingC.supplyD.productionA.themB.thoseC.himD.itA.andB.orC.butD.yetA.soonB.farC.muchD.manyA.servicesB.kit

24、chensC.hygieneD.foodsA.hotelsB.housesC.buildingsD.generalsA.supportedB.enrichedC.contaminatedD.washedA.heavyB.clearC.highD.poorA.toB.aboutC.fromD.aroundA.useB.thinkC.takeD.workA.highlyB.neverC.notD.lessA.CertainlyB.InterestinglyC.SurprisinglyD.SimilarlyA.onceB.twiceC.callD.work职称英语卫生类 A级分类模拟 6答案解析(总

25、分：100.05，做题时间：90 分钟)一、完形填空(总题数：3，分数：100.00)Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart AttackGerman researchers have 1 a new generation of defibrillators and early warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection 2 sudden death from cardiac arrest. In Germany alone around 100,000

26、people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases 3 by disruption to the heart“s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have 4 suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing 5 disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting t

27、hem automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices 6 a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker. Heart specialists at Freiburg“s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator 7 of generating a six channel electrocardiogram (ECG) within the body.

28、This integrated system allows early diagnosis of 7 blood flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that ren

29、ders of ECG data 8 . The overwhelming 9 of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. “Many of the current programs only 10 into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use 11 a non-linear process that reveals th

30、e chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,“ Hagen Knaf says. “ 12 changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.“ An old study of ECG data, based 13 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled

31、 the researchers to compare risks and to show 14 the new software evaluates the data considerably better.（分数：30.00）A.come upB.come up with C.come up toD.come up against解析：解析 此题考查固定搭配，come up with：引起，产生。故 B为正确答案。A.toB.forC.withD.from 解析：解析 protection 与它的动词形式 protect-样，后面跟介词 from或 against，意为“起保护作用以免于”

32、，其他介词均不合适。A.are caused B.causedC.are to causeD.have been causing解析：解析 此处的谓语动词必须使用被动语态，因为主语 many of these cases指的是“病人”、“病例”，应该是“被引起的”，故 A为正确答案。A.easilyB.readilyC.frequentlyD.already 解析：解析 此处要填的副词应该表示“已经”的意思，完成时态的谓语已经起了提示作用，A 项、B 项都是“容易”的意思，C 项是“经常”的意思，均不合适。故 D为正确答案。A.disease producingB.health improvi

33、ngC.life threatening D.error correcting解析：解析 上文提到 disruption to the heart“s rhythm每年引起很多人死亡，可知它会对人的生命产生威胁，故 C为正确答案。A.take inB.take afterC.take on D.take from解析：解析 此题考查固定搭配，take on：承担，符合上下文意思，take in：接受，接收；take after:仿效；take from：削减。A.capable B.ableC.skillfulD.skilled解析：解析 A 项和 B项均有“能够”的意思，但用法不同，分别是

34、capable of (doing) sth. 和 able to do sth.，故 A项是正确答案。C、D 项均表示“熟练的、有技能的”，但后面都要用介词 in，且在此处词义不合适。A.chronicB.acute C.recurrentD.persistent解析：解析 上下文的意思是“的血液流通问题和即将发生的心脏病”，后面这一部分为前面这个空白暗示了必须填 acute：急性的。chronic：慢性的；recurrent：复发性的；persistent：持久性的。A.preciselyB.more precisely C.precisionD.more precise解析：解析 此处应

35、填入副词比较级的形式。A.maximumB.minimumC.majority D.minority解析：解析 选项 A和 B分别指最大量、最小量或最高值、最低值，而选项 C和选项 D则指多数和少数。由于前面已有 overwhelming(压倒性的)提示，故只能用 majority。A.getB.take C.bringD.fetch解析：解析 此题考查固定搭配，take into account：考虑，重视。其他几个动词都不与 into account搭配。A.of B.withC.forD.in解析：解析 此题考查固定搭配，make use of：利用，故 A为正确答案。A.Similar

36、lyB.In this mannerC.OtherwiseD.In this way 解析：解析 四个选项中 A、B 项均是“同样地”的意思，C 项放句首时，一般是“否则的话”的意思，这些与上下文所要表达的意思均不吻合，因为前面并没有提到什么方法可作比较，故只有 D项“用这种方法”比较合适。A.inB.forC.upon D.with解析：解析 base sth. on/upon 是固定短语，表示“建立在基础上”，此处用过去分词短语作 old study的定语，除了 on/upon以外，其他介词都与其不搭配。A.whatB.whereC.that D.when解析：解析 此处空白需要一个能引导

37、宾语从句的连接词。从宾语从句的结构看，它的句子是完整的，所以填 that作为连接词就行了，其他三项均要充当从句中的句子成分，且有一定意义，故不合适。ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds 16 the length of life, it is common experience that a certain 17 of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise 18 involves play and

38、recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial. How much and what kind of exercise one should 19 merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. Th

39、ey fatigue to the 20 of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with 21 of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is 22 vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question 23 to answer. Individual variability is 24 great to per

40、mit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit for exercise 25 on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however,

41、will 26 as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be 27 periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The 28 is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion. What type of exercise one should 29 depends upon on

42、e“s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate 30 throughout life. Regularity is important

43、if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.（分数：30.00）A.forB.to C.atD.of解析：解析 此题考查固定搭配，add to：增加，且符合上下文的意思。故 B为正确答案。A.heavinessB.highnessC.amount D.number解析：解析 在四个选项中，A 和 B显然不符合逻辑，可供考虑的只有 C和 D。需要考虑的是，exercise这个词，如果作为“体育锻炼”讲是不可数名词，只有作为“一项运动”讲时才是可数名词，根据上下文意思，exercise 不是用来强调体育项目的(没有

44、用复数)，而 amount正好与不可数名词连用，number 则须与可数名词连用，故 C为正确答案。A.which B.whereC.whenD.why解析：解析 从语法上分析，主句主语 exercise的谓语应该是 is not only pleasant but beneficial，中间显然应该是一个定语从句，定语从句所缺少的是主语，故 A为正确答案。A.carryB.makeC.bringD.take 解析：解析 从语法上分析，one should+动词应该是前面那个主语的定语从句，只是定语从句的宾语which/that被省略了，而四个选项中只有 take可与 exercise搭配，故

45、 D为正确答案。A.point B.placeC.leftD.reverse解析：解析 point 这个词，既可表达时间(时刻)或空间(地点)，也可表达“程度”之意，to the point of正是“达到的地步/程度”的意思，符合上下文要求。故 A为正确答案。A.theseB.thisC.those D.that解析：解析 空白后面的 of middle age and beyond提示了要填的词应该是指“人”，而且不止一个人，从上下文看，these 显然不合适，因为上文并没有特指哪些人，故 C为正确答案。A.againstB.belowC.onD.of 解析：解析 本句中 1s后面应该是表

46、语部分，四个选项中只有 of合适，of importance=important, of vital importance=very important。A.easyB.hard C.impossibleD.unnecessary解析：解析 从语法上分析，这个空需要填上一个形容词作 question的定语，从上下文分析，只有hard合适，因为这里的 hard=difficult。A.veryB.too C.constantlyD.considerably解析：解析 前句提到，“不同年龄的人从事多少运动是一个难以回答的问题”，显然本句想表达的意思应该是“个人的差异太大，无法一概而论”，因此 to

47、o是最恰当的。我们都知道，too.to.的结构具有否定的意义，too great to permit of generalization 正是这个意思。故 B为正确答案。A.depends B.basesC.actsD.carries解析：解析 四个选项都可以与 on搭配，depend on：依靠；act on：按照行动；carry on：继续；base是及物动词，base sth. on。足有 A符合文意。A.referB.regardC.serve D.treat解析：解析 此题考查固定搭配，serve as：当作、充当。故 C为正确答案。A.delayedB.defendedC.desi

48、gnedD.determined 解析：解析 此题考查固定搭配，be determined by：由决定。故 D为正确答案。A.other B.anotherC.oneD.same解析：解析 前面说到有两个一般性的建议，并且已提到 first，那么二者中的另一个用 other。A.endureB.choose C.rebuildD.produce解析：解析 四个选项中 A、C、D 三个选项的意思与上下文相去甚远，只有 B项合适。one should choose是前面主语的定语从句，定语从句中省略了引导词 that或 which。A.withB.fromC.in D.on解析：解析 四个选项中

49、只有 in可与 participate连用，意为“参加”，in 的宾语是引导定语从句的关系代词 that。Healthy FoodStreet sellers, particularly in developing countries, supply large amounts of food 31 people on low incomes. This sector (部门) also employs some 6%25% of the work force, mainly women, in developing countries, and provides markets for agricultural and other produce. In many countries, 32 , the authorities are not willing to recognize it as a formal sector of the food 33 system; they may ignore it in food control programs or ev