职称英语卫生类A级-52及答案解析.doc

《职称英语卫生类A级-52及答案解析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《职称英语卫生类A级-52及答案解析.doc（47页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、职称英语卫生类 A 级-52 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The story that my grandpa told me was very Utouching/U. A. inspiring B. boring C. moving D. frightening（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The commercial telephone service was no longer Uoperative/U. A. creative B. moving C. rotating D. wor

2、king（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The scientists are exploring the area in hopes of finding new Ustores/U of underground oil, which can serve as an outlet for the energy crisis. A. styles B. varieties C. supplies D. shops（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.My father always takes a Ustroll/U for a while after supper. A. walk B.

3、 rest C. bath D. breath（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Many factory workers find their jobs Utiresome/U. A. difficult B. pointless C. profitable D. boring（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.I think the new Ustrategy/U our manager came up with wont work in the market. A. manner B. battle C. management D. tactic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.

4、The new apartment had many drawbacks, most Unotably/U its price. A. noticeably B. remarkably C. particularly D. significantly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The conference was Uhailed/U as a great success. A. published B. challenged C. acclaimed D. guided（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.A Uturbulent/U storm was a major factor

5、 in the defeat of the Spanish Armada. A. noxious B. violent C. mysterious D. pathetic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Pure feldspar is a colorless, transparent mineral, but impurities Ucommonly/U make it opaque and colorful. A. truly B. rapidly C. periodically D. frequently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Only those who work

6、ed here for more than five years are Ueligible/U for the special payment. A. encouraged B. enforced C. expected D. entitled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Fine freshwater pearls are found in the main stream and the Utributaries/U of the Mississippi River. A. banks B. deltas C. branches D. currents（分数：1.00）A.B.C

7、.D.13.The Ushabby/U treatment from his colleagues made him very angry. A. unforgettable B. unbelievable C. unfair D. unthinkable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.His eyes Uwidened/U in surprise after hearing the news. A. extended B. stretched C. broadened D. traversed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.A series of rifle shots di

8、sturbed the Utranquility/U of the camp grounds. A. solidarity B. peacefulness C. equanimity D. propinquity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Beyond the PapScientists have known for some time that virtually all cases of cervical cancer are triggered by a family of viruses called human pa

9、pillomavirus, or HPV. Most women who become infected with HPV are able to shake off the virus and suffer no apparent long-term consequences to their health. But a few women develop a persistent infection that can, for reasons that are not entirely clear, eventually lead to cancerous changes in the c

10、ervix.Now researchers at the Digene Corp. of Beltsville, Maryland, have developed a test that detects an active HPV infection by looking for its genetic byproducts in the vagina. The HPV test was better than the standard Pap test at finding cervical cancer at any stage, according to two studies publ

11、ished this month in the Journal of the American Medical Association. So far, so good. Unfortunately, the tests false-positive ratehow often it indicated that there was a problem when none existedwas almost twice as high as that for the Pap smear. In these cases, a biopsy of the womans cervix showed

12、no sign of disease.And thats the crux of the problem. How many women should undergo what is, when it comes right down to it, unnecessary treatment to find a few more cases of cervical cancer? Shouldnt health officials focus instead on making sure that more women undergo regular Pap-smear examination

13、s? After all, Pap smears, though far from perfect, have helped dramatically lower the death toll from cervical cancer, taking it from the No.1 cause of death due to cancer in American women to the 10th.Complicating matters is the fact that HPV is a very common infection. In some parts of the US as m

14、any as half of all women under age 35 have an active case. Yet 99 out of 100 women who are HPV-positive will never get cervical cancer, estimates Dr. Joanna Cain, vice president of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. “If those 99 women live their lives as if theyre going to deve

15、lop cancer,“ she says, “were not necessarily doing them any good.“At present, the HPV test is approved in the US only to help resolve ambiguous results from a Pap-smear test. Many gynecologists believe that HPV will eventually replace the Pap. But theyre not willing to abandon it without a lot more

16、detailed information and neither should you.（分数：7.00）(1).The cause of cervical cancer was discovered by American scientists some time ago. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Only a few cases of HPV infection will lead to cancerous changes in the cervix. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not m

17、entioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The HPV test was better than the standard Pap test in every aspect. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Pap smears have contributed to the promotion of health of many women. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Cervical cancer used to

18、 be the No.1 killer cancer to women in America. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Dr. Cain is against alarming the majority of women who, though HPV-positive, are unlikely to develop cervical cancer. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).The author believes that

19、 HPV will eventually replace the Pap. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Optimists Really Do Live Longer, Say Scientists1 For the philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer optimism was fundamentally wrong, banal and corrupting while the father of psychoanalysi

20、s Sigmund Freud simply declared it to be neurotic.2 Experience shows that looking on the bright side of life does have advantages and recent scientific evidence points to the positive mindset as being beneficial to health. In other words, optimists live longer.3 That was the conclusion reached by ex

21、perts at the Mayo Clinic in the US State of Minnesota who evaluated answers given by people to a set of questions in the 1960s. Of the 729 candidates, 200 had died and according to scientists, there were a disproportionate number of pessimists among them.4 Ten points more on the pessimism scalethat

22、was the difference between “slightly pessimistic“ and “averagely pessimistic“were enough to boost a persons chances of dying by 19 percent, according to the study by prominent psychologist Martin Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania.5 The study does not say why pessimists die. But an older sur

23、vey taken among children in San Francisco and Los Angeles makes it clear that personal attitude towards the world is a key factor in the longevity equation.6 The latest evidence to support the theory that optimists tend to cope better with illness of all kinds has been provided by Professor Ralf Sch

24、warzer of Berlins Free University who questioned 600 heart and lung patients. His conclusion: Optimists recover more swiftly from operations than their pessimistic counterparts, tend to be happier after treatment and return to work more swiftly.7 There have been suggestions that optimists do not sta

25、y healthier but rather turn into optimists later because they enjoy good health. Numerous surveys have taken into account a persons state of health at the outset and the effect remains the same.8 Studies have shown that optimists do not blind themselves to reality either. They thus interpret it in a

26、 positive way. “Sublimating and denying things tend to alter reality but illusions are a way of seeing reality in the best light,“ said Californian psychology professor Shelley Taylor.9 German science journal Bild der Wissenschaft, which carries a major article on the topic in its current March issu

27、e, commented on “the right attitude“ to having a tumor.10 It seems psychotherapy can go some way towards extending the life span and life quality of a sick person although a complete recovery using psychological technique alone is unlikely.11 Doctors like, however, to point to the example of US cycl

28、ing professional Lance Armstrong, who was seriously ill with cancer, but whose unshakeable optimism helped him to take the top trophy twice at cyclings premier Tour de France.12 The magazine also quoted a study by Sheldon Cohens of the Carnegie-Mellon-University in Pittsburgh: 420 volunteers were de

29、liberately infected with strains of various common cold viruses. A day later checks were carried out to see who had caught a cold.13 The results showed that in the case of people who had satisfactory, long-term relations with friends, neighbors or colleagues, the virus was less likely to trigger a c

30、old. Of people with three or fewer firm relationships 62 percent became ill compared with only 35 percent of those who had six or more close human links.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Quicker Recovery From Illness B. Personal Attitude Counts C. Relationship Between Good Health and Optimism D. A Positive Way of Und

31、erstanding Reality E. Optimism and Pessimism F. Optimists with Illusions Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 6 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 7 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 8 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A. to avoid unpleasant things in life B. in looking on the bright side of life C. less like

32、ly to catch cold D. how one looks on life E. to be unhappy all the time F. more likely to get cancer Some scholars did not believe _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).How long one can live, partly depends on _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).An optimist does not necessarily try _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).An experiment showed that

33、 optimists were _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)SaunaCeremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Firms have perfected the steam bath, or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by po

34、uring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat bath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome and pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges.The earliest saunas were

35、probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A

36、few people today say that the smoke sauna, “savusauna“, is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving. Those wit

37、h muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion and speed recovery ti

38、me. The bodys core temperature usually rises 1-2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying “feed a cold, starve a fever“. The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.Sauna is good

39、for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the bodys physiological mechanisms w

40、ill quickly restore proper volumes. The cardiovascular system gets a work out as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100-150 beats per minute.A normal heart can handle these stresses but

41、those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctors advice. The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting o

42、ut should take short sessions at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.（分数：15.00）(1).Ceremonial bathing _. A. is called the sauna by Finns B. is equivalent to the steam bath C. has various forms D. is held in an enclosed room（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is understood by some people to be the

43、true sauna experience? A. Saunas in underground caves. B. Saunas with smoke. C. Saunas using wood burning stoves. D. Saunas using electric stoves.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the third paragraph, saunas can do all of the following EXCEPT _. A. reducing the chance of getting cold B. speeding rec

44、overy C. relieving stress D. curing asthma（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the fourth paragraph, sauna gives the skin a healthy glow because _. A. pores are cleaned by sweat B. water is lost by sweating C. blood moves to the surface for heat exchange D. the heart pumps harder and faster（分数：3.00）A.B

45、.C.D.(5).Who are advised not to take a sauna? A. Elderly people. B. Pregnant women. C. People with heart trouble. D. All of the above.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Harmless RevengeRevenge is one of those things that everyone enjoys. People dont like to talk about it, though. Just the same

46、, there is nothing more satisfying or more rewarding than revenge. The purpose is not to harm your victims but to let them know that you are upset about something that they are doing to you. Careful plotting can provide you with relief from bothersome co-workers, gossiping friends, or nagging family

47、 members.Co-workers who make comments about the fact that you are always fifteen minutes late for work can be taken care of very simply. All you have to do is get up extra early one day. Before the sun comes up, drive to each coworkers house. Reach under the hood of your coworkers ear and disconnect

48、 the center wire that leads to the distributor cap, the ear will be unharmed, but it will not Start, and your friends at work will all be late for work on the same day. If youre lucky, your boss might notice that you are the only one there and will give you a raise.Gossiping friends at school are also perfect targets