职称英语(综合类)22及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语(综合类)22 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Limestone that can be highly polished is (termed) marble.（分数：-1.00）A.improved byB.similar toC.known asD.substituted for2.Mr. Jackson wants to (give out) this news as soon as possible.（分数：-1.00）A.announceB.emitC.explainD.finish3.If wool is put into hot water,

2、 it tends to (shrink).（分数：-1.00）A.smellB.fadeC.hardenD.contract4.This book (embraces) many subjects.（分数：-1.00）A.adoptsB.coversC.pressesD.accepts5.Because of her rudeness to customers, the waitress has been (fired).（分数：-1.00）A.expiredB.resignedC.designedD.dismissed6.My little daughter kept pulling my

3、 hair and I was really (annoyed).（分数：-1.00）A.angryB.hurtC.troubledD.stimulating7.The Department of Resources notified the town council that the water supply was (contaminated).（分数：-1.00）A.cutB.dangerousC.divertedD.polluted8.When he arrived home, he (deposited) his coat on the floor.（分数：-1.00）A.keptB

4、.locatedC.storedD.placed9.Comets are still regarded with (fright) by some people.（分数：-1.00）A.dreadB.concernC.detachmentD.resentment10.He (selected) a birthday present for his daughter.（分数：-1.00）A.collectedB.composedC.choseD.found11.Experiments enable young scientists to judge accurately what must be

5、 accepted and what must be viewed with (suspicion).（分数：-1.00）A.doubtB.beliefC.curiosityD.judgment12.The kinds of the oil use (affect) your health.（分数：-1.00）A.causeB.fancyC.influenceD.increase13.It was very hard to (grasp) what he actually meant.（分数：-1.00）A.controlB.reachC.catch on toD.scope on14.The

6、 (course) of the Korean War was bitter, bloody and frustrating.（分数：-1.00）A.battleB.durationC.outcomeD.whole15.The U.S was in 1850 a (divided) nation half slave and half free.（分数：-1.00）A.alliedB.combinedC.unitedD.separateUnited Nations A major segment of the Untied Nations is the General Assembly, wh

7、ich consists of representatives from all governments that have ratified the UN Charter. As of 1995,185 states had membership in the general Assembly. Additionally, the Vatican, Switzerland, and the Palestine Liberation Organization have nonvoting observer status in the General Assembly. The General

8、Assembly approves the UNs budget, acts with the Security Council to select the Secretary-general and judges of the International Court of Justice, and passes resolutions on issues ranging from self-determination and colonialism to womens rights and the global distribution of wealth. The General Asse

9、mbly can meet and vote on any subject, unless the Security Council is dealing with it (or at least pretending to). However, its decisions only carry moral forceunlike the Councils. Theyre not binding in international laws. But the Assembly votes are an important opinion poll on how and what the majo

10、rity of the world thinks about issues. “ Important questions“ need a two-thirds vote of the Assembly to pass. The question of what is an important question isnt important. Its decided by the delegates themselvesby a simple majority. Although the General Assembly has not recognized authority to enfor

11、ce its conclusions on anything other than internal UN matters, it makes its viewpoints on issues that are brought before it is known in one of the three ways. A General Assembly declaration is a broad statement of general principle such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, passed in 1948. D

12、eclarations are often put forward as an expression of an ideal, in practice they are regularly ignored. A General Assembly resolution is essentially a document that recommends that member states take a particular policy action. States claim sovereignty and make their own decisions as to whether they

13、 will follow a General Assembly resolution. In some cases, however, if many states implement a particular resolution, other states that may not wish to act on the resolution may feel themselves pressured to do so anyway. At the very least, a resolution has the effect of legitimizing the policies of

14、those states that wish to comply with the resolution. Finally, a General Assembly convention, or treaty, has two meanings. The more comprehensive convention refers to multilateral treaties voted on by the General Assembly that, upon passage by the General Assembly, are carried back to the capitals o

15、f member states for ratification by whatever means each state uses domestically. In other cases, a General Assembly convention refers specifically to a treaty signed between the United Nations and the government of a nation-state, as when in 1956 Egypt agreed to allow United Nations peacekeeping for

16、ces to enter Egyptian territory. （分数：-0.98）(1).The General Assembly is responsible for dealing with the international matters.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).The Passage of important issues is decided by a two-thirds vote of the Assembly.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).The Gene

17、ral Assembly have the authority to enforce its conclusions on approving UN budget.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).The General Assembly makes its viewpoints in the General Assembly ratification.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).The General Assembly presses its member states to imp

18、lement its resolution.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).Anan was chosen as UN Secretary-general on the General Assembly.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).Multi-lateral treaties have to be ratified by the member state before it is passed by the General Assembly.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.Wr

19、ongC.Not MentionedAnatomy 1. The term anatomy comes from Greek anatomy, “dissection“. It is a branch of natural science dealing with the structural organization of living things. The proper understanding of structure, however, implies a knowledge of function in the living organism. Anatomy is theref

20、ore almost inseparable from physiology, which is sometimes called functional anatomy. 2. It is convenient to subdivide the study of anatomy in several different ways. One classification is based on the type of organisms studied, the major subdivisions being plant anatomy and animal anatomy. Animal a

21、natomy is further subdivided into human anatomy and comparative anatomy, which seeks out similarities and differences among animal types. Anatomy can also be subdivided into biological processes, for example, developmental anatomy, the study of embryos, and pathological anatomy, the study of disease

22、d organs. 3. The oldest known systematic study of anatomy is contained in an Egyptian papyrus dating from about 1600 BC. In the 4th century BC Aristode increased anatomical knowledge of animals. The first real progress in the science of human anatomy was made in the following century by the Greek ph

23、ysicians Herophilus and Erasistratus, who dissected human cadavers (尸体) and were the first to distinguish many functions , including those of the nervous and muscular systems. 4. Modern anatomy began with the publication in 1543 of the work of the Belgian anatomist Andreas Vesalius. Before the publi

24、cation of this classical work anatomists had been so bound by tradition that the writings of authorities of more than 1000 years earlier, were accepted in lieu of actual observation. Vesalius and other Renaissance anatomists, however, based their descriptions on their own observations of human corps

25、es, thus setting the pattern for subsequent study in anatomy. 5. The 17th-century invention of the compound microscope led to the development of microscopic anatomy. Under the leadership of the Italian anatomist Marcello Malpighi, the study of the microscopic structure of animals and plants flourish

26、ed during the 17th century. Microscopic anatomy developed rapidly in the 19th century. Knowledge of microscopic anatomy was greatly expanded during the 20th century as a result of the development of microscopes. A. The Beginning of research B. The subdivision of Anatomy C. The Beginning of Mordern A

27、natomy D. Anatomy in Ancient Times E. A Brief History of Microscopich Anatomy F. The definition of Anatomy （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 1（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(5).It can be inferred from the passage that

28、before 1600 BC_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).It means that microscopic anatomy is bring up by_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).The classification of anatomy is based on_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).With the development of science and technology, you may conclude_（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Is This A Senseless Notion? “There is a sense

29、less notion that children grow up and leave home when they are 18 , and the truth is far from that,“ sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin says. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents. “ There is a major shift in the middle class,“ declares sociolo

30、gist Allan Schnailberg of Northwestern University, whose son, 19, moved back after an absence of eight months. Analysis cite a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. The marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people. A high

31、divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are making economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from home college education has become so excessively great that many students now attend local schools. Even after graduation, youn

32、g people find their wings clipped by the skyrocketing housing costs. Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed. “Its ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home. “But sharin

33、g the family requires adjustments for all. There are the hassles over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been returned home three times and left three times. “ What I consi

34、dered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,“ she explains. “He never liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away or meet them at friends houses. “ Just how long should adult children live with their parents before moving on? Most psychologists feel lengthy homecomings are a mi

35、stake. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with “ a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure. “ And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities. Many agree that brief visits, however, can worked b

36、eneficially. （分数：-1.00）(1).There was apparently a trend in the U. S. _.（分数：-0.20）A.for young adults to leave their parents and live independentlyB.for middle class young adults to stay with their parentsC.for married young adults to move back home after a lengthy absenceD.for young adults to get job

37、s nearby in order to live with their parents(2).Which of the following does not account for young adults returning to the nest?（分数：-0.20）A.Young adults find housing costs too high.B.Young adults are psychologically and intellectually immature.C.Young adults seek parental comfort and moral support.D.

38、Quite a number of young adults attend local schools.(3).One of the disadvantages of young adults returning to stay with their parents is that_.（分数：-0.20）A.there will inevitably be inconveniences in everyday lifeB.the parents have to spend more money keeping a bigger family goingC.the young adults te

39、nds to be overprotected by their parentsD.public opinion is against young adults staying with their parents(4).The word “hassles“in the passage (Para.3)probably means_.（分数：-0.20）A.agreementB.worriesC.disadvantageD.quarrels(5).According to the passage what is the best for both parents and children?（分

40、数：-0.20）A.They should adjust themselves to sharing the family expenses.B.Children should leave their parents when they are grown-up.C.Adult children should visit their parents from time to time.D.Parents should support their adult children when they are in trouble.Adaptation of Living Things Certain

41、 animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in provid

42、ing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments. Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for e

43、xample, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the suns energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that onl

44、y certain kinds of plants have. Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to rem

45、ain completely still when an enemy is near. Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its won environment, as do warm-blooded mammals,

46、which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt t

47、o the new conditions. （分数：-1.00）(1).Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may_.（分数：-0.20）A.help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed.B.survive even in extremely severe conditionsC.become better adapted to the environments than others of their

48、 kind.D.result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms.(2).In the first paragraph, the word “environments“ could best be replaced by_.（分数：-0.20）A.contextsB.surroundingsC.neighborsD.enemies(3).It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird care colored_.（分数：-0.

49、20）A.to frightened its enemies.B.to attract its enemiesC.to adjust its body heatD.to match its environment(4).Which of the following is not directly mentioned?（分数：-0.20）A.A living thing may adapt in its structure.B.An organism may adapt in its function.C.A living creature may adapt in its genetic makeup.D.A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.(5).The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to illustrate which of the following?（分数：-0.20）A.A living thing may have the ability to create an