职称英语(综合类)13及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语(综合类)13 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Although you are busy, you must (allow for) your health.（分数：-1.00）A.attendB.take account ofC.put in the charge ofD.take charge of2.He had been (forced) to give up much of his time to housework.（分数：-1.00）A.compelledB.demandedC.determinedD.required3.The machin

2、e must be operated (by hand). It isnt automatic.（分数：-1.00）A.mentallyB.annuallyC.manuallyD.heavily4.He could never be (content) until he could afford to buy that beautiful car.（分数：-1.00）A.fullB.richC.wiseD.happy5.The development of the transistor and integrated circuits revolutionized the electronics

3、 industry by allowing components to be packaged more (densely).（分数：-1.00）A.compactlyB.inexpensivelyC.quicklyD.carefully6.The mail was (delayed) for a week because of the flood.（分数：-1.00）A.held downB.held inC.held offD.held on7.People from many countries were (drawn) to the United States by the growi

4、ng cities and industries.（分数：-1.00）A.draftedB.orderedC.transportedD.attracted8.The (course) of the Korean War was bitter, bloody and frustrating.（分数：-1.00）A.battleB.durationC.outcomeD.whole9.Alex knew that he must (breathe) nothing of this to Nancy.（分数：-1.00）A.believeB.talkC.secretD.tell10.The U.S w

5、as in 1850 a (divided) nation half slave and half free.（分数：-1.00）A.alliedB.combinedC.unitedD.separate11.It is (great) decision for the young boy to have to make.（分数：-1.00）A.weightyB.chiefC.prominentD.remarkable12.How many radios will your factory (turn out) this year?（分数：-1.00）A.manufactureB.destroy

6、C.exportD.import13.The sisters cant (tolerate) each other.（分数：-1.00）A.bearB.hateC.likeD.criticize14.I have a (permanent) job here.（分数：-1.00）A.newB.high-paidC.stableD.temporary15.A visit to the Computer Center has (aroused) the students interest in computer science.（分数：-1.00）A.alarmedB.disturbedC.sti

7、mulatedD.increasedFlu Shots Or Not? It sounded like a good idea when New York Citys mayor, Rudollph Giuliani, advised New Yorkers recently to get a flu shot. After all, 20,000 Americans each year die of influenza. And this year in particular, the mayor suggested, getting a flu shot might be an espec

8、ially good idea, since it could help doctors distinguish between flu and the deadly inhalational (吸入的) form of anthrax (炭疽). How? Both anthrax and flu exhibit strikingly similar symptomsfever, chills and muscle achesin the early days of the infection. Physicians would be quick to suspect anthrax in

9、anyone who was vaccinated (接种疫苗) against flu and still developed fever and chills. That would give them a better chance to identify any new victims of terror while their infection was still in its earliest, most treatable stages. Or so the mayors reasoning went. Unfortunately, there are a couple of

10、problems with his logic. For one thing, getting vaccinated against influenza doesnt guarantee you wont get sick. Although highly effective, the flu vaccine (疫苗) protects against only the dominant types of the disease and even then does not provide 100% protection. It takes a couple of weeks for your

11、 body to respond to the vaccine with a sufficient number of antibodies (抗体). Each year thousands of Americans who get the vaccine nevertheless still get the flu. There are also plenty of reasons you might develop fever, chills and muscle aches that have nothing to do with either anthrax or flu. Inde

12、ed, doctors estimate that more than 80% of all flu like illnesses each winter are caused by other groups of viruses. Getting vaccinated against flu cant protect you against suffering from these other illnesses. In the worst case, asking all healthy adults to get vaccinated could actually have the op

13、posite effect to the one intended, leading to even more deaths if it means we run out of shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection. Already there have been delays in getting this years shipment of vaccine to clinics and doctors offices. Those who should be at the front of the line inc

14、lude folks who are 65 or older, nursing-home residents and adults and children with chronic health problems as well as anyone who cares for or lives with such people. Flu shots are also important for men and women whose immune system is weakened by HIV (艾滋病病毒) or other conditions. The best reason to

15、 get the flu vaccine is that it protects against most flus not that youre worried about getting anthrax. While inhalational anthrax has killed only five people so far, many more could be at risk from flu-related complications. Theres no need to worsen the tragedy by making this years influenza epide

16、mic any worse. （分数：-0.98）(1).Quite a few New Yorkers took their mayors recent advice and got a flu shot.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).It is not easy to tell anthrax from flu in the early days of the infection.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Those who get the flu vaccine are s

17、urely protected from the disease.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Some other illnesses may exhibit symptoms similar to those of flu and anthrax.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Asking all healthy adults to get a flu shot may result in a shortage of the flu shots for those who are

18、 most vulnerable to the infection.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).People who care for those most vulnerable to the influenza infection neednt get flu shots.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).None of the five people killed by inhalational anthrax had been vaccinated against influen

19、za.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedIce Cream For Dogs 1. Humans not only love eating ice cream, they enjoy feeding it to their pets(宠物). Market studies show that two-thirds of all dog owners give ice cream to their dogs. Unfortunately, says William Tyznik, an expert on animal nutrition(营养)at

20、Ohio State University, ice cream is not good for dogs. “It has milk sugar in it,“ he says,“ which dogs cannot digest very well. “ 2. Bothered by that knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to please their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutriti

21、ous than ice creamand as much fun to eat. The product, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid by-product (副产品) of cheese and milk with the sugar removed. Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It took Tyznik, who has also invented a horse feed (cal

22、led Tizwhiz)and another dog food (named Tizbits), three years to perfect the Frosty Paws formulas, and two attempts to commercialize it. After losing B 25, 000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to Associated Ice Cream of Westervile, Ohio, which makes the product and pack

23、ages it in cups. 3. Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has been tested extensively and that “dogs love it“. Of 1,400 dogs that have been offered the product, he says, 89 percent took it on the first try. Three out of four preferred it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be available in the

24、 ice-cream section of supermarkets, comes in packs of three or four cups, costing between 6 1. 79. 4. What would happen if a human should mistake Frosty Paws for real ice cream? Nothing, says Tyznik. Its harmless, but frankly, he says, it wont taste very good. A. The price of Frosty Paws B. No harm

25、to human C. The creation of a new kind of ice cream for dogs D. Harm to human E. Feeding ice-creams to dogs F. Attraction to dogs （分数：-1.04）(1).Para 1（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(2).Para 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Para 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Para 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(5).Dogs cant digest_ very well.（分数：-0.13）

26、A.B.C.D.(6).The ice cream for dogs is made of a liquid_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(7).The ice cream can be bought in_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(8).It is sold in packs of 3 or 4_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.The Gene Industry Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They drea

27、m of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls “metalhungry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water“. They have already demanded

28、and won the right to patent new lifeforms. Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills“ that could spread disease an

29、d destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the imagination. Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they

30、can digest grass and hay, thereby relieving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for u

31、s? Should we attempt to eliminate “inferior“ people and breed a “ super-race“? ( Hitler tried this, but without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories. ) Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate “unfit“ babies? Should w

32、e grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a “ savings bank“ full of spare kidney, livers or hands? Wild as these notions may sound, every one has its advocates (and opposers) in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genet

33、ic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God? “ Broad Scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, automobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes co

34、mmercially practical, a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created.“ （分数：-1.00）(1).According to the passage, the exhaust from a car engine could probably be checked by_.（分数：-0.20）A.using metal-hungry microbes .B.making use of enzymes.C.adjusting the engin

35、e.D.patenting new life forms.(2).According to the passage, which of the following would worry the critics the most?（分数：-0.20）A.The unanticipated explosion of populationB.The creation of biological solar cells.C.The accidental spill of oil.D.The unexpected release of destructive microbes.(3).Which of

36、 the following notions is NOT mentioned?（分数：-0.20）A.Developing a “ savings bank “ of ones organs.B.Breeding soldiers for a war.C.Producing people with cow-like stomachs.D.Using genetic forecasting to cure diseases.(4).According to the passage, Hitler attempted to_.（分数：-0.20）A.changed the pilots biol

37、ogically to win the war.B.develop genetic farming for food supply.C.kill the people he thought of as inferior.D.encourage the development of genetic weapons for the war.(5).What dose Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howards statement imply?（分数：-0.20）A.The commercial applications of genetic engineering are inev

38、itable.B.American will depend on other countries for biological progress.C.Americans are proud of their countries for biological progress.D.The potential application of each new genetic advance should be controlled.How to Be a Nurse The physicians in a hospital form the core of the medical staff. Bu

39、t they could not provide effective medical care to their patients without the help of numerous other medical employees. From the view point of the patients, the nursing staff is particularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as they are in the hospital. A nurse doe

40、s not study for as many years as a doctor. However each must be equally dedicated. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night. Under the supervision of the head nurse, the nursing staff

41、must provide nursing services on a 24-hour basis and attend to patients needs. This responsibility continues around the clock, and so nurses must work in shifts. A shift is a period of duty usually eight in length. The nurses on the ward rotate their shifts. Some take turns working night duty; other

42、s work odd shifts. All of them work out of a central area on the ward called the nurses station. A nurse must always be alert. She can never afford to be careless. This is true in all nursing situation, but it is especially true in the intensive care unit. Patients under intensive care are criticall

43、y ill, and they must be monitored at all times. The nurses who do intensive care duty have one of the most demanding jobs in the hospital. Serving as a nurse can be a very rewarding job. But it is not an easy one. Not every person is suited to become a nurse. Only very dedicated people have chosen n

44、ursing as a profession. （分数：-1.00）(1).The nursing staff_.（分数：-0.20）A.are central to the medical staffB.play an important role in caring patientsC.can work effectively without physiciansD.are always in close contact with the patients(2).Why dont nurses study for as many years as doctors?（分数：-0.20）A.M

45、ost nurses work long days.B.They dont treat patients for illness and injury.C.Caring for sick patients requires patience and concern.D.They are not dedicated.(3).Why must nurses work in shifts?（分数：-0.20）A.They are careless.B.Nursing services must be provided continuously.C.They work at night from ti

46、me to time.D.A shift is usually eight hours long.(4).What kind of person is suited to become a nurse?（分数：-0.20）A.A very careful person.B.An able person.C.A very dedicated person.D.A specially trained person.(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author?（分数：-0.20）A.Nurses are specially tr

47、ained to offer bedside care to sick person.B.Patients cannot do without nurses.C.Nursing cannot practise medicine.D.Nurses often work during the night.Regeneration of Limbs Most people would agree that it would be wonderful if humans could regenerate limbs. Those who have lost their arms or legs wou

48、ld be complete again. The day is still far off when this might happen. But in the last 10 years, doctors have reported regeneration in smaller parts of the body, most often fingers. Regeneration is not a newly-discovered process. For centuries, scientists have seen it work in some kinds of animals.

49、Break off a lizards (蜥蜴的) tail, for example, and it will grow a new tail. Scientists now are looking for a way to turn on this exciting ability in more highly-developed animals, including humans. Their experiments show that nerves, cell chemistry and the natural electric currents in the body all seem to have a part in this process. The body of every animal contains general purpose cells that change into whatever kind of cells the body needs. Animals such as the lizard or salamander (蝾螈) use these cells to regenerat