职称英语(卫生类)22及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语(卫生类)22 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.We were so greatly (attracted) by the beauty of the West Lake that we decided to visit Hangzhou again the next year.（分数：-1.00）A.fascinatedB.disturbedC.fooledD.surprised2.While they were away on vocation, they allowed their mail to (be accumulated) at the pos

2、t office.（分数：-1.00）A.be decreasedB.be deliveredC.be piled upD.be returned3.The little girls were (commended) for their wonderful dance presentation.（分数：-1.00）A.pleasedB.respectedC.praisedD.recommended4.All foreign troops must (withdraw) from the country.（分数：-1.00）A.retainB.retireC.reviseD.retreat5.D

3、uring the United States Civil war, many people in the south were forced to (flee) their home.（分数：-1.00）A.pay taxes onB.run away fromC.rebuildD.return to6.He appeared to be (absorbed in) the sports news on TV.（分数：-1.00）A.entertained inB.listened toC.concentrating uponD.worried about7.When snow (colle

4、cts) on top of a building during the winter, the weight sometimes weakens the construction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse.（分数：-1.00）A.selectsB.scattersC.meltsD.accumulates8.When he arrived home, he (deposited) his coat on the floor.（分数：-1.00）A.keptB.locatedC.storedD.placed9.His new gir

5、lfriend (omitted)to tell him that she was married.（分数：-1.00）A.forgotB.resistedC.deletedD.left out10.I have a (permanent) job here.（分数：-1.00）A.newB.high-paidC.stableD.temporary11.The United States Congress and the state legislatures (approve) thousands of laws each year.（分数：-1.00）A.amendB.debateC.pas

6、sD.draft12.He (comprehends) the theory of relativity.（分数：-1.00）A.learnsB.teachesC.understandsD.investigates .13.It is (odd) that so little is known about the talented painter.（分数：-1.00）A.surprisingB.unreasonableC.strangeD.unbelievable14.Please (check) your bill before you leave the shop and make sur

7、e that it is correct.（分数：-1.00）A.pay offB.go overC.look upD.find out15.Our public transportation is not (sufficient) for the need of the people in our major cities.（分数：-1.00）A.additionalB.efficientC.excessiveD.adequateInterview The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and b

8、roadcast journalist are reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to“ aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the

9、 conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the “how to“ material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings togethe

10、r evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed. There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general tex

11、ts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical (经验的) aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature

12、about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modem Western societies are more familiar, at

13、least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in g

14、etting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the jo

15、urnalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, the understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interview, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates. （分数：-0.98）(1).The main idea of the first paragraph is that i

16、mportance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).Much research has been done on interviews in general, so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthened.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).We

17、sterners are familiar with the journalistic interview, but most of them may not have been interviewed in person.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).The patient is the interviewee in a clinical interview.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).The passage is most like a part of a journalist

18、ic interview.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).We should pay attention to the interview in a clinical interview.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).The television interviews doesnt require thoughtful analyses.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not MentionedArchitecture Architecture is to buil

19、ding as literature is to the printed word. The best buildings ate often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is

20、 a social art. The renaissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well. In architecture, the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted. They remain dominant until the 20th century. Many

21、 kinds of stone are used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and Can be expected to endure. Stone architecture was often blended with stone sculpture. The use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials ate

22、 more adaptable to industrial use. The complexity of modem lire calls for a variety of buildings. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they spend their income in large shopping centers, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they ate si

23、ck they go to specialized hospitals and clinics. All these different types of buildings accumulated experiences needed by their designers. By the middle of the 20th century, modem architecture, which was influenced by new technology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social n

24、eeds. Important characteristics of modem architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete. Advances in elevator technology, air conditioning, and electric lighting have all had important effects. A. Building Materials B. Need of Greater Building Varieties in Modern Life C

25、. Restoration of Ancient Civilizations D. Evolution in Style E. Factors Affecting Modem Architectur 6 F. A Social Art （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(5).Some buildings are so well constru

26、cted that they are not only useful_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(6).Ancient Greek and Roman architectural styles, which were restored during renaissance, were still influential（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(7).As modem life becomes more complex, people have to put up many different kinds of buildings_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D

27、.(8).The use of new building materials and the introduction of such new technology as the elevator and the air-conditioner have played all important role_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Adaptation of Living Things Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment bette

28、r than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of

29、more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments. Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemic

30、als. It depends upon its green leaves for using the suns energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have. Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from the

31、ir enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near. Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapti

32、ng. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its won environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despi

33、te changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions. （分数：-1.00）(1).Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics

34、 so that they may_.（分数：-0.20）A.help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed.B.survive even in extremely severe conditionsC.become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind.D.result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms.(2).In the firs

35、t paragraph, the word “environments“ could best be replaced by_.（分数：-0.20）A.contextsB.surroundingsC.neighborsD.enemies(3).It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird care colored_.（分数：-0.20）A.to frightened its enemies.B.to attract its enemiesC.to adjust its body heatD.to match i

36、ts environment(4).Which of the following is not directly mentioned?（分数：-0.20）A.A living thing may adapt in its structure.B.An organism may adapt in its function.C.A living creature may adapt in its genetic makeup.D.A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.(5).The author cites the behavior o

37、f warm-blooded mammals in order to illustrate which of the following?（分数：-0.20）A.A living thing may have the ability to create an environment of its ownB.A living creature may have the ability to remain still when an enemy is near.C.A living creature may have the ability to make food from its inorga

38、nic chemicalsD.A living creature may have the ability to change the color of its skin.Natural Medicines Since earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. We know this because humans have survived. Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying

39、 out completely. They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的) instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment. Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do

40、 they have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are treated. And diseases are often cured. How? By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的). Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical, however. Through the centuries, tribal (部落的) medicine men experimen

41、ted with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the cure for some of todays most serious diseases. Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care. These natural medicines are used no

42、t just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas, few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store. Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources, especially plants. Some experts say more than 25% of mo

43、dern medicines come, in one way or another, from nature. Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive. So scientists interest in traditional medicine is not new. But it has become an urgent concern. This is because th

44、e earths supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly. （分数：-1.00）(1).The passage indicates that ancient treatments for injury and disease were_.（分数：-0.20）A.much more successful than modern onesB.successful in all casesC.successful enough for humans to surviveD.of little help to humans(2).Whic

45、h of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：-0.20）A.Many big and modern hospitals are expensive.B.Modern medicines are now available all over the world.C.Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical.D.Humans have used some kinds of medicines since earliest days.(3).It is believed by sc

46、ientists that traditional medicines_.（分数：-0.20）A.can cure all kinds of diseasesB.are no longer useful for modern menC.may cure some of todays most serious diseasesD.are too cheap to be useful(4).What do the majority of the people in the world use for health care?（分数：-0.20）A.Plants.B.Factory-produced

47、 chemicals.C.Modern medicines.D.Strange and wonderful equipment.(5).It can be seen from the passage that the earths supply of natural medicines_.（分数：-0.20）A.may never be exhaustedB.is surprisingly bigC.may be dropping rapidlyD.is as rich as everModern Drugs Doctors, sixty years ago, could do little

48、to help victims of polio. Serious cases usually ended in death. In 1955, a vaccine was developed that prevented the disease. Today, polio is no longer a major health problem. Many of the most important drugs that doctors prescribe today have been developed in the last 30 years. Modern drugs are comp

49、lex, specific and powerful. People need to know more about drugs in order to use them safely. Early people discovered by accident that some of the plants growing around them seemed useful to heal sores, relieve pain, or even cure diseases. These plants were the first drugs. Now plants are still the source of some drugs. Quinine, for example, is a bitter-tasting drug used to treat the chills and fever of malaria and to reduce attacks of the disease. It is made from the bark of the cinchona tree, which grows in the Andes Mountains