美国研究生入学考试题库（GRE）真题五及答案解析.doc

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1、美国研究生入学考试题库（GRE）真题五及答案解析(总分：155.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、SECTION 1(总题数：29，分数：38.00)1.We first became aware that her support for the new program was less than- when she declined to make a speech in its favor.（分数：1.00）A.qualifiedB.haphazardC.fleetingD.unwarrantedE.wholehearted2.When a person suddenly loses co

2、nsciousness, a bystander is not expected to - the problem but to attempt to - its effects by starting vital functions，if they are absent（分数：1.00）A.cure precipitateB.minimize predictC.determine detectD.diagnose counterE.magnify evaluate3.The remark was only slightly -, inviting a chuckle, perhaps, bu

3、t certainly not a -.（分数：1.00）A.audible rewardB.hostile shrugC.amusing rebukeD.coherent reactionE.humorous guffaw4.Doors were closing on our past, and soon the values we had lived by would become so obsolete that we would seem to people of the new age as -as travelers from an ancient land.（分数：1.00）A.

4、elegantB.ambitiousC.interestingD.comfortableE.quaint5.bility to - is the test of the perceptive historian, a history, after all, consists not only of what the historian has included, but also, in some sense, of what has been left out.（分数：1.00）A.deferB.selectC.conferD.deviseE.reflect6.Some artists im

5、modestly idealize or exaggerate the significance of their work; yet others, - to exalt the role of the artist, reject a transcendent view of art.（分数：1.00）A.appearingB.disdainingC.seekingD.failingE.tending7.Estimating the risks of radiation escaping from a nuclear power plant is - question, but one w

6、hose answer then becomes part of a value-laden, emotionally charged policy debate about whether to construct such a plant.（分数：1.00）A.consan incomprehensibleB.an undefinedC.an irresponsibleD.a divisiveE.a technical8.TREE: FORESTRY:（分数：1.00）A.tractor: agricultureB.experiment: laboratoryC.fuel: combust

7、ionD.flower: horticultureE.generator: electricity9.COMMAND: REQUEST:（分数：1.00）A.presume: inquireB.recommend: proposeC.summon: inviteD.refuse: rebelE.authorize: permit10.PESTLE: GRIND:（分数：1.00）A.whetstone: sharpenB.balloon: floatC.mill: turnD.hinge: fastenE.switch: conduct11.ILLITERACY: EDUCATION:（分数：

8、1.00）A.bureaucracy: clarificationB.oppression: agreementC.vagrancy: travelD.inequity: redistributionE.inclemency: evasion12.REVERENCE: RESPECT:（分数：1.00）A.resiliency: vitalityB.(appreciation: dependencyC.avidity: enthusiasmD.imagination: creativityE.audacity: sentiment13.APOSTROPHES:WORD:（分数：1.00）A.l

9、etters: alphabetB.verbs: syntaxC.ellipses: sentenceD.commas: punctuationE.paragraphs: essay14.EXAGGERATION: CARICATURE:（分数：1.00）A.craft: artB.detail: sketchC.illusion: storyD.brevity: epigramE.sophistication: farce15.MALLEABLE: SHAPE:（分数：1.00）A.apathetic: emotionB.irresolute: opinionC.demonstrable:

10、evidenceD.irredeemable: valueE.gustatory: taste16.BOLSTER: SUPPORT:（分数：1.00）A.axis: revolveB.spackle: paintC.leakage: caulkD.heat: insulateE.tackle: hoistThere are four questions belowGeologists Harris and Gass hypothesized that the Red Sea rift developed along the line of a suture (a splice in the

11、Earths crust) formed during the late Proterozoic era, and that significant observable differences in the composition of the upper layers of rocks deposited on either side of the suture give clues to the different natures of the underlying igneous rocks. Other geologists argued that neither the upper

12、 rock layer nor the underlying igneous rocks on the one side of the rift differ fundamentally from the corresponding layers on the other side. These geologists believe, therefore, that there is inadequate evidence to conclude that a suture underlies the rift. In response, Harris and Gass asserted th

13、at the upper rock ayers on the two sides of the rift had not been shown to be of similar age, structure, or geochemical content. Further-more, they cited new evidence that the underlying igneous rocks on either side of the rift contain significantly different kinds of rare metals.（分数：4）(1).Part of t

14、he Harris and Gass hypothesis about the Red Sea rift would be weakened if it could be demonstrated that the composition of upper rock layers.（分数：1）A.cannot cause a suture to developB.has no effect on where a suture will occurC.cannot provide information about the nature of underlying rocksD.is simil

15、ar on the two sides of a rift unless a suture divides the two sidesE.is usually different from the composition of underlying rocks(2).It can be inferred from the passage that the “Other geologists“ (line 8) would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements?（分数：1）A.Similar geologic

16、al features along both sides of a possible suture imply the existence of that sutureB.Sutures can be discovered only where they are not obscured by superimposed geological featuresC.The composition of igneous rocks permits pre- diction of the likelihood of a rift developing through them.D.It is poss

17、ible to date igneous rocks by carefully studying the different kinds of rare metals contained in them and by observing their similarity to the layer of rock that lies above themE.The existence of rock layers on one side of a rift that are similar in composition to rock layers on the other side sugge

18、sts that no suture exists between the two sides(3).It can be inferred from the passage that Harris and Gass have done which of the following?（分数：1）A.Drawn detailed diagrams of the Red Sea rift.B.Based their conclusions on the way in which sutures develop in the Earths crustC.Rejected other geologist

19、s objections to their hypothesis about the Red Sea riftD.Suggested that the presence of rare metals in rocks indicates an underlying sutureE.Asserted that rifts usually occur along the lines of sutures(4).According to the passage, Harris and Gass have mentioned all of the following properties of roc

20、ks along the Red Sea rift EXCEPT.（分数：1）A.age of the upper layers of rockB.structure of the upper layers of rocksC.geochemical content of the upper layers of rocksD.metallic content of the underlying igneous rocksE.age of the underlying igneous rocksThere are seven questions below，Proponents of diffe

21、rent jazz styles have always argued that their predecessors, musical style did not include essential characteristics that define jazz as jazz. Thus, 1940s swing was belittled by beboppers of the 1950s,who were themselves attacked by free jazzers of the 1960s. The neoboppers of the 1980s and 1990s at

22、tacked almost everybody else. The titanic figure of Black saxo- phonist John Coltrane has complicated the arguments made by proponents of styles from bebop through neobop,)because in his own musical journey he drew from all those styles. His influence on all types of jazz was immeasurable. At the he

23、ight of his popularity, Coltrane largely abandoned playing bebop, the style that had brought him fame, to explore the outer reaches of jazz.Coltrane himself probably believed that the only essential characteristic of jazz was improvisation, the one constant in his journey from bebop to open-ended im

24、provisations on modal, Indian, and African melodies. On the other hand, this dogged student and prodigious technicianwho insisted on spending hours each day practicing scales from theory books-was never able to jettison completely the influence of bebop, with its fast and elaborate chains of notes a

25、nd ornaments on melody. Two stylistic characteristics shaped the way Coltrane played the tenor saxophone, he favored playing fast runs of notes built on a melody and depended on heavy, regularly accented beats. The first led Coltrane to “sheets of sound.“ where he raced faster and faster, pile-drivi

26、ng notes into each other to suggest stacked harmonies. The second meant that his sense of rhythm was almost as close to rock as to bebop. Three recordings illustrate Coltranes energizing explor- ations. Recording Kind of Blue with Miles Davis, Coltrane found himself outside bop, exploring modal melo

27、dies. Here he played surging, lengthy solos built largely around repeated motifs-an organizing principle unlike that of free jazz saxophone player Ornette Coleman, who modulated or altered melodies in his solos. On Giant Steps, Coltrane debuted as leader, introducing his own compositions. Here the s

28、heets of sound, downbeat accents, repetitions, and great speed are part of each solo, and the variety of the shapes of his phrases is unique. Coltranes searching explorations produced solid achievement. My Favorite Things was another kind of watershed. Here Coltrane played the soprano saxophone, an

29、instrument seldom used by jazz musicians. Musically, the results were astounding. With the sopranos piping sound, ideas that had sounded dark and brooding acquired a feeling of giddy fantasy.When Coltrane began recording for the Impulse! label, he was still searching. His music became raucous, physi

30、cal.His influence on rockers was enormous, including Jimi Hendrix, the rock guitarist, who following Coltrane, raised the extended guitar solo using repeated motifs to a kind of rock art form（分数：7）(1).The primary purpose of the passage is to（分数：1）A.discuss the place of Coltrane in the world of jazz

31、and describe his musical explorationsB.examine the nature of bebop and contrast it with improvisational jazzC.analyze the musical sources of Coltranes style and their influence on his workD.acknowledge the influence of Coltranes music on rock music and rock musiciansE.discuss the arguments that divi

32、de the proponents of different jazz styles(2).The author implies that which of the following would have been an effect of Coltranes having chosen to play the tenor rather than the soprano saxophone on My Favorite Things?（分数：1）A.The tone of the recording would have been more somberB.The influence of

33、bebop on the recording would have been more obviousC.The music on the recording would have sounded less raucous and physicalD.His influence on rock music might have been less pervasiveE.The style of the recording would have been indistinguishable from that on Kind of Blue(3).Which of the following b

34、est describes the organization of the fourth paragraph?（分数：1）A.A thesis referred to earlier in the passage is mentioned and illustrated with three specific examplesB.A thesis is stated and three examples are given each suggesting that a correction needs to be made to a thesis referred to earlier in

35、the passageC.A thesis referred to earlier in the passage is mentioned, and three examples are presented and ranked in order of their support of the thesisD.A thesis is stated, three seemingly opposing examples are presented, and their underlying correspondence is explainedE.A thesis is stated, three

36、 dissimilar examples are considered, and the thesis is restated.(4).According to the passage, John Coltrane did all of the following during his career EXCEPT（分数：1）A.improvise on melodies from a number of different culturesB.perform as leader as wellC.spend time improving his technical skillsD.experi

37、ment with the sounds of various instrumentsE.been indistinguishable from that on Kind of Blue(5).The author mentions the work of Ornette Coleman in the fourth paragraph in order to do which of the following?（分数：1）A.Expand the discussion by mentioning the work of a saxophone player who played in Colt

38、ranes style.B.Compare Coltranes solos with the work of another jazz artistC.Support the idea that rational organizing principles need to be applied to artistic workD.Show the increasing intricacy of Coltranes work after he abandoned bebopE.Indicate disagreement with the way Coltrane modulated the mo

39、tifs in his lengthy solos(6).According to the passage, a major difference between Coltrane and other jazz musicians was the（分数：1）A.degree to which Coltranes music encompassed all of jazzB.repetition of motifs that Coltrane used in his solosC.number of his own compositions that Coltrane recordedD.ind

40、ifference Coltrane maintained to musical techniqueE.importance Coltrane placed on rhythm in jazz(7).In terms of its tone and form, the passage can best be characterized as（分数：1）A.dogmatic explanationB.indignant denialC.enthusiastic praiseD.speculative studyE.lukewarm review17.RECORD（分数：1.00）A.postpo

41、neB.disperseC.deleteD.delayE.devise18.EMBED（分数：1.00）A.induceB.extendC.extractD.receiveE.diverge19.WHOLESOME（分数：1.00）A.deleteriousB.submissiveC.provokingD.monotonousE.rigorous20.EXTINCTION:（分数：1.00）A.immunityB.mutationC.inhibitionD.formulationE.perpetuation21.CURSE:（分数：1.00）A.exonerationB.untruthC.re

42、dressD.benedictionE.separation22.DECORUM（分数：1.00）A.constant austerityB.false humilityC.improprietyD.incompetenceE.petulance23.AGGRANDIZE:（分数：1.00）A.misrepresentB.disparageC.render helplessD.take advantage ofE.shun the company of24.VIGILANT:（分数：1.00）A.reluctantB.haphazardC.gullibleD.ignorantE.oblivio

43、us25.FASTIDIOUS:（分数：1.00）A.coarseB.destructiveC.willingD.collectiveE.secret26.TRACTABLE:（分数：1.00）A.indefatigableB.incorrigibleC.insatiableD.impracticalE.impetuous27.RESCISSION:（分数：1.00）A.expansionB.enactmentC.instigationD.stimulationE.abdication二、SECTION 2(总题数：11，分数：15.00)28.Diane completed each of

44、her exercise sets in 75 seconds and rested for 55 seconds between the exercise sets. What is the ratio of the amount of time it took her to complete an exercise set to the amount of time she rested between the sets?（分数：1.00）A.5:6B.5:11C.6:11D.11:5E.11:629.A certain car gets 20 miles per gallon of ga

45、soline for city driving. If the car gets 15 percent more miles per gallon for highway driving, how many miles per gallon does the car get for highway driving?（分数：1.00）A.17B.22C.23D.30E.3530.In the figure above, the area of the shaded square region is what percent of the area of the square region ABC

46、D?（分数：1.00）A.B.C.12%D.E.8%31.The cost of sending a package special delivery is x cents per ounce up to 10 ounces and y cents for each ounce in excess of 10. Which of the following represents the total cost, in cents, of sending special delivery a package weighing w ounces, if w 10?（分数：1.00）A.x + (w

47、- 10)y +10B.x + (w - 10) + yC.10x + 10(w - y )D.10x + y(w - 10)E.10x + wy32.All of the following are equivalent to EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.There are five questions below，In answering these questions, assume that the male and female populations are equal for each of the years shown.（分数：5）(1).For whi

48、ch of the following years was the difference between the life expectancy at birth for males and the life expectancy at birth for females the least?（分数：1）A.1900B.1910C.1920D.1930E.1940(2).The average(arithmetic mean) life expectancy at birth for a person born in 1980 was approximately how many more y

49、ears than for a person born in 1900?（分数：1）A.20B.22C.24D.26E.30(3).The life expectancy at birth of a male born in 1900 is closest to what fraction of the life expectancy at birth of a male born in 1980?（分数：1）A.4/3B.2/3C.1/2D.1/3E.1/4(4).Which of the following statements can be inferred from the graph? For each year shown, the life expectancy at birth was greater for females than it was for males. The increase in the life expectancy at birth for males was greater from 1940 to 1980 than it was from 1900 to 1940. For each year shown, the dif