公共英语四级真题(3)及答案解析.doc

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1、公共英语四级真题(3)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Buckingham Palace and Queen Elizabeth the year when Buckingham Palace was built 1705 the year when Elizabeth came to the throne 1. the floor on which the royal family live 2nd floor the season when garden

2、 parties are held 2. number of guests at each party 9000 number of people taking care of Queen Elizabeth 3. the meal during which Scottish music is played 4. 5. places Queen Elizabeth often visits after lunch schools （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1). Alexander was called a god bec

3、ause he was 1. （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2). In which year did Alexander become king? （分数：1.00）(3). In which country did Alexander found a new city? （分数：1.00）(4). What kind of people did Alexander recruit to live in the cities he built? （分数：1.00）(5). At what age did Alexander die? （分数：1.00）四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：

4、10.00)Questions 1113 are based on the following conversation between a driver and a police officer. （分数：3.00）(1).Why did the police officer stop the driver?（分数：1.00）A.The driver exceeded the speed limit.B.The driver didn“t stop at the zebra crossing.C.The officer was conducting a routine check.D.The

5、 officer found the car“s brake lights were out.(2).Why did the driver mention his wife“s cousin“s husband?（分数：1.00）A.To prove his connection with the officer.B.To show himself as an influential man.C.To influence the police officer.D.To establish a new friendship.(3).What did the police officer thre

6、aten to do?（分数：1.00）A.Give the driver a ticket.B.Take the driver to court.C.Retain the driver“s car.D.Take the driver to the police station.Questions 1416 are based on the following talk on Kwanzaa, an African American cultural holiday. （分数：3.00）(1).What is the origin of Kwanzaa related to?（分数：1.00）

7、A.Religion.B.Family life.C.Agriculture.D.Community.(2).Which of the following colors is used for decoration in Kwanzaa?（分数：1.00）A.Yellow.B.Green.C.White.D.Blue.(3).What do the seven candles stand for?（分数：1.00）A.Principles.B.Cultures.C.Tribes.D.Colors.Questions 1720 are based on the following talk ab

8、out the Worm Bank. （分数：4.00）(1).When was the World Bank officially founded?（分数：1.00）A.In 1944.B.In 1946.C.In 1949.D.In 2000.(2).The World Bank dreams of a world without（分数：1.00）A.inequalityB.povertyC.oppressionD.conflicts(3).What do we know about the World Bank member countries?（分数：1.00）A.They have

9、equal say.B.They decide on the bank“s work.C.They are the board members.D.They are its shareholders.(4).How many leading contributors does the World Bank have?（分数：1.00）A.24.B.19.C.5.D.3.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Humans like to regard themselves as exceptional. Many philosophers believe hum

10、ans are the only 1 which understands that others have their own personal thoughts. That understanding is known in the 2 as having a “theory of mind,“ and it is considered the 3 to such cherished human 4 as sympathy and deception. Biologists have learned to treat such 5 with caution. Bernd Heinrich a

11、nd Thomas Bugnyar describe an experiment they have carried out 6 ravens. 7 to gaze is reckoned to be a good 8 of the development of theory of mind in human children. 9 about 18 months, most children are able to follow the gaze of another person, and 10 things about the gazer from it. Failure to 11 t

12、his trick is an early symptom of autism, a syndrome whose main underlying feature is a(n) 12 to understand that other people have 13 , too. To 14 whether ravens could follow gaze, Dr Heinrich used six six-month-old hand-reared ravens. The birds were set, one at a time, on a perch on one side of a ro

13、om divided by a barrier. An experimenter in front of the barrier 15 his head and eyes in a particular 16 and gazed for 30 seconds before looking 17 . Dr Heinrich found that all the birds were able to follow the gaze of the experimenters, even 18 the barrier. In the 19 case, the curious birds either

14、jumped down from the perch and walked around the barrier to have a 20 or leapt on top of it and peered over.（分数：20.00）A.categoryB.groupC.raceD.speciesA.perspectiveB.tradeC.businessD.skillA.secretB.attributionC.alternativeD.gatewayA.qualitiesB.operationsC.habitsD.valuesA.comparisonsB.findingsC.assert

15、ionsD.studiesA.onB.toC.againstD.forA.IndifferenceB.ResponseC.ResistanceD.InstinctA.callB.reasonC.hintD.measureA.WithB.InC.ByD.AtA.imagineB.inferC.locateD.conferA.developB.findC.planD.concealA.resentB.tendencyC.attemptD.inabilityA.sensesB.mindsC.beliefsD.facultiesA.argueB.proveC.testD.confirmA.movedB

16、.hidC.revealedD.adjustedA.mannerB.directionC.typeD.circleA.downB.upC.awayD.insideA.intoB.withinC.beyondD.fromA.formerB.latterC.ordinaryD.unusualA.lookB.restC.tryD.taste六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Conventional wisdom has long held that mammals stay

17、ed millions of years on earth. As long as dinosaurs roamed the lands, our distant ancestors never got to be much more than chicken-hearted creatures that sneaked out at night to grab bits of plants when the terrible lizards were asleep. Only when they were wiped out did mammals begin to earn a littl

18、e evolutionary respect. But that picture changed dramatically with the announcement in Nature of two impressive fossils. One, of a brand-new species named R. giganticus , broke apart the notion that most dinosaur-age mammals were never larger than squirrels. The animal had the dimensions of a midsiz

19、e dog-by far the biggest dinosaur-age mammal ever found. And the second, a new specimen of a previously discovered species called R. robustus , refuted the notion that it was always the mammals that got eaten. Inside the skeleton where the animal“s stomach would have been are the fossilized remains

20、of a baby dinosaur. “This discovery was the chance of a lifetime,“ says Jin Meng, scientist and coauthor of the paper. Indeed, Meng didn“t expect to find things like this at all. The smaller skeleton was discovered about two years ago by villagers in China“s Liaoning province, site of some of the ri

21、chest fossil beds in the world. They brought it to the attention of scientists, who took it to an institute for examination. “We didn“t see the stomach contents at first,“ says Meng. After they did, however, it didn“t take them long to realize they had struck scientific gold. On closer examination,

22、the scientists determined that the remains were those of a juvenile dinosaur. Some of the arm and leg bones were still attached to each other, suggesting that R. robustus didn“t chew its food thoroughly but wolfed it down in large chunks. Taken together, the finds overturn the already eroded idea th

23、at early mammals were tiny and timid. Now paleontologists can stop cooking up theories to explain why mammals were so littlethat they had to be small to avoid being found, for example, or they couldn“t grow larger because dinosaurs already occupied those ecological spaces. But it“s now clear that ma

24、mmals did fill some of the spaces reserved for larger animals. “It“s quite possible,“ says paleontologist Anne Weil, “that they competed with dinosaurs for the same prey.“ And because they ate dinosaurs, they may even have had an influence on dinosaur evolution. What sort of influence? “We don“t kno

25、w,“ she says. “That“s how it is with the best finds. They leave you with more questions than answers.（分数：5.00）(1).Mammals in the dinosaur age used to be described as（分数：1.00）A.fierce and dangerous.B.shrewd and swift.C.doglike and sneaky.D.small and cowardly.(2).The fossil of a baby dinosaur in the s

26、keleton of R. robustus indicates that（分数：1.00）A.robustusmust have died in its pregnancy.B.this mammal could have died while fighting with dinosaurs.C.robustusswallowed the baby dinosaur as its food.D.mammals would eat their young when starved.(3).By saying “they had struck scientific gold“ (Lines 12

27、, Paragraph 4), the author means that（分数：1.00）A.their discovery earned them great fame.B.their findings enjoyed enormous market value.C.they acquired valuable resources for their studies.D.they had made a significant discovery in their research.(4).The expression “cooking up“ (Line 2, Paragraph 5) i

28、ndicates that the author（分数：1.00）A.doubts the validity of the previous scientific explanations.B.thinks the new discoveries have practical significance.C.regards previous ecological studies as simply story-making.D.considers those new discoveries no longer hold water.(5).What is the possible connect

29、ion between mammals and dinosaurs?（分数：1.00）A.Mammals were under dinosaurs“ rule most of the time.B.Mammals might have contributed to the evolution of dinosaurs.C.Dinosaurs failed in the competition with mammals for food.D.Baby dinosaurs were the main source of food for mammals.九、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00

30、)Schools of education have long been objects of criticism. From James Koerner“s 1963 book, The Miseducation of America“s Teachers, up through two recent reports by national commissions, critics have complained about the intellectual emptiness of the curriculum at ed schools and the lack of connectio

31、n between what is taught and the realities teachers face in the classroom. A recent survey of teachers about their graduate-school training drew comments like “the shabbiest psychobabble imaginable“ and “a waste of time.“ With an estimated 2 million new teachers needed over the next decade, the shor

32、tcomings in education schools are a practical concern. In what is a generally bleak landscape, a small number of schools stand out as innovators. Two key qualities distinguish these exemplars. First, they require that students master the subjects they will be teaching and structure their curricula a

33、ccordingly. Second, these programs put a premium on hands-on experience. While traditional ed-school curricula are filled with courses on theory, the new approach places much greater emphasis on learning by doing. At Ohio State University in Columbus, students in the one, year master“s program spend

34、 half their time teaching in one of 55 Franklin County public schools, where they are paired with experienced teachers. “You are immersed from Day 1,“ says OSU graduate student Kelley Crockett, a 37-year-old former businesswoman who does practical training at Gables Elementary School. “And that forc

35、es you to be intimately involved.“ In New York City, the Bank Street College of Educationa two-year programruns its own junior high. “That keeps us honest,“ says the school“s president, Augusta Kappner. “We are encouraging students to see how they function in school settings so they can constantly i

36、mprove.“ Comparable programs exist at some other institutions, including the University of Virginia and Trinity University in San Antonio. But Linda Darling-Hamond, a professor at Columbia University“s Teachers College who is an expert on teacher training, estimates that only 40 percent of the 1,200

37、 teacher-education programs in the country have met national accreditation standards. Most education schools, she says, “have operated bureaucratically, assuming that teachers didn“t need to know many things, “Just give them a textbook and send them on.“（分数：5.00）(1).By saying “intellectual emptiness

38、 of the curriculum“ ( Lines 34, Paragraph 1) the critics mean to argue that（分数：1.00）A.there were not sufficient items in the curriculum.B.the curriculum was poorly designed academically.C.the training based on the curriculum was hardly imaginable.D.the curriculum did not sufficiently address learner

39、s“ needs.(2).According to the author, the concern over the current situation in ed schools is（分数：1.00）A.well-grounded.B.unnecessary.C.widespread.D.ill-founded.(3).The word “premium“ (Line 6, Paragraph 2) probably means（分数：1.00）A.difficulty.B.emphasis.C.limitation.D.reward.(4).It can be inferred from

40、 Linda Darling-Hammond“s comment that（分数：1.00）A.most ed schools should undergo fundamental reform.B.it is too difficult for ed schools to overcome bureaucracy.C.teachers at ed schools emphasize too much the value of a textbook.D.most ed school teachers are unwilling to participate in the innovations

41、.(5).Which of the following would be the best title for the text?（分数：1.00）A.A Bird“s Eye View on Teacher Training ProgramsB.Traditional versus Modern Schools of EducationC.Innovation at Some Schools of EducationD.Comparison between Teacher Training Programs十、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)It“s almost an artic

42、le of faith: your best ally in the fight against cancer is a doggedly optimistic outlook. And it would seem that mounting evidence of the links between emotional and physical well-being would support that view. The only problem is that there is no good evidence to support that belief when it comes t

43、o cancer. Moreover, the “ tyranny “ of positive thinking often becomes just one more burden for the sick. It was research in the 1970s and “80s that first popularized the idea that attitude might affect cancer outcomes. Such research led doctors to encourage patients to think happy thoughts and visu

44、alize their immune system blasting away cancer cells. But most of those studies have been dismissed as either flawed or inconclusive. A review of 37 studies that was published in the British Medical Journal in 2002 found that although a positive outlook does correlate with the perception of less pai

45、n by patientsa real benefit-there is “little consistent evidence that coping styles play an important part in survival from or recurrence of cancer.“ Still, the optimism theory remains attractive. One reason is that Americans live in a culture that desires control. We want to believe that we can bea

46、t cancer by imposing our will on the disease. A better reason is that mental states like depression and chronic anxiety have been shown to have physical consequences that affect the progression of such illnesses as heart disease and diabetes. While a similar connection is biologically plausible for

47、cancer, it is far from proven. Even researchers who believe that studies will ultimately establish links between stress and the progression of cancer, like Stanford“s Dr. David Spiegel, know the picture is complex. “It isn“t a matter of “Fix it in your mind, and you fix it in your body, “ “ he says,

48、 “but it would be strange if what goes on in our minds didn“t affect how our bodies deal with illness.“ So where does that leave cancer patients? Doctors know that individuals will always bring their own dispositionsunny, sour or sarcasticto bear on their illness and treatment. Pressuring them to be

49、 models of positive thinking is useless. Worse, it could cause them to hide their fears and reject support. But clinicians must remain alert for signs of depression, which can affect the outcome of any disease if it interferes with treatment. And many patients will also needand welcomehelp to improve poor coping skills. Spiegel says, “Having worked with people with life-threatening illnesses for 30 gears, it“s clear that there are better and worse ways to deal with these things.“ False optimism isn“t helpful, but neither is despair.（分数：5.00