翻译资格考试三级实务(笔译)4及答案解析.doc
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1、翻译资格考试三级实务(笔译)4 及答案解析(总分:2.00,做题时间:120 分钟)一、PART 1 English-Chin(总题数:1,分数:1.00)1. The importance of agriculture cannot be overstated. More than 50 percent of the worlds labor force is employed in agriculture. The distribution in the early 1980s ranged from 67 percent of those employed in Africa to le
2、ss than 5 percent in North America. In Western Europe, the figure was about 16 percent; in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, about 32 percent; and in Asia, about 68 percent. Farm size varies widely from region to region. Recently the average for Canadian farms was about 186 ha (about 460 acres) p
3、er farm, and for U.S. farms, about 175 ha (about 432 acres). The average size of a single landholding in the Philippines, however, may be somewhat less than 3.6 ha (less than 9 acres), and in Indonesia, a little less than 1.2 ha (less than 3 acres). Size also depends on the purpose of the farm. Comm
4、ercial farming, or production for cash, is usually done on large holdings. The plantations of Latin America are large, privately owned estates worked by tenant labor. Single-crop plantations produce tea, rubber, cocoa. Wheat farms are most efficient when they comprise some thousands of hectares and
5、can be worked by teams of people and machines. Australian sheep stations and other livestock farms must be large to provide grazing for thousands of animals. Individual subsistence farms or small-family mixed-farm operations are decreasing in number in developed countries but are still numerous in t
6、he developing countries of Africa and Asia. A “back-to-the-land“ movement in the U.S. reversed the decline of small farms in New England and Alaska in the decade from 1970 to 1980. The conditions that determine what will be raised in an area include climate, water supply, and terrain. Over the 10,00
7、0 years since agriculture began to be developed, peoples everywhere have discovered the food value of wild plants and animals and domesticated and bred them. The most important are cereals such as wheat, rice, barley, corn and rye. Agricultural income is also derived from non-food crops such as rubb
8、er, fiber plants, tobacco, and oilseeds used in synthetic chemical compounds. Money is also derived from raising animals for pelt. Much of the foreign exchange earned by a country may be derived from a single commodity; for example, Sri Lanka depends on tea, Denmark specializes in dairy products, Au
9、stralia in wool, and New Zealand and Argentina in meat products. In the U.S., wheat has become a major foreign exchange commodity in recent years. The importance of an individual country as an exporter of agricultural products depends on many variables. Among them is the possibility that the country
10、 is too little developed industrially to produce manufactured goods in sufficient quantity or technical sophistication. Such agricultural exporters include Ghana with cocoa, and Myanmar with rice. On the other hand, an exceptionally well-developed country may produce surpluses not needed by its own
11、population; this has been true of the U.S., Canada, and some of the West European countries.(分数:1.00)_二、PART 2 Chinese-Engl(总题数:1,分数:1.00)2. 由于西藏地处“世界屋脊”,自然条件恶劣,也由于几百年落后的封建农奴制社会形成的各种社会历史条件的限制,西藏在全国还属于不发达地区。但是,50 年的发展已经极大地改变了其昔日贫穷落后的面貌,西藏人民生活质量大大提高。社会经济的发展极大地丰富了人民的物质文化生活。2000 年,西藏全区各族人民已基本摆脱贫困,实现温饱。部
12、分群众生活达到了小康水平。随着人民生活逐步富裕,冰箱、彩电、洗衣机、摩托车、手表等消费品进入了越来越多寻常百姓家。不少富裕起来的农牧民盖起了新房,有的还购买了汽车。西藏目前的人均居住面积处于全国首位。广播、电视、通信、互联网等现代信息传递手段已深入到人民群众的日常生活。绝大多数地区的百姓能够通过收听收看广播、电视,了 解全国和全世界各地的新闻。当地百姓能够通过电话、电报、传真或互联网等手段获取信息资料,并与全国和全世界各地取得联系。由于缺医少药状况得到根本改变,人民群众的健康水平大幅度提高。西藏人均预期寿命由二十世纪五十年代的 35.5 岁增加到现在的 67 岁。 (分数:1.00)_翻译资格
13、考试三级实务(笔译)4 答案解析(总分:2.00,做题时间:120 分钟)一、PART 1 English-Chin(总题数:1,分数:1.00)1. The importance of agriculture cannot be overstated. More than 50 percent of the worlds labor force is employed in agriculture. The distribution in the early 1980s ranged from 67 percent of those employed in Africa to less th
14、an 5 percent in North America. In Western Europe, the figure was about 16 percent; in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, about 32 percent; and in Asia, about 68 percent. Farm size varies widely from region to region. Recently the average for Canadian farms was about 186 ha (about 460 acres) per fa
15、rm, and for U.S. farms, about 175 ha (about 432 acres). The average size of a single landholding in the Philippines, however, may be somewhat less than 3.6 ha (less than 9 acres), and in Indonesia, a little less than 1.2 ha (less than 3 acres). Size also depends on the purpose of the farm. Commercia
16、l farming, or production for cash, is usually done on large holdings. The plantations of Latin America are large, privately owned estates worked by tenant labor. Single-crop plantations produce tea, rubber, cocoa. Wheat farms are most efficient when they comprise some thousands of hectares and can b
17、e worked by teams of people and machines. Australian sheep stations and other livestock farms must be large to provide grazing for thousands of animals. Individual subsistence farms or small-family mixed-farm operations are decreasing in number in developed countries but are still numerous in the de
18、veloping countries of Africa and Asia. A “back-to-the-land“ movement in the U.S. reversed the decline of small farms in New England and Alaska in the decade from 1970 to 1980. The conditions that determine what will be raised in an area include climate, water supply, and terrain. Over the 10,000 yea
19、rs since agriculture began to be developed, peoples everywhere have discovered the food value of wild plants and animals and domesticated and bred them. The most important are cereals such as wheat, rice, barley, corn and rye. Agricultural income is also derived from non-food crops such as rubber, f
20、iber plants, tobacco, and oilseeds used in synthetic chemical compounds. Money is also derived from raising animals for pelt. Much of the foreign exchange earned by a country may be derived from a single commodity; for example, Sri Lanka depends on tea, Denmark specializes in dairy products, Austral
21、ia in wool, and New Zealand and Argentina in meat products. In the U.S., wheat has become a major foreign exchange commodity in recent years. The importance of an individual country as an exporter of agricultural products depends on many variables. Among them is the possibility that the country is t
22、oo little developed industrially to produce manufactured goods in sufficient quantity or technical sophistication. Such agricultural exporters include Ghana with cocoa, and Myanmar with rice. On the other hand, an exceptionally well-developed country may produce surpluses not needed by its own popul
23、ation; this has been true of the U.S., Canada, and some of the West European countries.(分数:1.00)_正确答案:( 农业的重要性怎样强调都不为过。世界百分之五十以上的劳动力从事农业。二十世纪八十年代初,农业劳动力的比例在非洲高达百分之六十七,在北美洲则不足百分之五,在西欧约为百分之十六,在东欧和苏联约为百分之三十二,在亚洲则约为百分之六十八。 农场规模因地而异,差别很大。直到最近,加拿大农场的规模平均约为 186 公顷(约合 460 英亩),美国农场的规模约为 175 公顷(约合 432 英亩)。但在菲
24、律宾,私人农场的规模平均略少于 3.6 公顷(不足 9 英亩),在印度尼西亚则略少于 1.2 公顷(不足3 英亩)。 农场的规模还取决于其用途。大农场通常从事商业耕种,或者说为赚钱而生产。拉丁美洲的大庄园就是大片的私有土地,雇人劳动。单一作物的种植园生产茶叶、橡胶或可可。生产小麦的农场最有效益。它们拥有几千公顷土地,雇佣一群群工人,并使用机器。澳大利亚牧羊场和其它畜牧场的规模一定要大到足以能为成千的牲畜提供充足的饲料。 零散的维持生计的个体农场,或者说混合经营的小规模家庭农场,在发达国家已日渐减少,但在非洲和亚洲的发展中国家里仍大量存在。美国的“返回田地”运动扭转了 l970 至 1980 这
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