翻译二级笔译实务2007年05月及答案解析.doc

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1、翻译二级笔译实务 2007年 05月及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section English-Ch(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Compulsory Tr(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.Strolling beside Amsterdam“s oldest canals, where buildings carry dates like 1541 and 1603, it is easy to imagine the city“s prosperity in the 17th century. Replace today“s bicycle

2、s and cars with horse-drawn carts, add more barges on the waterways, and this is essentially how Amsterdam must have looked to Rembrandt as he did his rounds of wealthy merchants. Such musings are not, of course, unprompted. This year, Amsterdam is celebrating the 400th anniversary of Rembrandt“s bi

3、rth, and it is hard to escape his shadow. His birthplace in Leiden, 20 miles south, has naturally organized its own festivities. But Amsterdam has two advantages: it boasts the world“s largest Rembrandt collectionand tourists like to come here anyway. True, anniversaries can be pretty corny, but wha

4、t city resists them? This year, Amsterdam is competing with Salzburg, where Mozart was born 250 years ago, and Aix-en-Provence, where Czanne died a century ago. A sign in Amsterdam“s tourist office by the Central Station hints at one motive for such occasions: “Buy your Rembrandt products here.“ Sti

5、ll, if you start off by liking Rembrandt, as I do, there is much to discover. For instance, when in Amsterdam I always make a point of paying homage to the Rembrandt masterpieces in the Rijksmuseum, yet until now I had never bothered to visit Rembrandt House, where the painter lived from 1639 until

6、driven out by bankruptcy in 1658. In brief, had never much connected his art to his person. Now, at least, I have made a stab at doing so because, for this anniversary (he was born on July 15, 1606), Amsterdam has organized a host of events that offer insights into Rembrandt“s world. They highlight

7、not only what is known about his life, but also the people he painted and the city he lived in from the age of 25 until his death at 63 in 1669. Although the Rijksmuseum is undergoing a massive renovation through 2009, the museum is not snubbing its favorite son. Throughout the year, in part of the

8、building to be renovated last, it is presenting some 400 paintings and other 17th-century objects representing the Golden Age in which Rembrandt prospered. These include works by Jan Steen, Vermeer and Frans Hals as well as by Rembrandt and his pupils. And they climax with Rembrandt“s largest and be

9、st known oil, “The Night Watch,“ itself the focus of “Nightwatching,“ a light and sound installation by the British movie director and Amsterdam resident, Peter Greenaway. （分数：30.00）_三、Part B Choice of Two(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Topic 1(总题数：1，分数：30.00)2.The arsenal of antibiotics strong enough to squelch n

10、asty bacteria is rapidly dwindling worldwide, which makes worried infectious-disease doctors more intent than ever that the drugs be deployed only when strictly needed. These specialists know that every antibiotic carries its own risks, and that the more frequently and broadly a drug is used, the mo

11、re likely it is that harmful microbes will develop tricks to sidestep it. But a team of researchers in the Netherlands, where a more selective use of antibiotics has led to much lower levels of resistant bacteria than are circulating in the United States, thinks the medical finger-waggers have not g

12、one far enough. “As doctors, we“ve paid a lot of attention to questions of which antibiotics we should use to treat what sorts of infections, but have focused much less on how long that treatment should last,“ said Dr. Jan Prins of the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam. In a small but provocative

13、 study published in the June 10 issue of the British medical journal BMJ, Dr. Prins and colleagues from nine hospitals suggested that even some cases of pneumoniaa potentially life-threatening diseasecould be treated with a three-day course of antibiotics, rather than the conventional 7-to 10-day tr

14、eatment. The Dutch study analyzed the cure rates of 186 adults who had been hospitalized with mild to moderately severe pneumonia. All received three days of intravenous amoxicillin to start. After that, the 119 who were showing substantial improvement were randomly divided into two groups; about ha

15、lf continued with another five-day course of oral amoxicillin, and the others got look-alike sugar pills. Neither the patients nor the doctors knew who was getting which treatment until the end of their participation in the study. By the end of treatment, roughly 89 percent of the patients in each g

16、roup were cured of their lung infections without further intervention. In a commentary accompanying the study, Dr. John Paul, a microbiologist at Sussex County Hospital in Brighton, England, writes that, at least for a subset of patients with uncomplicated, community-acquired pneumonia, the finding

17、“suggests that current guidelines recommending 7-10 days should be revised.“ As lead investigator of the Dutch study, Dr. Prins was not ready to go quite that far. He cited the study“s small size and the seriousness of the illness as a reason to wait until the finding is independently replicated bef

18、ore advising a wholesale change in practice. （分数：30.00）_五、Topic 2(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Section Chinese-En(总题数：2，分数：40.00)3.四川从今年开始将新建三个大熊猫自然保护区，使全省的大熊猫自然保护区达到 40个，以确保 50%左右的大熊猫栖息地和 60%左右的野生大熊猫个体分布在保护区内。 目前，四川省共有 37个大熊猫自然保护区，占地 200多万公顷，其中国家级大熊猫自然保护区 11个。据第三次全国大熊猫普查，四川省野外的大熊猫数量为 1206只，约占全国的 76%。全省大熊猫栖息地面积达

19、到 177万公顷，占全国的 77%。 20世纪 50年代，中国就创立了第一个以保护大熊猫为目的的自然保护区。1992 年中国政府启动了一个旨在全面彻底保护大熊猫栖息地的“中国保护大熊猫及其栖息地工程”，1998 年开展了天然林保护、退耕还林等生态工程建设，这些工程开展以后，大熊猫生存繁衍状况明显好转。 大熊猫是世界上最珍贵的濒危动物之一，被称为活化石。目前，野生大熊猫仅存 1590只左右，主要分布在四川和陕西。 （分数：20.00）_4.能源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。纵观人类社会发展的历史，人类文明的每一次重大进步都伴随着能源的改进和更替。能源的开发利用极大地推进了世界经济和人类

20、社会的发展。 过去 100多年里，发达国家先后完成了工业化，消耗了地球上大量的自然资源，特别是能源资源。当前，一些发展中国家正在步入工业化阶段，能源消费增加是经济社会发展的客观必然。 中国是当今世界上最大的发展中国家，发展经济，摆脱贫困，是中国政府和中国人民在相当长一段时期内的主要任务。20 世纪 70年代末以来，中国作为世界上发展最快的发展中国家，经济社会发展取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就，成功地开辟了中国特色社会主义道路，为世界的发展和繁荣做出了重大贡献。 中国是目前世界上第二位能源生产国和消费国。能源供应持续增长，为经济社会发展提供了重要的支撑。能源消费的快速增长，为世界能源市场创造了广阔的发

21、展空间。中国已经成为世界能源市场不可或缺的重要组成部分，对维护全球能源安全，正在发挥着越来越重要的积极作用。 （分数：20.00）_翻译二级笔译实务 2007年 05月答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section English-Ch(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Compulsory Tr(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.Strolling beside Amsterdam“s oldest canals, where buildings carry dates like 1541 and 1603, it is easy to imagine t

22、he city“s prosperity in the 17th century. Replace today“s bicycles and cars with horse-drawn carts, add more barges on the waterways, and this is essentially how Amsterdam must have looked to Rembrandt as he did his rounds of wealthy merchants. Such musings are not, of course, unprompted. This year,

23、 Amsterdam is celebrating the 400th anniversary of Rembrandt“s birth, and it is hard to escape his shadow. His birthplace in Leiden, 20 miles south, has naturally organized its own festivities. But Amsterdam has two advantages: it boasts the world“s largest Rembrandt collectionand tourists like to c

24、ome here anyway. True, anniversaries can be pretty corny, but what city resists them? This year, Amsterdam is competing with Salzburg, where Mozart was born 250 years ago, and Aix-en-Provence, where Czanne died a century ago. A sign in Amsterdam“s tourist office by the Central Station hints at one m

25、otive for such occasions: “Buy your Rembrandt products here.“ Still, if you start off by liking Rembrandt, as I do, there is much to discover. For instance, when in Amsterdam I always make a point of paying homage to the Rembrandt masterpieces in the Rijksmuseum, yet until now I had never bothered t

26、o visit Rembrandt House, where the painter lived from 1639 until driven out by bankruptcy in 1658. In brief, had never much connected his art to his person. Now, at least, I have made a stab at doing so because, for this anniversary (he was born on July 15, 1606), Amsterdam has organized a host of e

27、vents that offer insights into Rembrandt“s world. They highlight not only what is known about his life, but also the people he painted and the city he lived in from the age of 25 until his death at 63 in 1669. Although the Rijksmuseum is undergoing a massive renovation through 2009, the museum is no

28、t snubbing its favorite son. Throughout the year, in part of the building to be renovated last, it is presenting some 400 paintings and other 17th-century objects representing the Golden Age in which Rembrandt prospered. These include works by Jan Steen, Vermeer and Frans Hals as well as by Rembrand

29、t and his pupils. And they climax with Rembrandt“s largest and best known oil, “The Night Watch,“ itself the focus of “Nightwatching,“ a light and sound installation by the British movie director and Amsterdam resident, Peter Greenaway. （分数：30.00）_正确答案：()解析：阿姆斯特丹古老的运河旁矗立着许多年代久远的老建筑，在这里(甚至)能看到 1541年和

30、 1603年修建的建筑。沿着这些运河徜徉漫步，人们不禁会浮想：17 世纪的阿姆斯特丹该是何等的繁华!当年伦勃朗在这里为富商巨贾作画，他眼中的阿姆斯特丹想必是马车熙攘，驳船如织，一派繁忙景象，而今天的阿姆斯特丹则是自行车和汽车的天下，河道水运已不复往昔。 当然，产生这种联想对比自有缘由。今年恰逢伦勃朗 400周年诞辰纪念，阿姆斯特丹到处都有伦勃朗的“身影”。作为伦勃朗的出生地、位于阿姆斯特丹以南 20英里的莱顿也举办了各种纪念活动。不过，阿姆斯特丹的纪念活动有两大优势：一是这里关于伦勃朗的收藏品是世界上最多的，二是阿姆斯特丹本身就是旅游胜地。 诚然，周年纪念活动难免落入俗套，但又有哪个城市能抵制

31、住诱惑呢?今年除了阿姆斯特丹的伦勃朗周年纪念活动，还有萨尔斯堡的莫扎特 250周年纪念活动以及艾克斯普罗旺斯的塞尚逝世百年祭活动。在中央车站附近的阿姆斯特丹旅游办公室里有一个贴士，曰：“可在此购买伦勃朗纪念品，”可以说为此类纪念活动一语道破天机。 不过，如果你同我一样是伦勃朗的拥趸者，那么，此时到访阿姆斯特丹还是很有意义的/也肯定不虚此行。比如，以前只要到阿姆斯特丹，我都会专程去国立博物馆欣赏伦勃朗的杰作，然而，我之前从没有想过要去参观伦勃朗故居。伦勃朗从 1658年起开始在这里居住，一直到 1658年因破产而不得不搬离此地。总之，此前我从没有将伦勃朗的艺术创作与其个人生活联系在一起。 伦勃朗

32、出生于 1606年 7月 15日，阿姆斯特丹为他举办的一系列诞辰纪念活动向人们展示了伦勃朗的个人世界，我也得以开始尝试了解这位艺术巨匠的私人生活。伦勃朗从 25岁开始直到他 63岁(1669 年)去世一直生活在阿姆斯特丹。纪念活动不仅展示了早已为人所知的伦勃朗的个人生活，而且还突出展示了伦勃朗画作中相关人物的背景以及他生活过的这座城市的旧有风貌。 国立博物馆现正进行大修，要到 2009年才能完工，不过伦勃朗作为该博物馆的宠儿并未受到冷落。该博物馆分段进行翻修，按计划暂不翻修的区域全年都将展示 17世纪伦勃朗发迹的那个黄金时代的约 400幅画作和其他代表作品，其中包括扬斯滕、韦梅尔、弗朗斯哈尔斯

33、以及伦勃朗的名作，还有伦勃朗学生的一些画作。镇馆之宝当属伦勃朗的巨幅名作、油画夜巡。现居阿姆斯特丹的英国电影导演彼得格林纳威的电影夜巡就是围绕伦勃朗的这幅名作而展开的。三、Part B Choice of Two(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Topic 1(总题数：1，分数：30.00)2.The arsenal of antibiotics strong enough to squelch nasty bacteria is rapidly dwindling worldwide, which makes worried infectious-disease doctors more i

34、ntent than ever that the drugs be deployed only when strictly needed. These specialists know that every antibiotic carries its own risks, and that the more frequently and broadly a drug is used, the more likely it is that harmful microbes will develop tricks to sidestep it. But a team of researchers

35、 in the Netherlands, where a more selective use of antibiotics has led to much lower levels of resistant bacteria than are circulating in the United States, thinks the medical finger-waggers have not gone far enough. “As doctors, we“ve paid a lot of attention to questions of which antibiotics we sho

36、uld use to treat what sorts of infections, but have focused much less on how long that treatment should last,“ said Dr. Jan Prins of the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam. In a small but provocative study published in the June 10 issue of the British medical journal BMJ, Dr. Prins and colleagues

37、from nine hospitals suggested that even some cases of pneumoniaa potentially life-threatening diseasecould be treated with a three-day course of antibiotics, rather than the conventional 7-to 10-day treatment. The Dutch study analyzed the cure rates of 186 adults who had been hospitalized with mild

38、to moderately severe pneumonia. All received three days of intravenous amoxicillin to start. After that, the 119 who were showing substantial improvement were randomly divided into two groups; about half continued with another five-day course of oral amoxicillin, and the others got look-alike sugar

39、pills. Neither the patients nor the doctors knew who was getting which treatment until the end of their participation in the study. By the end of treatment, roughly 89 percent of the patients in each group were cured of their lung infections without further intervention. In a commentary accompanying

40、 the study, Dr. John Paul, a microbiologist at Sussex County Hospital in Brighton, England, writes that, at least for a subset of patients with uncomplicated, community-acquired pneumonia, the finding “suggests that current guidelines recommending 7-10 days should be revised.“ As lead investigator o

41、f the Dutch study, Dr. Prins was not ready to go quite that far. He cited the study“s small size and the seriousness of the illness as a reason to wait until the finding is independently replicated before advising a wholesale change in practice. （分数：30.00）_正确答案：()解析：强效抗生素的种类在世界范围内快速减少，许多传染性疾病专科医生对此忧

42、心忡忡，要求对使用抗生素严加控制的呼声也空前高涨。 传染性疾病专科医生很清楚，所有抗生素都有副作用，一种抗生素使用越频繁、越广泛，有害病菌对其产生抗药性的概率就越大。荷兰对抗生素使用管理更为严格，病菌抗药性要比美国低得多。现在，荷兰的一组研究人员认为医疗工作者对滥用抗生素的反思还不够深刻。 阿姆斯特丹学术研究中心的简普林斯说：“作为医生，我们一直都非常重视选择抗生素时要对症下药，但是却忽视了抗生素的合理治疗疗程。” 普林斯医生和来自 9家医院的同行共同开展了小规模研究，研究结果发表在 6月 10日这一期的英国医学杂志上。研究结果显示，即便是肺炎这种可致命性疾病，对有些患者而言，经过 3天的抗生

43、素治疗就可痊愈，并不需要按照惯例疗程进行 7至 10天的治疗，这一研究结果备受争议。 荷兰研究人员对 186名轻、中度肺炎患者的治愈率进行了研究分析。所有患者开始时都接受了 3天的阿莫西林静脉注射治疗。之后，对治疗效果明显改善的 119名患者随机分成两组，一组继续进行为期 5天的阿莫西林口服治疗，另一组则服用安慰剂。在研究结束前，患者和医生都不清楚哪一组是比照组。 在疗程结束时，两组中都有约 89%的患者获得治愈，不再需要进一步干预治疗。约翰保罗医生是英格兰布莱顿苏塞克斯郡医院的微生物学家。保罗医生在为这项研究撰写的评论中指出，研究结果“表明，至少对于一小部分无并发症的社区获得性肺炎患者而言，

44、现行的 7至 10天的抗生素治疗推荐疗程应予以修正。” 普林斯医生是该项研究的带头人，他认为现在谈修正推荐疗程为时尚早。他说，这项研究规模较小，作为研究对象的患者病情并不十分严重，在其他独立研究得出类似结论之前，不应急于修正临床抗生素应用推荐疗程。五、Topic 2(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Section Chinese-En(总题数：2，分数：40.00)3.四川从今年开始将新建三个大熊猫自然保护区，使全省的大熊猫自然保护区达到 40个，以确保 50%左右的大熊猫栖息地和 60%左右的野生大熊猫个体分布在保护区内。 目前，四川省共有 37个大熊猫自然保护区，占地 200多万公顷，其中

45、国家级大熊猫自然保护区 11个。据第三次全国大熊猫普查，四川省野外的大熊猫数量为 1206只，约占全国的 76%。全省大熊猫栖息地面积达到 177万公顷，占全国的 77%。 20世纪 50年代，中国就创立了第一个以保护大熊猫为目的的自然保护区。1992 年中国政府启动了一个旨在全面彻底保护大熊猫栖息地的“中国保护大熊猫及其栖息地工程”，1998 年开展了天然林保护、退耕还林等生态工程建设，这些工程开展以后，大熊猫生存繁衍状况明显好转。 大熊猫是世界上最珍贵的濒危动物之一，被称为活化石。目前，野生大熊猫仅存 1590只左右，主要分布在四川和陕西。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Thr

46、ee new nature reserves for giant pandas are to be added to the existing protection network in Sichuan from this year. These new shelters will, once in place, bring the total number of natural refuges for the endangered species to 40 in the southwestern province of China. All the conservation areas p

47、romise to cover 50% of all habitats of giant pandas, providing shelter for roughly 60% of the wild population. At the moment, Sichuan is home to 37 nature reserves dedicated to giant pandas, 11 of which are state-level. These sanctuaries cover a combined area of over 2 million hectares. According to the third national census on giant panda population, 1,206 giant pandas or 76% of the national total are living in the wild in Sichuan. Habitat area of giant pandas in the province stands at 1.77 million hectares, accounting for 77% of the national