翻译二级口译实务2004年11月及答案解析.doc

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1、翻译二级口译实务 2004 年 11 月及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.BPassage 1/B 下面你将听到联合国秘书长接受有关奖项的一段讲话。 Mr. Chairman, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, I should like, first of all, to once again thank the Norwegian Nobel Committee for the award they have made to the United Nations Peace-K

2、eeping Operations. Their decision has been acclaimed all over the world. I take this opportunity also to express once again my deep gratitude to the countries, which have contributed troops or provided logistical support to these operations. It is to their willing cooperation that we owe the success

3、 of this great experiment in conflict control. Peacethe word evokes the simplest and most cherished dream of humanity. Peace is, and has always been, the ultimate human aspiration. And yet our history shows that while we speak incessantly of peace, our actions tell a very different story. Peace is a

4、n easy word to say in any language. As Secretary-General of the United Nations, I hear it so frequently from so many different mouths and different sources, that it sometimes seems to me to be a general incantation more or less deprived of practical meaning. What do we really mean by peace? Human na

5、ture being what it is, peace must inevitably be a relative condition. The essence of life is struggle and competition, and to the extent perfect peace is an almost meaningless abstraction. Struggle and competition arc stimulating, but when they degenerate into conflict they are usually both destruct

6、ive and disruptive. The aim of political institutions like the UN is to draw the line between struggle and conflict and to make it possible for nations to stay on the right side of the line. Peace-keeping operations are one very practical means of doing this. What we are trying to create in the UN i

7、s a world where nations recognize at the same time the ultimate futility of war and the collective responsibility that men and women everywhere share for ensuring a decent future. All human experience seems to show that in international, as in national, affairs, rule of law is an essential objective

8、 for any society wishing to survive in reasonable conditions. We now recognize that all humanitythe whole population of this planethas in many respects become, through the revolutionary force of technological and other changes, a single society. The evolution of international law and international a

9、uthority may well be decisive in determining whether this global society is going to survive in reasonable conditions. In a larger perspective, we must work towards a time when war will cease to be an acceptable option of national policy or a possible means of settling disputes, and when a reliable

10、international system will take its place. From this perspective, the development of international peace-keeping has an essential place, just as the concept of a civil police was essential to the development of rule of law within nation states. I hope that the attention now being given to peace-keepi

11、ng, which is symbolized by the award of the Nobel Peace Prize, will not only strengthen our capacity to conduct the affairs of nations but also stimulate a wider effort to consider the new means and the new institutions needed to ensure a better common future. Thank you.（分数：25.00）_2.BPassage 2/B 下面你

12、将听到外国媒体就中国艾滋病问题的一段评论。 HIV/AIDS is now recognized clearly as a growing threat to China. According to official Chinese estimates, China now has approximately 840,000 persons infected with HIV. As of the end of 2003, only 62,159 persons had been tested and officially confirmed to be HIV-positive. The r

13、emaining HIV-positive persons in China, estimated at 780,000 persons or more, are not known to public health authorities, and the individuals themselves probably do not know their status, posing significant risks for the further spread of HIV. Senior Chinese officials, as well as international exper

14、ts operational in China, now assert that HIV is steadily moving from source population such as injecting drug users and commercial sex workers into the general population. However, China has made important advances in outlook, policy and resource commitments. New leaders have emerged in China with a

15、 stronger commitment to improving social welfare and to addressing HIV/AIDS in particular. China has initiated a more proactive response to the HIV/AIDS challenge, including a national treatment and care program. New policy guidelines promote “four frees and one care“: free drug treatment for poor c

16、itizens, free testing and counseling for poor citizens, free treatment to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, free schooling for AIDS orphans, and care for families affected by HIV/AIDS. Senior leaders have committed to implementing harm reduction strategies, including condom-promotion, nee

17、dle exchange, and methadone substitution therapy for drug addicts. Formidable challenges lie ahead. In spite of many positive developments, daunting challengespolitical, technical, and normativelie ahead for China to combat HIV/AIDS. It is difficult to overstate the scale and challenges in terms of

18、planning, costs, logistics, human resources, technical capacity, and the pervasive problems posed by stigma. Weak and incomplete national HIV testing and surveillance system, debilitated and dysfunctional public health system, particularly in rural areas, serious lack of qualified personnel and the

19、necessary equipment and technologies to properly diagnose, counsel, treat, monitor and care for HIV/AIDS, just to name a few. US-based commentators have suggested that success in addressing HIV/AIDS in China will require continued high-level leadership, both in China and internationally. For engaged

20、 US policymakers, as well as country leaders and heads of international organizations, priority should lie in near-to medium-term steps which sustain Chinese leaderships focus on HIV/AIDS and public health. Chinas formidable structural and organizational weaknesses must be addressed systematically.

21、Failure to implement a more strategically coordinated plan risks the loss of inter national support over time. Prevention and awareness should receive higher priority in Chinas strategic national plan to combat HIV/AIDS. And human resources development, through education and training of medical prof

22、essionals, is crucial.（分数：25.00）_二、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)3.BPassage 1/B 下面你将听到一段关于中国法制建设的讲话。 当今是法行天下的时代。国运之兴盛，政治之昌明，社会之稳定，经济之发展，民族之团结，文化之繁荣，人民之安居乐业，都离不开法律之维系和法律之保障。中国也不例外。一个国家采取什么样的治国方略，关系着国家的前途和命运， 20 世纪末，拥有十二亿人口的中国向全世界宣示了它的治国方略依法治国，并在此道路上迈出了坚实的步伐：一个适应社会主义市场经济的法律体系正在发育成熟；一个转变政府职能，严格依法行政的变革正在有序进行：

23、一场围绕公正与效率的司法体制改革正在不断深化，一项把法律交给亿万人民的宏大社会工程正在深入持久地进行。 诸位知道，实现经济发展，宪法是最重要最根本的法律保障。新中国成立初期，对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业完成社会主义改造后，公有制成了主要所有制模式，私有经济没有合法的地位，计划经济成了主要的经济体制模式，企业自身没有经营的自主权；按劳分配成了主要的分配模式，公民没有按劳分配收入外的其他收入。在这种经济制度下，中国的经济发展非常缓慢。 1978 年，中国开始实行改革开放。1988 年，中国对现行宪法进行第一次修正，确认了私有经济的合法地位；1993年，中国对现行宪法又进行了修正，明确国家实行社会

24、主义市场经济。宪法的变革，促进了公有经济和私有经济的共同发展，促进了国家综合国力的增强和人民生活的改善，给中国的政治、经济、社会生活带来了深刻变革。（分数：25.00）_4.BPassage 2/B 下面你将听到一段回忆邓小平同志的发言。 上个世纪 70 年代末，我参加了第四次全国文代会，大会上小平同志致辞时获得的长时间的热烈掌声给我留下了极深的印象。这次大会是文艺界经历十年浩劫后的第次盛会，也是小平同志复出后第一次代表党中央、国务院同广大文艺工作者见面。 1960 年的第三次文代会后，文艺界一直处于“多事之秋”。由于林彪、“四人帮”推行极“左”路线，许多有杰出贡献的作家、艺术家相继被打成“走

25、资派”或“反动权威”，受到打击，有的被迫害致死。许多本来优秀的作品或正确的理论观点，被扣上“毒草”的帽子，受到批判清剿。经过十多年的折腾，文艺界已经溃不成军了。 小平同志的“致辞”就是代表中央对文艺界重新估价，也是来为文艺工作者鼓劲的。我记得，小平同志一走到讲台，全场就响起雷鸣般的掌声。此后在小平同志的整个讲话里，全场一次次地响起热烈的、暴风雨般的掌声。 记得很多年前，塔斯社在发表苏联领导人讲话时，在每个段落之后都要用括号标明“掌声”、“热烈掌声”、“暴风雨般的掌声”、“雷鸣般的掌声”，来表现演讲效果。后来听说，有些不完全符合事实。但是，用这些词形容小平同志的讲话，确实是一点也不过分，那些掌声

26、确实是非常真诚和由衷的。（分数：25.00）_翻译二级口译实务 2004 年 11 月答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.BPassage 1/B 下面你将听到联合国秘书长接受有关奖项的一段讲话。 Mr. Chairman, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, I should like, first of all, to once again thank the Norwegian Nobel Committee for the award they have made to the

27、United Nations Peace-Keeping Operations. Their decision has been acclaimed all over the world. I take this opportunity also to express once again my deep gratitude to the countries, which have contributed troops or provided logistical support to these operations. It is to their willing cooperation t

28、hat we owe the success of this great experiment in conflict control. Peacethe word evokes the simplest and most cherished dream of humanity. Peace is, and has always been, the ultimate human aspiration. And yet our history shows that while we speak incessantly of peace, our actions tell a very diffe

29、rent story. Peace is an easy word to say in any language. As Secretary-General of the United Nations, I hear it so frequently from so many different mouths and different sources, that it sometimes seems to me to be a general incantation more or less deprived of practical meaning. What do we really m

30、ean by peace? Human nature being what it is, peace must inevitably be a relative condition. The essence of life is struggle and competition, and to the extent perfect peace is an almost meaningless abstraction. Struggle and competition arc stimulating, but when they degenerate into conflict they are

31、 usually both destructive and disruptive. The aim of political institutions like the UN is to draw the line between struggle and conflict and to make it possible for nations to stay on the right side of the line. Peace-keeping operations are one very practical means of doing this. What we are trying

32、 to create in the UN is a world where nations recognize at the same time the ultimate futility of war and the collective responsibility that men and women everywhere share for ensuring a decent future. All human experience seems to show that in international, as in national, affairs, rule of law is

33、an essential objective for any society wishing to survive in reasonable conditions. We now recognize that all humanitythe whole population of this planethas in many respects become, through the revolutionary force of technological and other changes, a single society. The evolution of international l

34、aw and international authority may well be decisive in determining whether this global society is going to survive in reasonable conditions. In a larger perspective, we must work towards a time when war will cease to be an acceptable option of national policy or a possible means of settling disputes

35、, and when a reliable international system will take its place. From this perspective, the development of international peace-keeping has an essential place, just as the concept of a civil police was essential to the development of rule of law within nation states. I hope that the attention now bein

36、g given to peace-keeping, which is symbolized by the award of the Nobel Peace Prize, will not only strengthen our capacity to conduct the affairs of nations but also stimulate a wider effort to consider the new means and the new institutions needed to ensure a better common future. Thank you.（分数：25.

37、00）_正确答案：()解析：主席先生，各位使节，女士们，先生们： 首先我要再次感谢挪威诺贝尔奖委员会决定颁奖给联合国维持和平行动。他们的决定受到了全世界的欢迎。我还要借此机会向那些为维和行动派遣部队或提供后勤支援的国家表示深切的谢意。我们要把这种成功遏止冲突的伟大实验归功于他们的自愿合作。 和平，这个词唤起了对人性最朴素、最珍爱的梦想。和平现在是，而且始终是人类最热切的渴望。然而我们的历史却表明，当我们喋喋不休地谈论和平时，我们的行动却在讲述着完全不同的故事。和平在任何语言中都是一个很上口的词。作为联合国秘书长，我从不同的语言中和不同的地方经常听到它，以至于有时在我看来，这个词多多少少变成了没

38、有真实意义的口头禅。 我们所说的和平到底意味着什么?依人性本来的样子，和平必定只是一种相对状态。生命的本质是斗争和竞争。在某种程度上，纯粹的和平几乎是毫无意义的抽象。斗争和竞争是激动人心的，但如果它发展成为冲突，常会具有毁灭性和扰乱性。建立联合国这类政治机构的目的就是要划定斗争和冲突的界线，使各国能站在正确的一边。维和行动就是达到这样日标的实际手段。 我们在联合国正努力建立的是这样一个世界：在那里，各国都认识到战争最终于事无补，同时世界各地的男男女女为确保人类的美好未来共同承担了集体责任。所有人类经验都表明，在国际事务中，正如在国内事务中，任何想在理性状态下生存的社会都会把法治作为至关重要的目

39、标。我们现在认识到，在技术和其他革命性变革的推动下，整个人类，这个星球上的全部人口，已组成了一个单一的社会。国际法和国际权威的演变或许决定着这个全球社会能否在理性状态下生存。 从广泛的角度看，我们必须为这样的时刻而工作：到那时，战争将不再是一种可接受的国策选择或解决争端的可行手段；到那时，一个可靠的国际体系将会取而代之。由此看来，国际维和事业的发展占有至关重要的地位，正如民事警察对民族国家内部的法治建设占有至关重要的地位一样。我希望对维和事业给予的关注其标志是此次诺贝尔奖的颁发不仅能增强我们处理国际事务的能力，还将激发更加广泛的努力来思考：我们应采取什么样的新手段和建立什么样的新机构来创建我们

40、更美好的未来。 解析 本文是关于世界和平的演讲。文章深入探讨了世界和平问题，描述了未来工作的方向。本文要求应试者具有一定国际政治方面的专门知识，掌握某些国际机构的名称，这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容，在较为短暂的时间内，应试者还需对复杂的长难句作出判断，使翻译不仅信息完整正确，还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上，应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语作出判断，使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 基本素质采分点 1excellency 使节 2Norwegian Nobel Committee 挪威诺贝尔奖委员会 3the United Nations Peace-Keeping Oper

41、ation 联合国维持和平行动 4Secretary-General (联合国) 秘书长 5Nobel Peace Prize 诺贝尔和平奖 结构理解采分点 1Human nature being what it is, peace must inevitably be a relative condition 原句使用了分词独立主格结构，其中又含有 what 引导的表语从句，译文依照独立主格特点，将其仍按状语处理，但把表语从句译为前置定语。因此，原句可译为“依人性本来的样子，和平必定只是一种相对状态。” 2The aim of political institutions like the

42、UN is to draw the line between struggle and conflict and to make it possible for nations to stay on the right side of the line 该句译文符合中文句子将修饰性成分前置的特点，且将原句拆分成相对简短的两个句子。因此，原句可译为“建立联合国这类政治机构的目的就是要划定斗争和冲突的界线，使各国能站在正确的一边。维和行动就是达到这样目标的实际手段。” 3All human experience seems to show that in international, as in

43、national, affairs, role of law is an essential objective for any society wishing to survive in reasonable conditions 该句要求正确判断原文that 从句中的主语是 rule of law。该从句前半部分停顿较多，导致翻译时容易错误判断主语，因此有误译的可能。原句可译为“所有人类经验都表明，在国际事务中，正如在国内事务中，任何想在理性状态下生存的社会都会把法治作为至关重要的目标。” 4In a larger perspective, we must work towards a t

44、ime when war will cease to be an acceptable option of national policy or a po1ssible means of settling disputes, and when a reliable international system will take its place 该句中含有 when 引导的定语从句，修饰其前的 a time，翻译时可将主句和从句拆分为两句话，这样更符合汉语语言习惯。因此，原句可译为“从广泛的角度看，我们必须为这样的时刻而工作：到那时，战争将不再是一种可接受的国策选择或解决争端的可行手段；到那时

45、，一个可靠的国际体系将会取而代之。” 5I hope that the attention now being given to peace-keeping, which is symbolized by the award of the Nobel Peace Prize, will not only strengthen our capacity to conduct the affairs of nations but also stimulate a wider effort to consider the new means and the new institutions need

46、ed to ensure a better common future. Thank you 该句是复合句，宾语部分是that 从句，其内容是全句的重点翻译所在。该部分主要结构是 the attention.will not only strengthen.but also stimulate.，只有把握住主要结构，才能正确理解各信息之间的关系。原句可译为“我希望对维和事业给予的关注其标志是此次诺贝尔奖的颁发不仅能增强我们处理国际事务的能力，还将激发更加广泛的努力来思考：我们应采取什么样的新手段和建立什么样的新机构来创建我们更美好的未来。” 言语表达采分点 1acclaim 欢迎 2take

47、the opportunity to 利用这个机会 3provide logistical support 提供后勤支援 4evoke 刺激，激励 5ultimate human aspiration 人类最热切的渴望 6tell a very different story 却远不是这么回事 7incantation 符咒；口头禅 8to the extent 到程度 9degenerate into 下降，堕落到地步 10ultimate futility 最终于事无补2.BPassage 2/B 下面你将听到外国媒体就中国艾滋病问题的一段评论。 HIV/AIDS is now recog

48、nized clearly as a growing threat to China. According to official Chinese estimates, China now has approximately 840,000 persons infected with HIV. As of the end of 2003, only 62,159 persons had been tested and officially confirmed to be HIV-positive. The remaining HIV-positive persons in China, estimated at 780,000 p