翻译三级笔译实务-27及答案解析.doc
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1、翻译三级笔译实务-27 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section English Ch(总题数:1,分数:60.00)1.People remember emotionally charged events more easily than they recall the quotidian. A sexual encounter trumps doing the grocery shopping. A mugging trumps a journey to work. Witnessing a massacre trumps pretty well anyth
2、ing you can imagine.That is hardly surprising. Rare events that might have an impact on an individuals survival or reproduction should have a special fast lane into the memory bankand they do. It is called the 2b-adrenoceptor, and it is found in the amygdala, a part of the brain involved in processi
3、ng strong emotions such as fear. The role of the 2b-adrenoceptor is to promote memory formationbut only if it is stimulated by adrenaline. Since emotionally charged events are often accompanied by adrenaline secretion, the 2b-adrenoceptor acts as a gatekeeper that decides what will be remembered and
4、 what discarded.However, the gene that encodes this receptor comes in two varieties. That led Dominique de Quervain, of the University of Zurich, to wonder if people with one variant would have better emotional memories than those with the other. The short answer, just published in Nature Neuroscien
5、ce, is that they do. Moreover, since the frequencies of the two variants are different in different groups of people, whole populations may have different mixtures of emotional memory.The reason Dr. de Quervain suspected the variants might work differently is that the rarer one looks like the common
6、er one when the latter has a memory-enhancing drug called yohimbine attached to it. His prediction, therefore, was that better emotional memory would be associated with the rarer version.And that did, indeed, turn out to be the case in. his first experiment. This involved showing students photograph
7、s of positive scenes such as families playing together, negative scenes such as car accidents, and neutral ones, such as people on the phone. Those students with at least one gene for the rarer version of the protein (everyone has two such genes, one from his father and one from his mother) were twi
8、ce as good at remembering details of emotionally charged scenes than were those with only the common version. When phone-callers were the subject, there was no difference in the quality of recall.That is an interesting result, but some of Dr. de Quervains colleagues at the University of Konstanz, in
9、 Germany, were able to take it further in a second experiment. In fact, they took it all the way along a dusty road in Uganda, to the Nakivale refugee camp. This camp is home to hundreds of refugees of the Rwandan civil war of 1994.In this second experiment the researchers were not asking about phot
10、ographs. With the help of specially trained interviewers, they recorded how often people in the camp suffered flashbacks and nightmares about their wartime experiences. They then compared those results with the 2b-adreno-ceptor genes in their volunteers. As predicted, those with the rare version had
11、 significantly more flashbacks than those with only the common one.Besides bolstering Dr. de Quervains original hypothesis, this result is interesting because only 12% of the refugees had the rarer gene. In Switzerland, by contrast, 30% of the population has the rare varietyand the Swiss are not nor
12、mally regarded as an emotional people.Whether that result has wider implications remains to be seen. Human genetics has a notorious history of jumping to extravagant conclusions from scant data, but that does not mean conclusions should be ducked if the data are good. In this case, the statistics su
13、ggest Rwanda may have been lucky: the long-term mental-health effects of the war may not be as widespread as they would have been in people with a different genetic mix. On the other hand, are those who easily forget the horrors of history condemned to repeat them?(分数:60.00)_二、Section Chinese-En(总题数
14、:1,分数:40.00)2.清晨 3:45进行了最后表决。经过半年的争辩和最后 16个小时的国会激烈辩论,澳大利亚北部地区(即澳北州)成了世界上第一个允许医生根据病人意愿结束绝症患者生命的合法当局。这一法案是以 15票通过对 10票反对的无可争议的结果通过的。这一消息几乎同时出现在互联网上。身处地球另一端的加拿大死亡权利执行主席约翰霍夫塞斯收到这条消息后便通过协会的网上服务站“死亡之网”发了公告。他说:“我们一整天都在发布公告,这么做当然不是因为澳大利亚出了什么事情,而是因为这是要载入世界历史的。”这一立法的深刻意义可能要过一段时间才能为人们所理解。澳北州所通过的晚期病人权益法使得无论是内科医
15、生还是普通市民都同样地力图从道义和实际意义两方面来对待这一问题。有些人如释重负,另一些人,包括教会人士、生之权利组织成员以及澳大利亚医学会成员则进行了猛烈抨击,并谴责其草率通过。而安乐死潮流将不可逆转。在澳大利亚,人口老龄化、延长寿命技术以及公众态度的变化都在发挥着各自的作用。其他州也准备考虑制定类似的法规来处理安乐死问题。在美国和加拿大,死亡权利运动正在积蓄力量,观察家正等待着多米诺骨牌开始倒下。(分数:40.00)_翻译三级笔译实务-27 答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section English Ch(总题数:1,分数:60.00)1.People remem
16、ber emotionally charged events more easily than they recall the quotidian. A sexual encounter trumps doing the grocery shopping. A mugging trumps a journey to work. Witnessing a massacre trumps pretty well anything you can imagine.That is hardly surprising. Rare events that might have an impact on a
17、n individuals survival or reproduction should have a special fast lane into the memory bankand they do. It is called the 2b-adrenoceptor, and it is found in the amygdala, a part of the brain involved in processing strong emotions such as fear. The role of the 2b-adrenoceptor is to promote memory for
18、mationbut only if it is stimulated by adrenaline. Since emotionally charged events are often accompanied by adrenaline secretion, the 2b-adrenoceptor acts as a gatekeeper that decides what will be remembered and what discarded.However, the gene that encodes this receptor comes in two varieties. That
19、 led Dominique de Quervain, of the University of Zurich, to wonder if people with one variant would have better emotional memories than those with the other. The short answer, just published in Nature Neuroscience, is that they do. Moreover, since the frequencies of the two variants are different in
20、 different groups of people, whole populations may have different mixtures of emotional memory.The reason Dr. de Quervain suspected the variants might work differently is that the rarer one looks like the commoner one when the latter has a memory-enhancing drug called yohimbine attached to it. His p
21、rediction, therefore, was that better emotional memory would be associated with the rarer version.And that did, indeed, turn out to be the case in. his first experiment. This involved showing students photographs of positive scenes such as families playing together, negative scenes such as car accid
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