大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）-试卷246及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）-试卷 246及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：20.00）_2.Section A（分数：20.00）_One principle of taxation, called the benefits principle, states that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government ser

2、vices. This principle tries to make public goods similar to 1 goods. It seems reasonable that a person who often goes to the movies pays more in 2 for movie tickets than a person who rarely goes. And 3 a person who gets great benefit from a public good should pay more for it than a person who gets l

3、ittle benefit. The gasoline tax, for instance, is sometimes 4 using the benefits principle. In some states, 5 from the gasoline tax are used to build and maintain roads. Because those who buy gasoline are the same people who use the roads, the gasoline tax might be viewed as a 6 way to pay for this

4、government service. The benefits principle can also be used to argue that wealthy citizens should pay higher taxes than poorer ones, 7 because the wealthy benefit more from public services. Consider, for example, the benefits of police protection from 8. Citizens with much to protect get greater ben

5、efit from police than those with less to protect. Therefore, according to the benefits principle, the wealthy should 9 more than the poor to the cost of 10 the police force. The same argument can be used for many other public services, such as fire protection, national defense, and the court system.

6、A) adapt I) providedB) contribute J) revenuesC) exerting K) similarlyD) expenses L) simplyE) fair M) theftF) justified N) totalG) maintaining O) wealthH) private（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_As an Alaskan fisherman, Timothy June, 54, used to think th

7、at he was safe from industrial pollutants (污染物)at his home in Hainesa town with a population of 2,400 people and 4,000 eagles, with 8 million acres of protected wild land nearby. But in early 2007, June agreed to take part in a 1 of 35 Americans from seven states. It was a biomonitoring project, in

8、which peoples blood and urine (尿)were tested for 2 of chemicalsin this case, three potentially dangerous classes of compounds found in common household 3. like face cream, tin cans, and shower curtains. The results 4 in November in a report called “Is It in Us?“ by an environmental groupwere rather

9、worrying. Every one of the participants, 5 from an Illinois state senator to a Massachusetts minister, tested positive for all three classes of pollutants. And while the 6 presence of these chemicals does not 7 indicate a health risk, the fact that typical Americans carry these chemicals at all 8 Ju

10、ne and his fellow participants. Clearly, there are chemicals in our bodies that dont 9 there. A large, ongoing study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found 148 chemicals in Americans of all ages. And in 2005, die Environmental Working Group found an 10 of 200 chemicals

11、 in the blood of 10 new-borns. “Our babies are being born pre-polluted,“ says Sharyle Patton of Commonweal, which cosponsored “Is it in Us?“ “This is going to be the next big environmental issue after climate change.“A) analyses I) productsB) average J) rangingC) belong K) releasedD) demonstrated L)

12、 shockedE) excess M) simpleF) extending N) surveyG) habitually O) tracesH) necessarily（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_For decades, Americans have taken for granted the United States leadership position in the development of new technologies. The innova

13、tions (创新)that resulted from research and development during World War II and afterwards were 1 to the prosperity of the nation in the second half of the 20th century. Those innovations, upon which virtually all aspects of 2 society now depend, were possible because the United States then 3 the worl

14、d in mathematics and science education. Today, however, despite increasing demand for workers with strong skills in mathematics and science, the 4 of degrees awarded in science, math, and engineering are decreasing. The decline in degree production in what are called the STEM disciplines (science, t

15、echnology, engineering, and math)seems to be 5 related to the comparatively weak performance by US schoolchildren on international assessments of math and science. Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. According to the 2005 report of the Business-Higher Education Forum, 22

16、percent of college freshmen must take remedial (补习的) math 6, and less than half of the students who plan to major in science or engineering 7 complete a major in those fields. The result has been a decrease in the number of American college graduates who have the skills, 8 in mathematics, to power a

17、 workforce that can keep the country at the forefront (前沿) of innovation and maintain its standard of living. With the 9 performance of American students in math and science has come increased competition from students from other countries that have strongly supported education in these areas. Many

18、more students earn 10 in the STEM disciplines in developing countries, than in the United States.A) accelerating I) especiallyB) actually J) futureC) closely K)ledD) contemporary L)metE) courses M) proceduresF) critical N) proportionsG) declining O) spheresH) degrees（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空

19、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）-试卷 246答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：20.00）_解析：2.Section A（分数：20.00）_解析：One principle of taxation, called the benefits principle, states that people should pay taxes ba

20、sed on the benefits they receive from government services. This principle tries to make public goods similar to 1 goods. It seems reasonable that a person who often goes to the movies pays more in 2 for movie tickets than a person who rarely goes. And 3 a person who gets great benefit from a public

21、good should pay more for it than a person who gets little benefit. The gasoline tax, for instance, is sometimes 4 using the benefits principle. In some states, 5 from the gasoline tax are used to build and maintain roads. Because those who buy gasoline are the same people who use the roads, the gaso

22、line tax might be viewed as a 6 way to pay for this government service. The benefits principle can also be used to argue that wealthy citizens should pay higher taxes than poorer ones, 7 because the wealthy benefit more from public services. Consider, for example, the benefits of police protection f

23、rom 8. Citizens with much to protect get greater benefit from police than those with less to protect. Therefore, according to the benefits principle, the wealthy should 9 more than the poor to the cost of 10 the police force. The same argument can be used for many other public services, such as fire

24、 protection, national defense, and the court system.A) adapt I) providedB) contribute J) revenuesC) exerting K) similarlyD) expenses L) simplyE) fair M) theftF) justified N) totalG) maintaining O) wealthH) private（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：H）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：N）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：K）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）填空项 1:_ （正确答案

25、：J）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：L）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：M）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：G）解析：As an Alaskan fisherman, Timothy June, 54, used to think that he was safe from industrial pollutants (污染物)at his home in Hainesa town with a population of 2,400 people and 4,000 eagles, with 8 million acres of prot

26、ected wild land nearby. But in early 2007, June agreed to take part in a 1 of 35 Americans from seven states. It was a biomonitoring project, in which peoples blood and urine (尿)were tested for 2 of chemicalsin this case, three potentially dangerous classes of compounds found in common household 3.

27、like face cream, tin cans, and shower curtains. The results 4 in November in a report called “Is It in Us?“ by an environmental groupwere rather worrying. Every one of the participants, 5 from an Illinois state senator to a Massachusetts minister, tested positive for all three classes of pollutants.

28、 And while the 6 presence of these chemicals does not 7 indicate a health risk, the fact that typical Americans carry these chemicals at all 8 June and his fellow participants. Clearly, there are chemicals in our bodies that dont 9 there. A large, ongoing study conducted by the Centers for Disease C

29、ontrol and Prevention has found 148 chemicals in Americans of all ages. And in 2005, die Environmental Working Group found an 10 of 200 chemicals in the blood of 10 new-borns. “Our babies are being born pre-polluted,“ says Sharyle Patton of Commonweal, which cosponsored “Is it in Us?“ “This is going

30、 to be the next big environmental issue after climate change.“A) analyses I) productsB) average J) rangingC) belong K) releasedD) demonstrated L) shockedE) excess M) simpleF) extending N) surveyG) habitually O) tracesH) necessarily（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：N）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：O）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I）填空项 1:_ （正确

31、答案：K）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：J）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：M）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：H）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：L）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：For decades, Americans have taken for granted the United States leadership position in the development of new technologies. The innovations (创新)that resulted from research and development during W

32、orld War II and afterwards were 1 to the prosperity of the nation in the second half of the 20th century. Those innovations, upon which virtually all aspects of 2 society now depend, were possible because the United States then 3 the world in mathematics and science education. Today, however, despit

33、e increasing demand for workers with strong skills in mathematics and science, the 4 of degrees awarded in science, math, and engineering are decreasing. The decline in degree production in what are called the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math)seems to be 5 related to the

34、comparatively weak performance by US schoolchildren on international assessments of math and science. Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. According to the 2005 report of the Business-Higher Education Forum, 22 percent of college freshmen must take remedial (补习的) math 6, a

35、nd less than half of the students who plan to major in science or engineering 7 complete a major in those fields. The result has been a decrease in the number of American college graduates who have the skills, 8 in mathematics, to power a workforce that can keep the country at the forefront (前沿) of

36、innovation and maintain its standard of living. With the 9 performance of American students in math and science has come increased competition from students from other countries that have strongly supported education in these areas. Many more students earn 10 in the STEM disciplines in developing co

37、untries, than in the United States.A) accelerating I) especiallyB) actually J) futureC) closely K)ledD) contemporary L)metE) courses M) proceduresF) critical N) proportionsG) declining O) spheresH) degrees（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：K）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：N）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：G）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：H）解析：