大学英语四级64及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级 64及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an Application for Admittance. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: Your role: Li Jin Your application should include: (1) 写明申请学校和所学专业。 (2

2、) 提供申请人的个人资历。 (3) 索取申请学校相关的申请表等。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Work and Life The pursuit of a better work-life balance is at the root of calls for flexible hours, affordable childcare and paid paternity (父亲身份) leave. More than ever before are we demanding choice in our working liv

3、es. Gemma Lavender of the TUC explores the pressures and challenges. The issue If youre not careful, work can take over your life. People in Britain work longer hours than anywhere else in Europe. Too many workplaces are gripped by a long hours culture where everyone is expected to do hours of unpai

4、d overtime every week. Astonishingly, people in Britain do 23 billion worth of unpaid overtime every yearthat would be a 4,000 wages boost for the average long-hours worker. Hardly surprising, then, that theres an epidemic of workplace stress. Contrary to some expectations, according to a recent TUC

5、 poll, Brits do actually enjoy their jobs. 85 per cent told us that they found their work enjoyable and fulfilling, yet slightly more than half said they also found it hard to cope with the pressure. Eight million people complain that pressure of work gives them headaches or migraines (偏头痛), 12 mill

6、ion say they get bad tempered and irritable (易怒的) at home, nearly three million need to take time off work and more than two-and-a-half million say they drink too much. That is why work-life balance is the slogan of the moment. Unions, good employers and the government are all concerned but much mor

7、e needs to be done. The pressures The core agenda with work-life balance issues is still the family. And despite all the improvements in equality between the sexes, this is still largely perceived as an issue for women rather than men. But times are changing. Mothers still take the greater responsib

8、ility for childcare but are also more likely to have paid jobs than ever before. Seven out of ten women of working age now have jobs, and half of mothers with children aged under five are in work. Todays women are breadwinners. Men and women are both taking on multiple roles. Men are doing more of t

9、he care responsibilities (according to the Equal Opportunities Commission, a surprising 36% of couples say that the man is the main carer) and women are working more. Polls show that fathers feel they are missing out on time with their children. With people living longer, more workers are experienci

10、ng care demands on elderly relatives as well as children. The fact that women are now having children later in life means that they may end up facing caring responsibilities for both ends of the age spectrum. The attitude of female workers has also changed. Women are growing more ambitious as they b

11、ecome key players in the world of work, contributing to major company successes. Whether youre a Martha Lane Fox or a Marjorie Scardino, the impact of the female boss is considerably more powerful than ever before. The pressure for women to achieve drives them to work harder and for longer, especial

12、ly when wanting to prove themselves against their male counterparts (对等的人). Technology both helps and hinders. Email and the Internet give people the potential to work flexibly. Some now work for themselves or for their employer entirely from home. This doesnt suit everyone some find it far too isol

13、ating to be cut off from office networks, but working from home for part of the week can be a real help. However, technology can also increase work pressure. The overflowing email inbox and the constantly ringing phone can really step up the stress levels. Progress on work-life balance is likely to

14、give individual employees much more choice about how and when they work. Research shows that the more control you have over your own work, the less stress youre likely to get. But organisations, as a whole, need to tackle the issue it cant just be the sum of individual responses. And work-life balan

15、ce issues are not just for carers. Everyone needs their personal space, and policies that only benefit parents or carers might cause antagonism (敌意) with other colleagues. The challenges Flexitime, working at home, and creches (托儿所) are available only to a minority, but they are on the increase. Fal

16、ling unemployment in most parts of the country means that employers are having to put a bit more effort into retaining staff and providing good conditions designed to attract particular staff with skills and experience. While flexitime and home-working options are not appropriate for every type of j

17、ob, there is still room for imaginative approaches to choosing working hours. The main obstacle is employer resistance. Too many think that progressive policies will cost them. Small companies, in particular, say it may be all right for big organisations but we dont have the same options to be flexi

18、ble. But the independent Institute of Employment Studies shows that some small and medium-sized businesses have saved up to 250,000 on their budget simply by using family-friendly work policies. This is mainly because people take less time off sick when they have a better balance in their life. The

19、benefits Businesses benefit if they make the best use of their most valuable resource: their staff. The main advantage of balancing personal and professional life is that the workers are happier. If they are happy, they work better; if they work better, the company profits. And if staff are happy th

20、ey will stay. In a tight labour market, employers need to retain and recruit good, hard-working, loyal staff, especially and increasingly women. Offering good working conditions cements (加强) the companys reputation as an employer of choice and will attract the best candidates for the job. Workers ar

21、e also holding companies more and more accountable for bad working conditions and inflexible practices. The pressure is growing on employers. Society demands choice in the 21st century. The choice to take the kids to school and then go to work, the choice to leave early to attend a language course o

22、r visit granny, the choice to return to work on a basis you want, the choice to take unpaid leave to travel somewhere new, to train, or to have more time to visit friends. （分数：71.00）(1).The main idea of the article is that work can never take over ones life if he finds it enjoyable. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC

23、.NG(2).The Brits will have to find a solution to the work-life imbalance.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).As it is before, men are the family supporters and hence endure more pressure.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Technology doesnt help solve any problem of work-life issue.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).The author suggests

24、that the organizations should care children for parents to reduce their pressure.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Less and less people who work may have flexi-time or working at home.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).The employer will also benefit if some measures are taken to achieve a work-life balance.（分数：7.10）A.YB.N

25、C.NG(8).Basically, the pursuit of a better work-life balance means 1, 2and 3.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).The central problem of the work-life balance issue is the problem of 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).The main obstacle to more flexible time and home-working options comes from the 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening C

26、omprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Get a good nights sleep so hell feel better.B.Take the exam once more.C.Go out to see a movie.D.Stay in a cinema for a night.A.She needs a new raincoat or umbrella.B.It will probably rain tomorrow.C.She doesnt know what the weather will be like tomorrow.D.She doesnt know w

27、here the man put his raincoat or umbrella.A.He already took a picture of the flowers.B.He doesnt know how to use the camera.C.He doesnt think the flowers are beautiful.D.He does not have any more film left:A.They are going to have some milk for lunch.B.They will probably quarrel because they are bot

28、h angry.C.They are going to breakfast soon.D.They are going to lunch soon.A.Go to the library.B.Get some exercise.C.Go to see a film.D.Do homework in school.A.Where John will meet her.B.What the topic of the meeting is.C.What John is wearing.D.Where the meeting is being held.A.She didnt clean the do

29、rm.B.Her dorm is messy.C.She will help the man clean his dorm.D.She cleaned the library.A.It will snow much later in the week.B.It will probably snow.C.She needs to listen to the weather forecast.D.The weather forecasters always make mistakes.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Through what ways the woman

30、would tackle problems.B.How she became an assistant manager so young.C.What she would do if she refused to carry out an order.D.What would happen if she refused to carry out an order.A.She has had problems of authority.B.She became an assistant manager recently.C.She became a manager recently.D.She

31、became an assistant manager a few years ago.A.She came to discuss a problem with the man.B.She came to introduce herself to the man.C.She wanted to be an assistant manager.D.She came to apply for a management position.A.Because she has a great deal of experience in senior management.B.Because she ha

32、s a lack of experience in senior management.C.Because she would bring a new approach to the job.D.Because she is a member of the institute of personnel managers.A.Because he was not interested in the lecture.B.Because he didnt know there was a lecture.C.Because he had something wrong with his throat

33、.D.Because he had to solve his problems on mathematics.A.In 1834.B.In 1843.C.In 1855.D.In 1876.A.He was educated by private tutors until 1843.B.He dropped out of school to study law himself.C.His family was unable to afford to send him to school.D.He attended the Harvard University.A.A writer.B.An e

34、ducator.C.A lawyer.D.A social worker.A.Because its near their home.B.Because the rates are lower out of season.C.Because they can swim there.D.Because the weather is good there.A.By car.B.By train.C.By plane.D.By ship.A.They had breakfast outdoors near the pool every day.B.They went sightseeing ever

35、y morning.C.They went swimming or water-skiing in the afternoon.D.They dance in the evening.A.A business corporation.B.A society of legal professionals.C.The universe as a whole.D.An association of teachers and scholars.A.Its largest expansion took place during that period.B.Its role in society went

36、 through a dramatic change.C.Small universities combined to form bigger ones.D.Provincial colleges were taken over by larger universities.A.Private donations.B.Grants from corporations.C.Government funding.D.Fees paid by students.A.They havent reached a decision yet.B.They have decided to go hunting

37、 bears.C.They want to go camping.D.They want to go exploring in the country.A.Susie.B.Tom.C.The speaker.D.The speakers husband.A.They chased the bear away.B.They stayed outside the tent and did nothing.C.They climbed up a tree.D.They put some honey outside for the bear to eat.A.He ate the honey.B.He

38、 drank the beer.C.He chased the people away.D.He turned things upside down.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Television now plays such an important part in so many peoples lives that it is (36) 1 for us to try to decide whether is a (37) 2 or a curse. Obviously television has both (38) 3 and dis. But do th

39、e former (39) 4 the latter? In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a (40) 5 cheap one. They just sit comfortably at home and enjoy (41) 6 series of programmes rather than to go out in search of (42) 7 elsewhere. Some people, however, maintain that t

40、his is (43) 8 where the danger lies. (44) 9. Secondly, television keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical fascination for us. (45) 10.

41、 There are many other arguments for and against television. The poor quality of its programmes is often criticized. But it is undoubtedly a great comfort to many lonely elderly people. And does it corrupt or instruct our children? (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填

42、空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. B

43、ut in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such tings as marriage, raising children, professional achievement,

44、 religious commitment (承担的义务), self-improvement. Ask a bachelor (单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment, for commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with

45、 fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three-day vacation. I dont know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who de

46、cide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can gen

47、uinely increase our happiness. It deliberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes mat will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: We now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all. （分数：1

48、77.50）(1).Why does a bachelor resist marriage?（分数：35.50）A.Because he believes that single life is more cheerful than a married one.B.Because he is unwilling to take on family responsibilities.C.Because he enjoys dating very much.D.Because he is afraid of losing all his fun adventure and excitement.(2).According to the passage, which of the following best describes raising children?（分数：35.50）A.A thankless job.B.A moral duty.C.A source of pain.D.A rewarding task.(3).The last paragraph tells us that envy someti