大学英语四级-146及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级-146 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 秦始皇是秦代的第一位皇帝。他从公元前 230 年到 221 年花了十年的时间逐一消灭了六个不同的国家，并建立了中国历史上第一个 中央集权的封建国家 (ce

2、ntralized feudal state)。所有重要的中央和地方政府官员都由他任命和免职。在统治期间，他制定了一套法律以及标准 度量衡 (currency, weight and measures)，甚至书面语言的统一体系。所有这些措施在当时都促进了经济和文化的发展。 （分数：10.00）_2.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2

3、. 孔子 (Confucius)，名丘，字仲尼，鲁国人。他是中国春秋末期一位伟大的思想家和教育家， 儒家学派 (Confucianism)的创始人。孔子的言行被他的弟子们收集在 论语 (The Analects of Confucius)一书中，孔子的思想也被后人吸收和发扬光大，成为中国传统思想中的一个重要组成部分，并逐渐传播到周边国家和地区，形成了对东亚各国影响深远的儒家文化圈。孔子是属于中国的，他在中国家喻户晓。 （分数：10.00）_3.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage

4、 from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 唐代 (the Tang Dynasty)文化是中国文化的一个高峰。尤其是古典诗歌在唐代发展到全盛时期。在唐代300 余年的历史中，产生的流传于后世的诗歌就有 48,900 多首。如此丰富的作品也使 2,300 多位诗人在历史上留下了他们自己的名字。唐代最著名的诗人是李白和杜甫，他们都是享有世界声誉的诗人。李白被人们称为“诗仙”，杜甫被后人尊称为“诗圣”。 （分数：10.00）_4.Directions: For this part, you

5、are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到 元宵节 (the Lantern Festival)，即从 农历 (lunar calendar)最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和走亲访友等。

6、（分数：10.00）_5.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 农历 (lunar calendar)五月初五，是中国民间传统的 端午节 (the Dragon Boat Festival)，也叫“五月节”。过端午节时，人们要吃粽子、赛龙舟。据说，举行这些活动，是为了纪念中国古代伟大的爱国诗人屈原。屈原是 战国时期 (the War

7、ring States Period)的楚国人。他主张改革楚国政治，联合各国，共同抵抗秦国。后来，他听到楚国被秦国打败的消息，非常悲痛，感到自己已经没有力量挽救国难，就跳进汨罗江自尽了。 （分数：10.00）_6.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。过中秋节

8、的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，这天人们合家团聚，共赏明月。月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食。人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。2006 年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008 年又被定为公共假日。 （分数：10.00）_7.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 故宫博物院 (The Palac

9、e Museum)，也称 紫禁城 (the Forbidden City)，曾经是明代和清代的皇家宫殿。故宫的建设历经 14 年，于 1420 年完工。次年，明代的都城从南京迁到了北京。明代和清代 24 位皇帝曾经在紫禁城进行统治。这座宫殿是仍然屹立的最大的中国古代建筑。故宫曾经历了几次扩建，但原有 布局 (layout)始终得以保留。1949 年之后，故宫进行了一些 修缮 (renovations)，同时被中国政府列为重要的历史遗迹之一得到特殊保护。 （分数：10.00）_8.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to t

10、ranslate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 龙对于中国人而言是一个熟悉的动物，但没有人曾经见过真实的龙。提到“龙”这个字，中国人无疑会想到一个巨大的动物，拥有牛头、鹿角、虾眼、鹰爪、蛇身、狮尾，通身被 鱼鳞 (fish scales)覆盖。在中国传统中，12 个动物：鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪，用于代表人们出生的一个 12 年的周期。龙是其中唯一的一种想象中的动物。 （分数：10.00）_9.Directions: For this

11、 part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 长城象征着中国的古代文明，是世界上最著名的工程之一。长城的建造始于 战国时期 (the Warring States Period)。最初，不同王国在 战略地点 (strategic points)建造城墙来保护其北方领域。公元前221 年，在秦始皇统一中国之后，他决定将这些城墙连接起来并加以延伸。16 世纪明代时期，长城得以重建。长

12、城是中国古代人民的伟大创造，也是世界奇迹之一，1987 年被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产之一。 （分数：10.00）_10.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 京剧 (Beijing Opera)是中国流传最广、影响最大的一个剧种，有 200 多年的历史。京剧在其形成过程中，吸收了许多地方戏的精华，又受到北京方言和风俗习惯的影响。

13、虽然诞生在北京，但京剧不仅仅是北京的地方戏，中国各地都有演出京剧的剧团。目前上演的主要有传统剧、新编历史剧和现代戏三大类。京剧作为中国的国剧，在国内外都享有很高的声誉。 （分数：10.00）_大学英语四级-146 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer o

14、n Answer Sheet 2. 秦始皇是秦代的第一位皇帝。他从公元前 230 年到 221 年花了十年的时间逐一消灭了六个不同的国家，并建立了中国历史上第一个 中央集权的封建国家 (centralized feudal state)。所有重要的中央和地方政府官员都由他任命和免职。在统治期间，他制定了一套法律以及标准 度量衡 (currency, weight and measures)，甚至书面语言的统一体系。所有这些措施在当时都促进了经济和文化的发展。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Qin Shi Huang was the first emperor of the Qin

15、Dynasty. He spent ten years from 230 BC to 221 BC wiping out all the six different states one after another and established the first centralized feudal state in Chinese history. All the important officials of the central and local governments were to be appointed and dismissed by him. During his re

16、ign, he formulated a uniform code of law and standardized currency, weight and measures and even the united system of written language. All these measures promoted economic and cultural development at that time.2.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chine

17、se into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 孔子 (Confucius)，名丘，字仲尼，鲁国人。他是中国春秋末期一位伟大的思想家和教育家， 儒家学派 (Confucianism)的创始人。孔子的言行被他的弟子们收集在 论语 (The Analects of Confucius)一书中，孔子的思想也被后人吸收和发扬光大，成为中国传统思想中的一个重要组成部分，并逐渐传播到周边国家和地区，形成了对东亚各国影响深远的儒家文化圈。孔子是属于中国的，他在中国家喻户晓。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Confu

18、cius, whose personal name was Qiu and styled Zhongni, was born in the State of Lu. Confucius was a great thinker and educator in the late Spring and Autumn Period. He was also the founder of Confucianism. The sayings and behaviors of Confucius were compiled in The Analects of Confucius by his discip

19、les. Confucius“s ideology, composing the essential part of Chinese traditional ideology, has been absorbed and carried forward by later generations. It was also gradually spread into the neighboring countries and regions, building up a circle of culture of Confucianism exerting profound influence on

20、 the whole East Asian countries. Confucius belongs to China. He is a household name in China.3.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 唐代 (the Tang Dynasty)文化是中国文化的一个高峰。尤其是古典诗歌在唐代发展到全盛时期。在

21、唐代300 余年的历史中，产生的流传于后世的诗歌就有 48,900 多首。如此丰富的作品也使 2,300 多位诗人在历史上留下了他们自己的名字。唐代最著名的诗人是李白和杜甫，他们都是享有世界声誉的诗人。李白被人们称为“诗仙”，杜甫被后人尊称为“诗圣”。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The culture of the Tang Dynasty reached a peak in Chinese culture, in which ancient poetry especially had its heyday. In more than 300 years of history

22、of the Tang Dynasty, more than 48,900 poems were handed down and remain widely-known today. With so many works, more than 2,300 poets have inscribed their names upon the pages of history. The best-known poets of the Tang Dynasty were Li Bai and Du Fu, who are both very prestigious in the whole world

23、. Li Bai is widely praised as the “Immortal of Poems“, and Du Fu is revered as the “Sage of Poems“ by posterity.4.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从

24、除夕开始一直延续到 元宵节 (the Lantern Festival)，即从 农历 (lunar calendar)最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和走亲访友等。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Chinese New Year, known as the Spring Festival, is the most important traditional Chinese holiday. Chinese people celebrate it from Ch

25、inese New Year“s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month. Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. However New Year“s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese

26、 families to gather for the annual reunion dinner. Other activities include setting off firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.5.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answ

27、er on Answer Sheet 2. 农历 (lunar calendar)五月初五，是中国民间传统的 端午节 (the Dragon Boat Festival)，也叫“五月节”。过端午节时，人们要吃粽子、赛龙舟。据说，举行这些活动，是为了纪念中国古代伟大的爱国诗人屈原。屈原是 战国时期 (the Warring States Period)的楚国人。他主张改革楚国政治，联合各国，共同抵抗秦国。后来，他听到楚国被秦国打败的消息，非常悲痛，感到自己已经没有力量挽救国难，就跳进汨罗江自尽了。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The fifth day of the fifth l

28、unar month is a traditional Chinese folk festivalthe Dragon Boat Festival, also known as the “Festival of the Fifth Month“. On that day, people have the custom of eating zongzi and holding dragon-boat races. It is said that these activities are held in memory of the great patriotic poet Qu Yuan in a

29、ncient China, Qu Yuan lived in the State of Chu in the Warring States Period, maintaining that Chu“s politics should be reformed and that it should unite with other states to resist Qin. Later, when he heard the news that Qin had defeated the State of Chu, he was full of grief and felt that he had n

30、o power to save his motherland，so he drowned himself in the Miluo River.6.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，这天人们

31、合家团聚，共赏明月。月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食。人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。2006 年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008 年又被定为公共假日。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Since ancient times, Chinese people have had the tradition to celebrate the harvest during the mid-autumn season, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in North America. Th

32、e custom of celebrating the Mid-Autumn festival began to prevail in all parts of China in the early Tang Dynasty. Falling on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, the Mid-Autumn festival is a day on which people reunite with their family and enjoy the beauty of the moon together. Moon cakes,

33、as indispensable delicious food of the festival, are chosen as gifts sent to relatives and friends, and also usually enjoyed at family gatherings. The Mid-Autumn festival was listed as part of China“s cultural heritage in 2006 and prescribed as a public holiday in the year of 2008.7.Directions: For

34、this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 故宫博物院 (The Palace Museum)，也称 紫禁城 (the Forbidden City)，曾经是明代和清代的皇家宫殿。故宫的建设历经 14 年，于 1420 年完工。次年，明代的都城从南京迁到了北京。明代和清代 24 位皇帝曾经在紫禁城进行统治。这座宫殿是仍然屹立的最大的中国古代建筑。故宫曾经历了几次扩建，但

35、原有 布局 (layout)始终得以保留。1949 年之后，故宫进行了一些 修缮 (renovations)，同时被中国政府列为重要的历史遗迹之一得到特殊保护。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Palace Museum, known as the Forbidden City, was the imperial palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The construction took 14 years and was completed in 1420. In the following year the capital o

36、f the Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing. There are 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruling from the Forbidden City. The palace is the largest piece of the ancient Chinese architectures existing at present. The palace had been expanded several times, but the original layout was

37、 preserved. After 1949, some renovations were done and the Palace Museum was listed as one of the important historical monuments under special preservation by the Chinese government.8.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should w

38、rite your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 龙对于中国人而言是一个熟悉的动物，但没有人曾经见过真实的龙。提到“龙”这个字，中国人无疑会想到一个巨大的动物，拥有牛头、鹿角、虾眼、鹰爪、蛇身、狮尾，通身被 鱼鳞 (fish scales)覆盖。在中国传统中，12 个动物：鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪，用于代表人们出生的一个 12 年的周期。龙是其中唯一的一种想象中的动物。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The dragon is a familiar animal to the Chinese people, but nobody has

39、ever seen a real one. At the mention of the word “dragon“, the Chinese people will definitely think of a gigantic animal with the head of an ox, the horns of a deer, the eyes of a shrimp, the claws of a hawk, the body of a snake, the tail of a lion and the body covered by fish scales. In Chinese tra

40、dition, 12 animalsrat, buffalo, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey, chicken, dog and pigare used to represent a cycle of 12 years, in which a person is born. The dragon is the only animal which is imaginary.9.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage

41、 from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 长城象征着中国的古代文明，是世界上最著名的工程之一。长城的建造始于 战国时期 (the Warring States Period)。最初，不同王国在 战略地点 (strategic points)建造城墙来保护其北方领域。公元前221 年，在秦始皇统一中国之后，他决定将这些城墙连接起来并加以延伸。16 世纪明代时期，长城得以重建。长城是中国古代人民的伟大创造，也是世界奇迹之一，1987 年被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产之一。 （分数：10.0

42、0）_正确答案：()解析：The Great Wall, symbolizing China“s ancient civilization, is one of the world“s most renowned projects. The construction of the Great Wall was begun during the Warring States Period. Formerly, walls were built at strategic points by different kingdoms to protect their northern territori

43、es. After Qin Shi Huang unified China in 221 BC, he decided to have the walls linked up and extended. The Great Wall was reconstructed during the Ming Dynasty in the 16 th century. As the great creation of ancient Chinese people and one of the wonders of the world, the Great Wall was listed as one o

44、f the world heritages by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) in 1987.10.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 京剧 (Beijing Opera)是中国流传最广、影响最大的一个剧种，有 200 多年的历史。京剧在其形成过程中，吸收了许多地方戏的精华，又受到北京方言和风俗习惯的影响。虽然诞生在北京，但京剧不仅仅是北京的地方戏，中国各地都有演出京剧的剧团。目前上演的主要有传统剧、新编历