大学四级-1811及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级-1811 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of personal information security and then explain who should be responsible

2、for illegal use of personal information. You should write at least 120 words and no more than 180 words.（分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)(1).A. Fie wants to open an account. B. He wants to withdraw some cash.C. He wants to deal with the problem with his bank

3、 statement.D. Both B and C（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Jane has got a new job. B. Jane works in a small bank.C. Janes salary can be very high. D. Jane is working for the investment group.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They are talking about the coming holiday. B. They are talking about the route of their hike.C

4、. They are talking about the preparation for the hike.D. They are talking about where to spend the weekend.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. The book is about funny pictures. B. The book is about interesting stories.C. The book is about how to build a house. D. The book is about buildings all over the world.（

5、分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(5).A. The man has retired. B. The man always gets up very late.C. The man doesnt like doing exercises. D. The man always spends his day at home.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. They are talking about the protection of the natural resources.B. They are talking about the exportation of the man

6、s country.C. They are talking about the natural resources of different countries.D. They are talking about the cooperation among different countries.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The floods have been less and less these years.B. The climate change does good to human beings.C. The floods have been more wid

7、espread and more frequent.D. The recent floods have nothing to do with the climate change.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. She watched a documentary about history. B. She watched a documentary about rare animals.C. She watched a documentary about the protection of plants.D. She watched a documentary about pl

8、ants with special features.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. The man likes all kinds of music. B. Johnny Cash is the mans good friend.C. The newer country music is very good. D. The man likes alternative music very much.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The man likes to go to small concerts.B. The man likes to go to th

9、e concerts held in the big stadium.C. The man likes to go to big concerts where he can use binoculars.D. The man likes to go to the concerts where are many spectators.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He thinks that music is very mysterious.B. He thinks that music is a part of peoples daily life.C. He thinks

10、that music can make people relax and happy.D. He thinks that music can teach people how to enjoy the life.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. He started in Russia and ended in China. B. He started in Europe an ended up in Asia.C. He started in Mongolia and ended up in China.D. He started in Moscow and ended up

11、in Shanghai.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He travelled with his parents. B. He travelled with his best friends.C. He travelled with his American friends.D. He travelled with a friend and one American and some people from Switzerland.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He saw many lakes. B. He saw many mountains.C. He

12、 saw different kinds of plants. D. He saw the flat land and even nothing for miles.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Dried fish. B. A lot of noodles.C. Delicious snacks. D. Russian delicacies.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. Women live longer than men.B. The popul

13、ation of woman is smaller than mans.C. The research and medical practice often ignore sex.D. The disease Parkinsons is more likely to strike women.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. There is no need to include sex in medical research.B. Sex should be taken into account in medical research.C. Sex will sometimes

14、 affect the medical research results.D. Different sexes do not influence the medical research results.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Women should be the subject of medical research as men.B. Medical research has always considered sex as one element.C. Women and men are the same in the likelihood of getting

15、 sick.D. Doctors can use the same medical treatments to both women and men.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. It is good to keep onions with potatoes.B. Fruits can be made worse by refrigeration.C. The onions should not be put in the refrigerator.D. All kinds of food can be put in

16、refrigerator to keep fresh.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Eggs. B. Garlic.C. Honey. D. Stone fruits, such as peaches and plums.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The passage is about how to cook. B. The passage is about how to live healthily.C. The passage is about how to keep food fresh.D. The passage is about some

17、food which should not be put in refrigerators.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)(1).A. From local Starbucks.B. From coffee company.C. From coffee plantation.D. From one social organization.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. One scientist.B. One coffee farmer.C. One former Starbucks employee.D. On

18、e worker in the coffee company.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It contains three times the protein of kale.B. It contains three times the iron of spinach.C. It contains three times the carbohydrate of bread.D. It has five times more fiber than whole grain wheat flour.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. It would make th

19、e food price increase a lot.B. It would provide growers with a secondary income stream.C. It would reduce the negative environmental effects of coffee growing.D. It has the potential to create new, sustainable jobs for those who need them most.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)China has of

20、ficially joined the international push to make research papers free to read. On 15 May, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), one of the countrys major basic-science funding (26) , and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), which funds and conducts research at more than 100 instit

21、utions, announced that researchers they support should (27) their papers into online repositories and make them publicly (28) within 12 months of publication.The policies, which (29) the same day they were announced, are similar to the mandate set by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). Xiaol

22、in Zhang, director of the National Science Library at the CAS in Beijing, says that another major research-funding agency, the national (30) of science and technology, is also researching open-access policies. He expects that its policy will take a similar line.The announcements could see tens or ev

23、en hundreds of thousands more papers made open access. Zhang says that, (31) data from the Science Citation Index (SCI. database maintained by Thomson Reuters, Chinese research output has (32) from 48,000 articles in 2003, to more than 186,000 articles in 2012. Of those, more than 100,000 involved s

24、ome funding from the NSFC, says its president, Wei Yang. And CAS scientists published more than 18,000 SCI articles in 2012, and more than 12,000 articles in (33) Chinese journals, says Zhang.Both agencies plan to (34) more detailed guidelines on implementation. (35) , the NSFC will establish a repo

25、sitory into which researchers must upload papers, possibly modelled after the NIHs PubMed Central.（分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)The poll of 2,000 adults in England was (36) out as part of

26、the governments drive to curb peoples drinking habits.The campaign also stresses that a heavy drinking session is often (37) by an unhealthy breakfast, which again helps to pile on the pounds.The Know Your Limits campaign has in the past focused on other (38) of drinking, such as disease risk.But to

27、 (39) with the focus on weight, the Department of Health carried out research showing a regular beer drinker, who downed (喝) five pints a week or 250 over the (40) of a year, packed away the same number of calories as someone eating 221 doughnuts over the space of 12 months.It also revealed the aver

28、age wine drinker consumed 2,000 calories each month. Over the course of a year, that is the (41) of eating an extra 38 roast beef dinners.Health minister Phil Hope said, “Regularly drinking more than our (42) daily limits can have a knock-on effect on our health, including an expanding waistline.“It

29、s not only the calories in the drinks themselves that can help to pile on the pounds, were also more (43) to eat fatty foods when weve had one too many.“Heather Caswell, of the British Nutrition Foundation, added, “Most people would baulk (犹豫) at Consuming a full glass of single cream, but wouldnt t

30、hink (44) about a couple of pints.“But the calorie content is similar and, over time, excess alcohol intake is likely to lead to weight gain.“And a spokesman for the Drinkaware Trust added: “Its (45) we are in the know when it comes to what we are drinking.“A. consequences B. carried C. communicate

31、D. followed E. equivalentF. held G. twice H. likely I. coincide J. necessityK. course L. related M. imperative N. over O. recommended（分数：35.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)World Must Adapt to Unknown Climate FutureA. There is still

32、 great uncertainty about the impacts of climate change, according to the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, released today. So if we are to survive and prosper, rather than trying to fend off specific threats like cyclones, we must build flexible and resilient (有弹性的) s

33、ocieties.B. Todays report is the second of three instalments (分期连载) of the IPCCs fifth assessment of climate change. The first instalment, released last year, covered the physical science of climate change. It stated with increased certainty that climate change is happening, and that it is the resul

34、t of humanitys greenhouse gas emissions. The new report focuses on the impacts of climate change and how to adapt to them. The third instalment, on how to cut greenhouse gas emissions, comes out in April.C. The latest report backs off from some of the predictions made in the previous IPCC report, in

35、 2007. During the final editing process, the authors also retreated from many of the more confident projections from the final draft, leaked last year. The IPCC now says it often cannot predict which specific impacts of climate change-such as droughts, storms or floodswill hit particular places.D. I

36、nstead, the IPCC focuses on how people can adapt in the face of uncertainty, arguing that we must become resilient against diverse changes in the climate. “The natural human tendency is to want things to be clear and simple,“ says the reports co-chair Chris Field of the Carnegie Institution for Scie

37、nce in Stanford, California. “And one of the messages that doesnt just come from the IPCC, it comes from history, is that the future doesnt ever turn out the way you think it will be.“ That means, Field adds, that “being prepared for a wide range of possible futures is just always smart“.E. Here New

38、 Scientist breaks down what is new in the report, and what it means for humanitys efforts to cope with a changing climate. A companion article, “How climate change will affect where you live“, highlights some of the key impacts that different regions are facing.What has changed in the new IPCC repor

39、t?F. In essence, the predictions are intentionally vaguer. Much of the firmer language from the 2007 report about exactly what kind of weather to expect, and how changes will affect people, has been replaced with more cautious statements. The scale and timing of many regional impacts, and even the f

40、orm of some, now appear uncertain.G. For example, the 2007 report predicted that the intensity of cyclones over Asia would increase by 10 to 20 per cent. The new report makes no such claim. Similarly, the last report estimated that climate change would force up to a quarter of a billion Africans int

41、o water shortage by the end of this decade. The new report avoids using such firm numbers.H. The report has even watered down many of the more confident predictions that appeared in the leaked drafts. References to “hundreds of millions“ of people being affected by rising sea levels have been remove

42、d from the summary, as have statements about the impact of warmer temperatures on crops. “I think its gone back a bit,“ says Jean Palutikof of Griffith University in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, who worked on the 2007 report. “That may be a good thing. In the fourth climate assessment we tried t

43、o do things that werent really possible and the fifth has sort of rebalanced the whole thing.“So do we know less than we did before?I. Not really, says Andy Pitman of the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia. It is just more rigorous language. “Pointing to the sign of the change, rathe

44、r than the precise magnitude of the change, is scientifically more defensible,“ he says.J. We also know more about what we dont know, says David Karoly at the University of Melbourne. “There is now a better understanding of uncertainties in regional climate projections at decadal timescales (时标).“Ar

45、e we less confident about all the impacts of climate change?K. Not quite. There are still plenty of confident predictions of impacts in the reportat least in the draft chapters that were leaked last year, and which are expected to be roughly the same when they are released later this week. These inc

46、lude more rain in parts of Africa, more heatwaves in southern Europe, and more frequent droughts in Australia (see “How climate change will affect where you live“). It also remains clear that the seas are rising.How do we prepare in cases in which there is low confidence about the effects of climate

47、 change?L. Thats exactly what this report deals with. In many cases, the uncertainty is a matter of magnitude, so the choices are not hard. “It doesnt really matter if the car hits the wall at 70 or 80 kilometres an hour,“ says Karoly. “You should still wear your seat belt.“ So when it comes to sea-

48、level rise or heatwaves, the uncertainty does not change what we need to do: build sea walls, use efficient cooling and so forth.M. But in some casessuch as African rainfall, which could go up or downthe models are not giving us great advice, so all we know is that things will change. “We are not certain about the precise nature of regional change, but we are absolutely certain there are going to be profound changes in many r