大学四级-1557及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级-1557 及答案解析(总分：713.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1.英语角在大学里很普遍2. 英语角在英语学习中的积极作用3. 我对参加英语角的建议（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Save Your Own LifeWeve all heard the miracle stories: The Boy Scout who survived for four days in the mountains of North Carolina. The Monta

2、na couple who fought off a bear. The guy in Utah who cut off his arm to free himself from under a fallen rock. Youve probably read many stories like this and wondered how to keep yourself out of the dangers. Heres what to do in some life- threatening emergencies when no ones around to help.Allergic

3、ReactionBee stings, food allergies, and medications can be deadly, even if you think you dont have allergies. Symptoms include itching in one spot or all over your body, sometimes accompanied by a rash, swelling, and, in the extreme, swelling of the airways, which hampers your ability to breathe. If

4、 you know you have a life-threatening allergy, form an action plan with your doctor, who will probably prescribe an EpiPen, which comes in child and adult doses. It delivers the drug epinephrine (肾上腺素), which keeps the heart pumping, improves breathing, and gives you about 20 minutes to get to a hos

5、pital. Even if you dont have severe allergies, you can still be prepared for a spontaneous reaction. Slip a few maximum-strength antihistamines (抗组胺剂), into your wallet. The fast-acting tablets will begin to fight an allergic reaction while you wait for help to arrive. But since antihistamines can m

6、ake you drowsy, dont drive yourself to the ER (急诊室).ChokingRichard Stennes, MD, was home alone in La Jolla Shores, California, eating a steak, when the phone rang. The 64-year-old swallowed down the bite still in his mouth and answered the call. But the steak was stuck, and he couldnt talk or breath

7、e. He put his finger down his throat to grab the meat, but he couldnt reach it. Gagging (使呕吐) didnt help either. So he walked over to the couch and forcefully thrust his abdomen on the hard arm of the couch, sending the meat flying and allowing him to breathe again.If youre ever in the same situatio

8、n, quickly find a chair or other piece of furniture or a kitchen counter, says Maurizio Miglietta, MD, chief of trauma at New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center. Aim to hit the top of the chair or edge of the counter against your upper abdomen, in the soft part below the b

9、ony upside-down V of the ribs. Thrust up and inward. If you still cant breathe after six tries, call 911 from a landline, even if you cant talk. Theyll find you. Write the word choking somewhere nearby, and leave the line open until help arrives.Heart AttackIf youre experiencing crushing chest pain

10、with or without pain in your left arm, are short of breath, or have a sense of impending doom, you may be having a heart attack. (Women are more likely to have atypical symptoms like severe fatigue, nausea, heartburn, and profuse sweating. ) Call 911 and chew one 325 mg uncoated aspirin, to get it i

11、nto your bloodstream fast. This will thin your blood, often stopping a heart attack in its tracks. While waiting, lie down so that your heart doesnt have to work as hard, says Sandra Schneider, MD, a spokeswoman for the American College of Emergency Physicians. If you think you might pass out, try f

12、orcing yourself to cough deeply. It changes the pressure in your chest and can have the same effect as the thump given in CPR, says Dr. Schneider, “Sometimes it can jolt the heart into a normal rhythm.“If someone else goes into cardiac arrest, note that the American Heart Association now recommends

13、CPR without the mouth-to-mouth: Call 911, then push hard and fast on the persons chest until help comes.Bear AttackIf you surprise a bear, dont run away. That invites an attack. Instead, stand up and back away slowly, without looking the bear in the eyes. Speak softly to the animal (no loud shouting

14、). If it does charge at you, try to make yourself look as large as possible: Stick out your chest, raise your arms, and spread your legs. Now you can yell at the bear, to frighten it.If its going to attack, lie facedown, with your hands clasped behind your neck. Play dead and dont get up until youre

15、 sure the bear is gone. Leave the area immediately in case it returns.If youre in bear country, carry a bear-deterrent pepper spray. Make sure the wind isnt blowing toward you, and spray for one to two seconds when the bear is 30 to 40 feet away.Severe BleedingYoure bleeding severely and getting sca

16、red. Forget about tourniquets (止血带), says Dr. Schneider of the American College of Emergency Physicians. Use your hand or a clean cloth, paper towels, a scarf, or any fabric you can grab, and push down on the wound until the bleeding stops. Tourniquets, which every Boy Scout learned how to make back

17、 in the day, are now a first-aid no-no. “If you have a cut on your upper leg and you put pressure on it, youre just closing that vessel. But if you put a tourniquet on, youre going to close the vessels to the entire leg,“ says Dr. Schneider, “You could lose your foot.“The only time to use a tourniqu

18、et, says Charles Pattavina, MD, chief of emergency medicine at St. Joseph Hospital in Bangor, Maine, is when you know that everything below the wound is beyond repair (say, the accident has severed your finger, arm, or leg).Rising WaterRule No. 1: Never drive through standing water. As thousands of

19、stranded motorists can attest, what looks like a small puddle can be much deeper. “It takes just 12 inches of water to carry a car away,“ says Robert Sinclair, Jr., of AAA New York. If you do get stuck, step out of the car, which will likely stop when the water reaches the vehicles electronic contro

20、ls. If the water is higher than the bottom of your knees or is moving too quickly for you to wade (涉水) through, climb on top of your car and wait for help. Otherwise, get to higher ground.If you suddenly become immersed (say, you drive off a bridge or into a lake or river), roll down the windows as

21、soon as you can. Yes, it allows water to rush in, but thats a good thing, says Sinclair. It equalizes the pressure, so you can open the door or swim out the window. Do it quickly, though, as the electrical systems on automatic windows can get damaged and stop working when wet. A life hammer can shat

22、ter automotive glass and cut through seat belts; Sinclair keeps one between the drivers seat and the center console in case of such emergencies. Break the side windows (windshields are usually thicker and harder to crack), and swim toward high, dry land.Trapped in a Burning BuildingIf youre in an of

23、fice building and cant get out, dont panic. “In any emergency situation, the difference between survivors and non-survivors is that survivors remain calm and fight through their fear to find out, What can I do?“ says Dr. Schneider. So think back to those fire-safety lessons you learned in grade scho

24、ol. Call 911. Close yourself in a smoke-free room and place a wet towel underneath the door to prevent any smoke from entering, says Dan McBride, a firefighter in New York City. Then get low to the ground, where you can breathe and see better, until help arrives. If youre in a house, get as low as y

25、ou can and crawl outside as fast as possible. Dont stop until youre well away from the fire. Then call for help.（分数：70.00）(1).Antihistamines can make you drowsy, if you take too much.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).Richard Stennes was choked by a mutton chop and couldnt breathe.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).If choked, th

26、e writer advises us to hit the edge of the counter against your lower abdomen.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).Compared with men, women are more inclined to have atypical symptoms like nausea and profuse sweating, which may indicate that they are having a heart attack.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).According to the America

27、n Heart Association, we should first help the victim of a heart attack with the mouth-to-mouth, and then call 911 for help.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).If you come across a bear, you should not run away at the first moment.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).A tourniquet is recommended to be used in any emergency of bleedin

28、g.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8)._is last recommended to the readers when they are under a bear attack.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).The first important rule to remember when threatened by rising water is _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).When trapped in a burning building, survivors can remain calm and _to find out where to escap

29、e for life.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)A.The woman didnt finish her project.B.The man doesnt have a computer.C.The womans computer was broken.D.The woman has bought a new computer.A.Go with the woman.B.Turn on air-conditioner.C.Watch the show on TV.

30、D.Find another friend to accompany the woman.A.In a restaurant.B.On campus.C.In the police station.D.In the doctors office.A.Customer and estate agent.B.Customer and travel agent.C.Customer and shop assistant.D.Customer and lawyer.A.The train will arrive on time.B.The train has already arrived thirt

31、een minutes ago.C.The train will arrive in thirteen minutes.D.The train will be late for thirty minutes.A.Go to the police station in the afternoon to get his passport.B.Call the police office to make sure the time for getting his passport.C.Call the police office to get his passport mailed to him.D

32、.Go to the post office in the morning to get his passport.A.The flat in Baker Street has already been rented.B.The flat is in a very good location.C.The woman might not be able to rent the flat in Baker Street.D.Finding a flat in Baker Street is very difficult.A.The meeting is going on in Room 241.B

33、.The meeting is canceled.C.The meeting is about space technology.D.The meeting is held in the conference room.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Problems with living in an apartment.B.A search for a new apartment.C.The cost of renting an apartment.D.How

34、to share a room with roommates.A.It must be near the campus.B.It must be furnished.C.It must be large.D.There must be a parking place.A.He will share an apartment with the woman.B.He is planning to call a friend who owns an apartment building.C.He will check the newspaper to see if he can find an ap

35、artment for rent.D.He is going to visit an apartment building nearby.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Because she wanted to know if everything was OK with her parents.B.Because she wanted to invite her parents to Billys birthday party.C.Because she wan

36、ted to tell her parents that everything was OK with her children.D.Because she wanted to tell her parents that Tom was given a raise.A.He is raising funds for his company.B.He loves working on cars.C.He is Mr. Davis good friend.D.He has been rewarded for his work.A.One son and one daughter.B.Two son

37、s and one daughter.C.One son and two daughters.D.Two sons and two daughters.A.On May 24th.B.Not mentioned.C.On May 23rd.D.In July.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.He was a tax collector.B.He was a government official.C.

38、He was once a friend of the ruler.D.He was once a school teacher in India.A.To reward outstanding tax collectors.B.To declare new ways of collecting tax.C.To collect money from the persons invited.D.To entertain those who had made great contributions to the government.A.They were excused from paying

39、 income tax.B.They were given some silver and gold coins by the ruler.C.They tried to collect more money than the ruler asked for.D.They enjoyed being invited to dinner at the rulers palace.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.It will help his fellow

40、 creatures to share with him.B.It will try to get ahead of the next fellow creature secretly.C.It will stop at nothing.D.It will modestly decline.A.To find a familiar face.B.To find a kind person.C.To start talking with a stranger.D.To squeeze into the line.A.The author hates queue-jumping.B.The two

41、 usual ways of queue-jumping.C.Queue-jumping is a disgusting and hateful act.D.The queue-jumpers have out-cheeked the beasts.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Hollywood and Academy awards.B.Hollywood and sexual separation.C.Actors and actresses.

42、D.Racial discrimination and sexual difference.A.16.B.146.C.162.D.130.A.Only one black actor has ever been nominated fro the Academy Awards.B.Only three black actors have ever won the best director title.C.The black actors are given a separate award.D.The black actors experience more unfair treatment

43、.A.Because for the Oscar the most important thing is about glamour.B.Because audiences only want to see this years dresses and hairstyles.C.Because there is no offence to the male actors in their dresses.D.Because studios want female superstars to help them make money.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)A fe

44、w months ago, millions of people in London heard (36) all over the town. Emergency services, the Fire Departments, the Police, hospitals, and (37) stood by, ready to go into action. In railway (38) stations, people read (39) and maps, which told them where to go and what to do in the emergency. This

45、 was Exercise Flood Call to (40) people for a flood emergency. London wasnt flooded- yet, but it is possible that it would be.In 1236 and in 1663, London was badly flooded. In 1928, people living in Westminster, the (41) of London, drowned in floods. And in 1953, one hundred people, living on the (4

46、2) edge of the London suburbs were killed, again, in the floods. At last, Greater London Council took actions to (43) this disaster from happening again. (44) . If it happens, fifty underground stations will be under water. Electricity, gas and phone services will be out of action. Roads will be dro

47、wned. (45) .Imagine- London will look like the famous Italian city, Venice.But this Exercise Flood Call didnt cause panic among Londoners. (46) .One lady said, “Its a flood warning, isnt it? The water doesnt look high to me./（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空

48、项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Global warming refers to an increase in global surface temperature resulting from an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide, methane, and certain other trace gases in the atmosphere. These gases are (47) known as greenhouse gases because they (48)