大学四级-1072及答案解析.doc

《大学四级-1072及答案解析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学四级-1072及答案解析.doc（25页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、大学四级-1072 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and comment on Friendvertising in the Friends Circle. You shou

2、ld write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)（分数：35.50）A.Take any interesting course.B.Take some pure science courseC.He is sure of himself which course to choose.D.Take English Literature course.A.The train is cro

3、wded.B.The train is on time.C.The train has been canceled.D.The train is late.A.Warmer and rainier.B.Warmer and drier.C.Cooler and drier.D.Cooler and rainier.A.Memorize it.B.Review it.C.Leave it alone.D.Think about it.A.He meant for her just to wait till help came.B.He meant she should make a phone

4、call for help.C.He was afraid something would go wrong with her car.D.He promised to give her a hand.（分数：21.30）A.No medicine could solve the man“s problem.B.The man should take medicine on time.C.Nothing could help the man if he ate too little.D.The man should choose the right food.A.He has edited t

5、hree books.B.He has bought the wrong book.C.He has lost half of his money.D.He has found the book that will be used.A.Because she was sick.B.Because she was visiting her daughter.C.Because her husband was sick.D.Because she was taking care of her husband.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversati

6、on you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.In a skating rink.B.On a bike path.C.On campus.D.On the grass.A.Because there are too many rocks.B.Because going uphill is difficult.C.Because he has trouble stopping.D.Because there are many curves.A.Catch him if he starts to fall.B.Pull him up the hills.C.Find s

7、ome skates for him.D.Teach him how to stop on skates.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.To provide students with a chance to get to know each other.B.To invite successful students to pass on some valuable advice.C.To help new students successfully gradu

8、ate by sharing experience.D.All above.A.The Students“ Union.B.The faculty.C.The advertisement department.D.The volunteer students.A.He is a member of the Students“ Union.B.He is a sponsor of the party.C.He is a new student in the university.D.He is a leader in the Students“ Union.A.The man will be i

9、nvited to make the pie.B.The woman will be the one making the pie.C.Both of the woman and the man will be invited to make the pie.D.The chairman of the Students“ Union will be the one making the pie.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage yo

10、u have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.A student leader.B.A tourist guide.C.A teacher.D.An actor.A.Speaking the language you want to learn.B.Living in the country where it is spoken.C.Attending a course.D.Learning from a native speaker.A.Smoking in and out of class.B.Talking in your own language in the scho

11、ol.C.Bringing dictionaries into the classroom.D.Using wastebaskets.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Their close friends.B.Those who live nearby.C.Their relatives.D.Their parents.A.They will kiss each other.B.They will exchange

12、presents.C.They will hold a party.D.They will exchange flowers.A.To hold a reception party.B.To have a big party.C.To shower the couple with rice.D.To congratulate the newlyweds.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.A visit to a p

13、rison.B.The influence of his father.C.A talk with some miserable slaves.D.His experience in the war between France and Austria.A.He sent surgeons to serve in the army.B.He provided soldiers with medical supplies.C.He recruited volunteers to care for the wounded.D.He helped to flee the prisoners of w

14、ar.A.All men are created equal.B.The wounded and dying should be treated for free.C.A wounded soldier should receive any medical treatment.D.A suffering person is entitled to help regardless of his race, religion or political beliefs.A.To honor Swiss heroes who died in the war.B.To show Switzerland

15、was neutral.C.To pay tribute to Switzerland.D.To show gratitude to the Swiss government for its financial support.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The geographical location of a country and its physical characteristics are very important to its development and 1 . The United States is very 2 in this 3 . F

16、irst of all, it has a good 4 . In almost all 5 of the country it is possible to live 6 during the whole year. It is true that in the south it sometimes gets very hot, and in the north very cold. But the people who live in these regions become 7 to the climate and never 8 very much when the weather i

17、s either very hot or very cold. In a large country there is usually 9 different physical characteristics. In the United States, there are wide plains and high mountains, thousands of lakes and rivers of all sizes, cool forests and hot deserts, and a coastline several thousand miles long. The many la

18、kes and rivers, as well as the long coastline, have been of great importance to the development of the country, since they made possible 10 of people and all the things people need. Transportation by water is still necessary and important. In modem times, however, trains, automobiles, trucks and air

19、planes are doing much of the work which was formerly done by ships and boats. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gu

20、n, but the man with the 1 computer in business class. In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 2 that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this interference 3 unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device,

21、 such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones. RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation (航空) industry, has recommended that all airlines ban (禁止) such devices from being used during “ 4 “ stages of flight, 5 take-off and landing. Some experts have gone further

22、, calling for a total ban during all flights. Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines. And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are 6 to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work d

23、uring flights. The difficulty is 7 how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft“s computers. Experts know that portable device emit radiation which 8 those wavelengths which aircrafts use for navigation and communication. But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a la

24、boratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not. The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable (易受损的) to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation 9 . As worrying, though, is the passenger who can“t hear the i

25、nstructions to turn off his radio because the music“s too 10 . A. definite B. incidents C. effects D. remains E. critical F. particularly G. reluctant H. refreshing I. portable J. enormous K. predicting L. liberal M. affects N. equipment O. loud（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Desert FormationA

26、. The deserts, which already occupy approximately a fourth of the Earth“s land surface, have in recent decades been increasing at an alarming pace. The expansion of desert-like conditions into areas where they did not previously exist is called desertification. It has been estimated that an addition

27、al one-fourth of the Earth“s land surface is threatened by this process. B. Desertification is accomplished primarily through the loss of stabilizing natural vegetation and the subsequent accelerated erosion of the soil by wind and water. In some cases the loose soil is blown completely away, leavin

28、g a stony surface. In other cases, the finer particles may be removed, while the sand-sized particles are accumulated to form mobile hills or ridges of sand. C. Even in the areas that retain a soil cover, the reduction of vegetation typically results in the loss of the soil“s ability to absorb subst

29、antial quantities of water. The impact of raindrops on the loose soil tends to transfer fine clay particles into the tiniest soil spaces, sealing them and producing a surface that allows very little water penetration. Water absorption is greatly reduced; consequently runoff is increased, resulting i

30、n accelerated erosion rates. The gradual drying of the soil caused by its diminished ability to absorb water results in the further loss of vegetation, so that a cycle of progressive surface deterioration is established. D. In some regions, the increase in desert areas is occurring largely as the re

31、sult of a trend toward drier climatic conditions. Continued gradual global warming has produced an increase in aridity for some areas over the past few thousand years. The process may be accelerated in subsequent decades if global warming resulting from air pollution seriously increases. E. There is

32、 little doubt, however, that desertification in most areas results primarily from human activities rather than natural processes. The semiarid lands bordering the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures. Expandi

33、ng populations are subjecting the land to increasing pressures to provide them with food and fuel. In wet periods, the land may be able to respond to these stresses. During the dry periods that are common phenomena along the desert margins, though, the pressure on the land is often far in excess of

34、its diminished capacity, and desertification results. F. Four specific activities have been identified as major contributors to the desertification processes: over-cultivation, over-grazing, firewood gathering, and over-irrigation. The cultivation of crops has expanded into progressively drier regio

35、ns as population densities have grown. These regions are especially likely to have periods of severe dryness, so that crop failures are common. Since the raising of most crops necessitates the prior removal of the natural vegetation, crop failures leave extensive tracts of land devoid of a plant cov

36、er and susceptible to wind and water erosion. G. The raising of livestock is a major economic activity in semiarid lands, where grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation. The consequences of an excessive number of livestock grazing in an area are the reduction of the vegetation c

37、over and the trampling and pulverization of the soil. This is usually followed by the drying of the soil and accelerated erosion. Firewood is the chief fuel used for cooking and heating in many countries. The increased pressures of expanding populations have led to the removal of woody plants so tha

38、t many cities and towns are surrounded by large areas completely lacking in trees and shrubs. The increasing use of dried animal waste as a substitute fuel has also hurt the soil because this valuable soil conditioner and source of plant nutrients is no longer being returned to the land. H. The fina

39、l major human cause of desertification is soil salinization resulting from over-irrigation. Excess water from irrigation sinks down into the water table. If no drainage system exists, the water table rises, bringing dissolved salts to the surface. The water evaporates and the salts are left behind,

40、creating a white crustal layer that prevents air and water from reaching the underlying soil. The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process. O

41、nce the soil has been removed by erosion, only the passage of centuries or millennia will enable new soil to form. In areas where considerable soil still remains, though, a rigorously enforced program of land protection and cover-crop planting may make it possible to reverse the present deterioratio

42、n of the surface. I. In geography, an oasis is an isolated area of vegetation in a desert, typically surrounding a spring or similar water source. Oases also provide habitat for animals and even humans if the area is big enough. The location of oases has been of critical importance for trade and tra

43、nsportation routes in desert areas. Caravans must travel via oases so that supplies of water and food can be replenished. Thus, political or military control of an oasis has in many eases meant control of trade on a particular route. For example, the oases of Awjila, Ghadames and Kufra, situated in

44、modem-day Libya, have at various times been vital to both North-South and East-West trade in the Sahara. Oases are formed from underground rivers or aquifers such as an artesian aquifer, where water can reach the surface naturally by pressure or by man made wells. Occasional brief thunderstorms prov

45、ide subterranean water to sustain natural oases, such as the Tuat. Substrata of impermeable rock and stone can trap water and retain it in pockets, or on long faulting subsurface ridges or volcanic dikes water can collect and percolate to the surface. Any incidence of water is then used by migrating

46、 birds who also pass seeds with their droppings which will grow at the water“s edge forming an oasis.（分数：71.00）(1).Recently, the deserts which already occupy approximately a fourth of the Earth“s land surface have been increasing at a surprising speed.（分数：7.10）(2).An oasis is an isolated area of veg

47、etation in a desert, typically surrounding a spring or similar water source.（分数：7.10）(3).The main causes of desertification are the loss of stabilizing natural vegetation and the subsequent accelerated erosion of the soil by wind and water.（分数：7.10）(4).If people irrigates too much in a specific regi

48、on, the water more than needed would sink down into the water table.（分数：7.10）(5).According to the theory, if water absorption is greatly reduced there would be an accelerated erosion rates.（分数：7.10）(6).Within the semiarid lands, the grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation.（分数：7

49、.10）(7).In some regions, a trend toward drier climatic conditions is mainly a reason for the increase of the desert.（分数：7.10）(8).Over-cultivation, over-grazing, firewood gathering, and over-irrigation are the four specific factors causing the desertification processes.（分数：7.10）(9).Most of the desertification is caused by human activi