大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)A类研究生英语-22及答案解析.doc

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1、大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)A 类研究生英语-22 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、answer sheet(总题数：4，分数：100.00)One of the worst thing you can do as a speaker is to hold your 1 arms stiffly at your side. You need to move your arms in 2 appropriate gestures to emphasise your points. Your gestures 3 should appear spontaneously,

2、not rehearsed. This doesn“t mean 4 that you shouldn“t rehearse it. The point is to make them seem to 5 be spontaneous, fitted the text. Don“t use just your hands or the 6 lower part of your arms. You need to move the whole body with a 7 way that looks natural with the gesture. In addition, you shoul

3、d aware of your body language as 8 you use gestures. Your facial expression should mirror the emotion 9 you might be demonstrating. For example, if you are talking about something frightening and are holding up your arms as if to protect yourself, your face should have a fear expression. 10 （分数：25.0

4、0）Cash reward is a common form of motivation used by parents with high expectation to encourage their children work hard at exam time. Some 11 youngsters receive payments of as much as 100 for each A grade they obtain at GSCE. But would such “bribes“ be based on exam performance or 12 should they, a

5、s many parents and teachers feel, be offered in recognition of a 13 child“s effort, regardless of results? The later approach would solve the 14 problems of how parents reward children with different ability; 15 imagine, for example, a family with one child who is academically gift and 16 another wh

6、o has learning difficulties. The dangers of resuh-relating incentives 17 for the second child are clear; with little hope of obtaining the higher grades, the withholding of promised financial rewards would only compound of the 18 child“s feeling of false. However, some leading educational psychologi

7、sts 19 believe that parents should rely in their own judgments in such matters. They 20 maintain that if parents know that money will motivate their child, then they should not be condemned for operating a system of cash payouts.（分数：25.00）Pyramid City is an even more ambitious project to solve Tokyo

8、“s housing problem. A 1,000 - metre tall Pyramid, 12 times higher than the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, would contain 55 smaller pyramids, each of them 21 would be the size of the Giza original. If it is built, the pyramid will cosist in a series of skyscrapers suspended from the inside of the st

9、ructure, 22 the pyramid will be 80 storey high, with parkland in-between the skyscrapers. 23 Three quarters of a million of people will live there. The skyscraper will 24 be linked by series of hollow tubes containing a high-speed transport system. 25 Parts of the construction, include more than 150

10、 kilometers of tunnels, will be 26 built by spider robots, and power will be provided by waves and wind. A major problem is that Japan is situating on the seismic “ring of fire“ 27 an area of volcano activity where stretches around the Pacific Ocean. 28 Pyramid City will have to withstand earthquake

11、s, tsunamis and underwater 29 volcanic eruptions. The designers of Pyramid City are certain that it will be built and make 30 safe from earthquakes, but probably not for another 100 years.（分数：25.00）The world is full of wonderful places, both natural and man-made. Easter Island lays in the south-east

12、ern Pacific Ocean, about 3,600 31 Kilometers west of mainland Chile. The island is called Easter Island because of it was discovered on Easter Sunday in 1772 by Dutch 32 explorer Jacob Roggeveen. Inhabited by Polynesians since 300 or 400 CE, Easter Island is now a World Heritage Site. The most amaze

13、d sight on it is the giant statues carved out of 33 the volcanic rock. These massive stone figures have made Easter Island a famous site. They were probable made by Polynesians 34 Between about 1000 and 1600 CE. One mystery about these statues is how the primitive Polynesians, using only the simples

14、t stone tools, 35 carved and then move these statues. The answer seems to be that they 36 were pulled along the rails made from trees by lots of people together. This could also be the reason why there are few tree on the island 37 Over the centuries, Easter Island has suffered from deforestation, d

15、isease, war and climate changes. As result, most of the island“s native Polynesian 38 identify has been lost. However, the island“s magnificent stone figures 39 will keep people fascinating in Polynesian history and culture for many 40 years to come.（分数：25.00）大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)A 类研究生英语-22 答案解析(总分：100.00

16、，做题时间：90 分钟)一、answer sheet(总题数：4，分数：100.00)One of the worst thing you can do as a speaker is to hold your 1 arms stiffly at your side. You need to move your arms in 2 appropriate gestures to emphasise your points. Your gestures 3 should appear spontaneously, not rehearsed. This doesn“t mean 4 that y

17、ou shouldn“t rehearse it. The point is to make them seem to 5 be spontaneous, fitted the text. Don“t use just your hands or the 6 lower part of your arms. You need to move the whole body with a 7 way that looks natural with the gesture. In addition, you should aware of your body language as 8 you us

18、e gestures. Your facial expression should mirror the emotion 9 you might be demonstrating. For example, if you are talking about something frightening and are holding up your arms as if to protect yourself, your face should have a fear expression. 10 （分数：25.00）解析：things 解析 文中的“One of the worst thing

19、 you can do”说，你能做的最糟糕的事情之一。“thing”是单数形式，这里应用复数形式“things”。解析：sides 解析 文中的“hold your arms stiffly at your side”说，将你的双臂僵硬地放在身体两侧。 at your sides 意为“在身体两侧”，side 是单数形式，这里应用复数形式“sides”。解析：emphasize解析 文中的“You need to move your arms in appropriate gestures to emphasise your points”说，你需要移动你的手臂，以适当的动作来强调你的观点。e

20、mphasise 应改为动词 emphasize“强调”。解析：spontaneous 解析 文中的“Your gestures should appear spontaneously”说，你的手势应该显得像是即兴发挥。appear 用作连系动词，其意为“显得，似乎”，其后的表语应为形容词。因此 应将副词 spontaneously 改为形容词 spontaneous“自发的，自然的”。解析：them解析 文中的“This doesn“t mean that you shouldn“t rehearse it”说，这并不意味着你不该练习这些动作。这里的 it 指代前面提到的“gestures”

21、，因此应改为复数形式 them。解析：fitting解析 文中的“The point is to make them seem to be spontaneous, fitted the text”说，重点是要使你的动作看来像是即兴发挥，与演讲稿协调一致。“fitted the text”是分词短语作状语，因无被动含义，应改为现在分词的形式 fitting“与一致”。解析：in解析 文中的“You need to move the whole body with a way that looks natural with the gesture”说，你需要以看起来很自然的动作来移动整个身体。短

22、语 in a way 意为“以某种方式”，所以应将 with 改为 in。解析：be解析 “In addition, you should aware of your body language as you use gestures”中说，此外，当你使用手势时，你应该了解你的身体语言。短语 be aware of 意为“意识到，知道”，因此应在 aware 前加上 be。解析：解析 文中的“Your facial expression should mirror the emotion you might be demonstrating”说，你的面部表情应反映出你可能会表露出的情感。本句的

23、语法及词汇无错误。解析：fearful解析 文中的“your face should have a fear expression”说，你的面部应该现出害怕的表情。expression 是名词，前面应用形容词修饰。因此应将名词 fear 改为形容词 fearful“惧怕的，担心的”。Cash reward is a common form of motivation used by parents with high expectation to encourage their children work hard at exam time. Some 11 youngsters receiv

24、e payments of as much as 100 for each A grade they obtain at GSCE. But would such “bribes“ be based on exam performance or 12 should they, as many parents and teachers feel, be offered in recognition of a 13 child“s effort, regardless of results? The later approach would solve the 14 problems of how

25、 parents reward children with different ability; 15 imagine, for example, a family with one child who is academically gift and 16 another who has learning difficulties. The dangers of resuh-relating incentives 17 for the second child are clear; with little hope of obtaining the higher grades, the wi

26、thholding of promised financial rewards would only compound of the 18 child“s feeling of false. However, some leading educational psychologists 19 believe that parents should rely in their own judgments in such matters. They 20 maintain that if parents know that money will motivate their child, then

27、 they should not be condemned for operating a system of cash payouts.（分数：25.00）解析：to解析 本句要表达的是父母鼓励子女努力准备考试。encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因而应在动词work 前加上 to。解析：should解析 连词 or 连接的两个句子的主语都是“。bribes”，前后为并列成分，意为这样的“贿赂”应基于考试成绩还是应按照孩子努力的程度，而不论结果如何。所以应将 would 改为 should。解析：解析 本句的语法及词汇无错误。in recognition

28、 of 意为“按照(功劳等)，承认而，为酬答而”。解析：latter解析 前面已经讲过，这样的“贿赂”应基于考试成绩还是应按照孩子努力的程度，而不论结果如何。因而“The later approach would solve the problems of how parents reward children”是说“后一个办法将会解决父母如何奖励孩子的问题”，所以应将 later 改为 latter。解析：problem 解析 在“The later approach would solve the problems of how parents reward children”中所指的问题

29、是“父母如何奖励孩子(how parents reward children)”，不包含其他的问题。problems 为复数形式，应改为单数形式 problem。解析：gifted解析 在“a family with one child who is academically gift and another who has learning difficulties.”中，系动词 is 后面应接形容词，副词 academically 也应用来修饰形容词，而gift 是名词，应改为形容词 gifted“有天赋的”。解析：related解析 “The dangers of result-rela

30、ting incentives for the second child are clear“是说，对于另外一个孩子来说，与激励相关的后果所带来的危害是明显的。relating 是动词relate 的现在分词形式，而该词后面是名词 incentives，因此应改为形容词 related“有关系的”。解析：of解析 “the withholding of promised financial rewards would only compound of the child“s feeling of false”是说不给承诺的奖励现金只会加重孩子的失败感。compound 是及物动词，意为“使严重

31、，使恶化”，后面可直接接宾语，因此应删除 of。解析：failure解析 在“child“s feeling of false”中，false“假的，伪造的”是形容词，而介词of 后面应用名词形式。这里是说孩子的失败感，因此应将 false 改为名词 failure“失败”。解析：on解析 “parents should rely in their own judgments”是说家长应该依靠自己的判断。rely on 意为“依赖，依靠”，因此应将 in 改为 on。Pyramid City is an even more ambitious project to solve Tokyo“s

32、housing problem. A 1,000 - metre tall Pyramid, 12 times higher than the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, would contain 55 smaller pyramids, each of them 21 would be the size of the Giza original. If it is built, the pyramid will cosist in a series of skyscrapers suspended from the inside of the struc

33、ture, 22 the pyramid will be 80 storey high, with parkland in-between the skyscrapers. 23 Three quarters of a million of people will live there. The skyscraper will 24 be linked by series of hollow tubes containing a high-speed transport system. 25 Parts of the construction, include more than 150 ki

34、lometers of tunnels, will be 26 built by spider robots, and power will be provided by waves and wind. A major problem is that Japan is situating on the seismic “ring of fire“ 27 an area of volcano activity where stretches around the Pacific Ocean. 28 Pyramid City will have to withstand earthquakes,

35、tsunamis and underwater 29 volcanic eruptions. The designers of Pyramid City are certain that it will be built and make 30 safe from earthquakes, but probably not for another 100 years.（分数：25.00）解析：which解析 在“A 1,000 - metre tall Pyramid, 12 times higher than the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, would

36、 contain 55 smaller pyramids, each of them would be the size of the Giza original”中，主干是 A 1,000 - metre tall Pyramid. would contain 55 smaller pyramids，each of them 指代前面的 55 smaller pyramids，因为没有连词 and，所以应采用定语从句的形式，即 each of which。解析：of解析 在“If it is built, the pyramid will consist in a series of sky

37、scrapers suspended from the inside of the structure”中，consist in 意为“在于”。而本句要表达的是该金字塔将由一系列的摩天大楼构成。consist of 意为“由构成”，所以应将 in 改为 of。解析：storeys解析 “the pyramid will be 80 storey high”中说，该金字塔将有 80 层高，storey“楼层”是单数形式，这里应用复数形式 storeys。解析：of解析 当 million 与具体数字连用时，不用复数形式，也不后接介词 of，如 five million dollars。因此应将

38、of 删除，改为 a million people。解析：a解析 “The skyscraper will be linked by series of hollow tubes”是说摩天大楼将通过一系列的中空管连接起来。a series of 意为“一系列，一连串”，因此应在 series 前加上 a。解析：including解析 在“Parts of the construction. by spider robots”中，主干是 Parts of the construction will be built by spider robots。include more than 150 k

39、ilometers of tunnels应为现在分词短语作伴随状语，所以应将 include 改为 including。解析：situated解析 文中的“Japan is situating on the seismic “ring of fire“”是说，日本位于地震的“火山带”上。be situated on 意为“坐落在；位于”，所以应将 situating 改为 situated。解析：which解析 在“an area of volcano activity where stretches around the Pacific Ocean.”中，where stretches ar

40、ound the Pacific Ocean 是定语从句，where 在从句中不能作主语，应改为 which。解析：解析 文中的“Pyramid City will have to withstand earthquakes, tsunamis and underwater volcanic eruptions.”说，金字塔城将不得不经得起地震，海啸和海底火山喷发。本句的语法及词汇无错误。解析：made解析 在“it will be built and make safe from earthquakes”中，be 后面的动词应用被动语态形式，因此应将 make 改为 made。The wor

41、ld is full of wonderful places, both natural and man-made. Easter Island lays in the south-eastern Pacific Ocean, about 3,600 31 Kilometers west of mainland Chile. The island is called Easter Island because of it was discovered on Easter Sunday in 1772 by Dutch 32 explorer Jacob Roggeveen. Inhabited

42、 by Polynesians since 300 or 400 CE, Easter Island is now a World Heritage Site. The most amazed sight on it is the giant statues carved out of 33 the volcanic rock. These massive stone figures have made Easter Island a famous site. They were probable made by Polynesians 34 Between about 1000 and 16

43、00 CE. One mystery about these statues is how the primitive Polynesians, using only the simplest stone tools, 35 carved and then move these statues. The answer seems to be that they 36 were pulled along the rails made from trees by lots of people together. This could also be the reason why there are

44、 few tree on the island 37 Over the centuries, Easter Island has suffered from deforestation, disease, war and climate changes. As result, most of the island“s native Polynesian 38 identify has been lost. However, the island“s magnificent stone figures 39 will keep people fascinating in Polynesian h

45、istory and culture for many 40 years to come.（分数：25.00）解析：lies解析 在“Easter Island lays in the south-eastern Pacific Ocean”中，lie in 意为“在于，位于”，此句为一般现在时。动词 lie 的第三人称单数形式为 lies，因此应将 lays 改为 lies。解析：of解析 在“because of it was discovered on Easter Sunday in 1772”中，because of 是介词短语，其后接名词。本句是有主谓的完整句子，应用连词 beca

46、use，因此应将 of 删除。解析：amazing解析 在“The most amazed sight on it is the giant statues”中，amazed 意为“吃惊的”，通常作表语。该词后面是名词 sight，因此应改为可以作定语的形容词形式 amazing“令人惊异的”。解析：probably解析 在“They were probable made by Polynesians”中，made 是动词的过去分词形式，probable 为形容词，不能修饰动词，应改为副词 probably“大概，可能”。解析：解析：moved解析 在“how the primitive Po

47、lynesians. carved and then move these statues”中，两个并列动词的时态都应为一般过去时，因此应将 move 改为 moved。解析：trees解析 在“why there are few tree on the island”中，岛上的树很少并不是说只有一棵树，因此应将名词 tree 改为复数形式 trees。解析：a解析 在“As result, most of the island“s native Polynesian”中，as a result 是一个习惯短语，意为“因此，结果”。因此应在 result 前加上 a。解析：identity解析 在“most of the island“s native Polynesian identify has been lost”中，主语 identify 是动词，应改为名词形式 identity“身份，特性”。解析：fascinated解析 在“the island“s magnificent stone figures will keep people fascinating in Polynesian history”中，fascinating 用作形容词多用来修饰物说明事物的性质或特征。本句中是用来修饰人，表示其状态，因此应改为 fascinated“着迷的”。