大学六级-1040及答案解析.doc
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1、大学六级-1040 及答案解析(总分:712.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数:1,分数:106.00)1.1.有人认为信用卡进入大学校园是件好事2.也有人持反对意见3.你的想法Credit Cards on Campus(分数:106.00)_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数:1,分数:70.00)How to Retire EarlierIts every working staffs dream: saying goodbye to the daily grind while you still have your own teeth. I
2、n our early retirement fantasies, were traveling the world, healthy and in the prime of our lives, visiting those hard-to-pronounce countries weve always talked about and sampling the finest local fare. Retirement-related ProblemsSurveys show that more than half of workers between the ages of 30 and
3、 50 plan to retire before theyre 60. But theres only one problem with this wishful thinking: Retiring early is easy, but making your money last is hard. One problem with saving up for early retirement is that we tend not to think beyond those first few glorious years of good health and full checking
4、 accounts-we dont do the long-term math. If the average male life expectancy is 75.2 and we retire at 55, then our savings, and stock market investments need to last for 20 years. And what if we live even longer than average?And dont forget that life can get tricky during those last five or ten year
5、s. Very few fortunate souls drift away in their sleep at age 88 without ever having major surgeries, hospitalizations or chronic (and expensive) conditions to manage-not to mention the ever-increasing costs of medical insurance and prescription drugs.While we tend to overestimate our health, we unde
6、restimate our post-retirement financial needs. A 2002 survey found that only 17 percent of workers thought theyd need 80 percent of their salary after retirement. Forty percent thought theyd be fine with 60 percent of current earnings. That might suffice for a few good years, but the longer you live
7、, the less chance your money will last. Furthermore. isnt it possible that traveling the world and living out of a suitcase could get pretty tedious? Did you ever think that you might be bored without a day job? Do you have enough hobbies and interests to sustain you for 20 to 30 years without busin
8、ess trips, deadlines and daily meetings? But dont get discouraged. If youre serious about retiring early and dedicated to making it work, you can make it happen. All it takes is some serious financial planning, a strict budget and some good old-fashioned luck.So how do you start planning for an earl
9、y retirement? What are the most important calculations? What are some common mistakes?Financial PlanningThe first step when planning for an early retirement is to figure out exactly how much money you have right now. This is called your net worth. Net worth is calculated by adding up all of your ass
10、ets (cash, stocks, retirement accounts and the value of your home) and subtracting all of your outstanding debt (mortgage, student loans and credit card debt). When you know how much you have, you need to figure out how much money youll need when you retire. This amount depends on several factors: w
11、hat you want to do when you retire, how early you want to retire and what standard of living you want to enjoy when retired. If you want to keep up your current standard of living as a retiree, the rule of thumb is that youll be spending monthly at least 80 percent of what youre spending now. That o
12、ther 20 percent you wont be spending accounts for work-related expenses: gas or public transportation fares for your commute, dry cleaning bills, lunches and the like. But if you plan to travel, play more golf or fix up a classic car as a retiree, youll quickly make up that 20 percent you thought yo
13、u were saving by not working. Perhaps the most important factor when calculating how much youll need is how early you want to retire. Theres a big difference in planning for a 20-year retirement and a 40-year retirement. Plus, the earlier you retire, the longer youll have to wait to get Social Secur
14、ity benefits. This isnt a problem for people who retire after the minimum age for collecting Social Security (currently 62). But if you retire too early, you might not have enough to get by on until Social Security kicks in. Another serious consideration when planning for an early retirement is heal
15、th insurance. When youre employed, you pay part of your monthly insurance premium and your employer pays the rest. When you retire, youre guaranteed coverage under the same insurance policy for the next 18 to 36 months through the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconstruction Act, also known as COBRA.
16、COBRA is meant as a temporary protection for employees who lose or change jobs. But even with COBRA, youll be paying the full premium, including what your boss used to pay.Youre not eligible for Medical benefits until youre 65. So, until you reach that age, youll need a supplementary insurance polic
17、y. When you apply for a new policy after COBRA runs out, you might be surprised at how expensive it is to insure a 60-year-old with pre-existing medical conditions. The cheapest policy for a 62-year-old nonsmoker is $ 300 a month, and it increases if you smoke, have a history of heart problems, high
18、 blood pressure, diabetes and other conditions. One way to get started on your early retirement budget is to use one of the many free online retirement calculators to figure out how much youll need in net worth to retire at a certain age. But the only way to know if your planned retirement spending
19、will work is to try a dry run. Try to live for three months on the projected monthly amount that you hope to live on when retired. If its not working now, it certainly wont work when you factor in increased healthcare and insurance costs.How can you start saving for an early retirement now? What are
20、 the best long-term investments for building up a retirement nest egg? Investing for Early RetirementCompound interest is a beautiful thing. The best thing you can do right now to ensure an early retirement is to invest as much of your earnings as possible in safe, long-term investments and tax-defe
21、rrable retirement savings accounts. A good place to start is with a tight budget. As we learned in How to Make a Million Dollars, one of the quickest ways to become rich is to live a frugal lifestyle. Instead of living beyond your means-buying things on credit that you cant immediately pay back live
22、 below your means. Buy a used car instead of a new one (or better yet, take the bus). Choose the two-bedroom house instead of the five-bedroom one. So, how much money should we be saving from each paycheck? MSN Money describes a 20/20/20 system. Starting at age 20, if you invest 20 percent of each p
23、aycheck, you could retire in 20 years and live on the interest from your investments. As weve already asked, can you live right now on 80 percent of your income, like youll be living on in retirement? Try setting up an automatic withdrawal (取款) from your checking account. Whenever a paycheck is depo
24、sited at the bank, 20 percent will automatically be deducted before you even have a chance to see it, let alone spend it.Now you need to take that money and invest it in something with guaranteed long-term growth. MSN Money recommends a stock market index fund that tracks S and when youve just moved
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