GRE-16及答案解析.doc

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1、GRE-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、基础填空(总题数：38，分数：100.00)1.Deer over growing has dramatically reduced plant _ in many eastern United States forests; the few surviving plant species are that regrow quickly or that deer find _.（分数：2.50）A.mortalityB.diseaseC.diversityD.edibleE.nutritiousF.unpalatable2

2、.The teacher unabashedly used _, flattering his students in an attempt to coax them to _ research projects for extra credit.（分数：2.50）A.coercionB.cajoleryC.innuendoD.suppressE.glorifyF.undertake3.No _ the case exists: in reaching a decision, the court is bound to break new legal ground.（分数：2.50）A.int

3、erest inB.demand forC.precedent forD.authentication ofE.antecedent ofF.requisite for4.Her actions did nothing but good, but since she performed them out of self-interest, they could not be called_.（分数：2.50）A.altruisticB.egotisticC.benignD.fortuitousE.self-centeredF.self-sacrificing5.Max Roach is reg

4、arded as a _ of modern jazz drumming because he was one of the first artists to _ the melodic, rather than merely rhythmic, possibilities of his instrument.（分数：2.50）A.diehardB.progenitorC.chroniclerD.jettisonE.repudiateF.exploit6.Since codfish are _ part of the marine ecosystem, their _ would advers

5、ely affect the animals who depend on them as a source of food.（分数：2.50）A.a negligibleB.an integralC.an inexplicableD.existenceE.proximityF.extinction7.The gifted child-poet Minou Drouet, hailed in the 1950s, as an artistic _, now lives in relative _, enjoying a privacy unavailable to her as a child.

6、（分数：2.50）A.dilettanteB.prodigyC.charlatanD.opulenceE.anonymityF.passivity8.The legislator is known on Capitol Hill for his oratorical spontaneity, his ability to deliver _ speech.（分数：2.50）A.an enigmaticB.a conscientiousC.an impromptuD.an extemporaneousE.a lacklusterF.a meticulous9.Ms. Nunez was _, r

7、emaining assured and self-controlled even in the most volatile of situations.（分数：2.50）A.ungainlyB.autocraticC.unflappableD.effusiveE.demonstrativeF.imperturbable10.The delegates“ behavior at the convention was utterly disgraceful and fully deserving of the _ it provoked.（分数：2.50）A.rancorB.lethargyC.

8、commiserationD.animosityE.compunctionF.misgiving11.Gwen“s ambitious desert hike was impeded by the heat that sapped her strength and resolve, leaving her _ and _.（分数：2.50）A.feverishB.dexterousC.debilitatedD.unerringE.resilientF.disheartened12.Because of their spare, white appearance, ancient Greek s

9、tatues in modern museums are often considered _; yet newly unearthed antiquities showing traces of bright pigment are not so _.（分数：2.50）A.elaborateB.austereC.ostentatiousD.unadornedE.vividF.unattainable13.Former news anchor Dan Rather had _ for colorful _: for example, he once described a political

10、race as “Spandex tight“.（分数：2.50）A.a distasteB.a penchantC.an antipathyD.epistlesE.paradigmsF.locutions14.Lan Cao describes her novel Monkey Bridge as autobiographical “in mood rather than fact“, claiming it depicts _, not _, truth.（分数：2.50）A.poeticB.objectiveC.emotionalD.romanticizedE.literalF.pers

11、onal15.Because Alejandra and Raina have never allowed their differences of opinion to come between them, their friendship remains _.（分数：2.50）A.conditionalB.excitingC.distantD.staunchE.steadfastF.remote16.In a grievous example of _ behavior, the consultants repeatedly managed to dupe the team of scie

12、ntists by presenting fabricated data.（分数：2.50）A.incompetentB.contentiousC.deceptiveD.abstruseE.fraudulentF.arcane17.Elephants have a sense of smell that is remarkably _: they can reportedly smell water up to several miles away.（分数：2.50）A.tacitB.acuteC.aromaticD.keenE.ubiquitousF.universal18.Some env

13、ironmentalists fear that the practices contributing to global warming are so _ in industrialized nations that there are no simple ways to _ their effects.（分数：2.50）A.establishedB.latentC.ephemeralD.alleviateE.enhanceF.disregard19.The testimony of the witness, meant to _ the defense of the man accused

14、 of theft, actually strengthened the case of his accusers.（分数：2.50）A.appeaseB.deprecateC.buttressD.initiateE.bolsterF.mitigate20.Unsuccessful in her first campaigns, Barbara Jordan _, eventually becoming the first Black woman elected to the Texas State Senate.（分数：2.50）A.persistedB.gloatedC.retiredD.

15、perseveredE.terminatedF.despaired21.Some scientists speculate that children who wash frequently are more likely to become asthmatic than those who wash infrequently: that _, not the lack of it, is the problem.（分数：2.50）A.pollutionB.dirtinessC.scourD.misbehaviorE.cleanlinessF.nutrition22.Newspaper adv

16、ertisers feel their messages are more believable and _ when they are printed next to news reports: hence, advertising charges are higher for such _.（分数：2.50）A.persuasiveB.irrelevantC.vagueD.investigationE.thoroughnessF.positioning23.Despite accusations to the contrary, it is unlikely that he intende

17、d to _ the articles, since he cited them in his bibliography.（分数：2.50）A.enlightenB.illuminateC.plagiarizeD.acknowledgeE.contradictF.steal24.Ralph Ellison learned the hard way about the _ of a written manuscript: he suffered the _ of the only draft of a work in progress in a household fire.（分数：2.50）A

18、.magnitudeB.proliferationC.vulnerabilityD.preservationE.destructionF.isolation25.The new human resources director is both _ and _ about being able to improve employment opportunities for women at the executive level: she has great resolve but harbors no illusions.（分数：2.50）A.cynicalB.determinedC.unco

19、operativeD.irrationalE.deceptiveF.realistic26.Years of neglect had left the inside of the building in _ condition: workstations were filthy and furnishings were dilapidated.（分数：2.50）A.a squalidB.a volatileC.a sordidD.a rudimentaryE.a cataclysmicF.a catastrophic27.The Wild Parrots of Telegraph Hill i

20、s only _ about birds; despite its title, the documentary actually examines human relationships.（分数：2.50）A.ostensiblyB.distinctivelyC.seeminglyD.salientlyE.noticeablyF.intelligibly28.Heckling during a political rally is so _ that it surprises no one; the same behavior, however is _ when it is exhibit

21、ed at a scientific conference.（分数：2.50）A.revoltingB.comicalC.commonplaceD.startlingE.meaninglessF.bearable29.Steve was _ by the intricacy of the ice crystals forming on his windowpane: he couldn“t take his eyes off them.（分数：2.50）A.edifiedB.troubledC.enlightenD.emboldenedE.captivatedF.enchanted30.The

22、 experiment did not yield the decisive _ that the scientist had hoped for: instead, the findings were only of _ significance.（分数：2.50）A.sourcesB.outcomeC.risksD.nominalE.influentialF.astronomical31.NASA engineer Gloria Yamauchi uses _ approach to research, in that it draws on physics, aerodynamics,

23、mathematics, and other fields.（分数：2.50）A.a self-evidentB.an interdisciplinaryC.an eclecticD.an economicalE.an impracticalF.an unfeasible32.Less confident employees tend to be _ about asking for a pay increase, preferring to wait for their supervisors to raise the issue.（分数：2.50）A.volubleB.presumptuo

24、usC.reticentD.tenaciousE.talkativeF.reserved33.In dire need of _, the travelers fortified themselves with food and drink in order to complete their journey.（分数：2.50）A.patronageB.sponsorshipC.sustenanceD.nourishmentE.sentimentF.persecution34.John wished to become a(n) _ because he was interested in l

25、earning about ancient cultures.（分数：3.50）A.charlatanB.archaeologistC.apologistD.illusionistE.impostorF.historian35.Although children“s books about animals and plants are often _ rather than accurate in their descriptions, a skillful elementary-school teacher can still _ such texts for meaningful scie

26、ntific learning.（分数：3.50）A.factualB.fancifulC.creativeD.confuseE.exploitF.ignore36.Because she was a successful entrepreneur who donated large amounts of money to charitable causes, Madame C. J. Walker is remembered today as both a _ and a _.（分数：3.50）A.protgB.tycoonC.sojournerD.dilettanteE.philanthr

27、opistF.prevaricator37.The _ of the scientist“s rebuttal of the hypothesis was startling even in the notoriously _ world of nineteenth-century geology.（分数：3.50）A.arroganceB.ferocityC.accuracyD.narrow-mindedE.inexactF.contentious38.Like cartoonists, some painters seek to communicate character _, but t

28、his economy of means is not artistic shallowness.（分数：3.50）A.serpentinelyB.ludicrouslyC.terselyD.mercilesslyE.succinctlyF.sinuouslyGRE-16 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、基础填空(总题数：38，分数：100.00)1.Deer over growing has dramatically reduced plant _ in many eastern United States forests; the few surviving pla

29、nt species are that regrow quickly or that deer find _.（分数：2.50）A.mortalityB.diseaseC.diversity D.edibleE.nutritiousF.unpalatable 解析：解析 the 说明前后同义重复，or 说明前后同义重复。 第一空对应 few surviving plant species，第二空是植物活下来的原因。 mortality 杀伤力，disease 疾病，diversity 多样性；edible 可食用的，nutritious 有营养的，unpalatable 不好吃的。答案选 CF

30、。2.The teacher unabashedly used _, flattering his students in an attempt to coax them to _ research projects for extra credit.（分数：2.50）A.coercionB.cajolery C.innuendoD.suppressE.glorifyF.undertake 解析：解析 逗号说明前后同义重复。 第一空与 coax(哄骗)同义重复。coercion 强迫，cajolery 哄骗，innuendo 暗示。答案选 B。 suppress 抑制，glorify 赞美，u

31、ndertake 着手做。代入选项，答案选 F。3.No _ the case exists: in reaching a decision, the court is bound to break new legal ground.（分数：2.50）A.interest inB.demand forC.precedent for D.authentication ofE.antecedent of F.requisite for解析：解析 No 取反；冒号说明前后同义重复。 空格与 the case(这个案子)，即 in reaching a decision, the court is b

32、ound to break new legal ground(为了达成决议，法院势必要打破新的法律基础)反义重复。 interest in 对有兴趣，demand for的必需品，precedent for的先例，authentication of的授权，antecedent of的先例，requisite for的必需品。答案选 CE。 注：这里 demand for 和 requisite for 是干扰项，同表示“的必需品”。4.Her actions did nothing but good, but since she performed them out of self-inter

33、est, they could not be called_.（分数：2.50）A.altruistic B.egotisticC.benignD.fortuitousE.self-centeredF.self-sacrificing 解析：解析 since 说明前后同义重复；not 取反。 空格与 out of self-interest(出于自身利益)反义重复。 altruistic 无私的，egotistic 自私的，benign 仁慈的，fortuitous 偶然发生的，self-centered 自私的，self-sacrificing 无私的。答案选 AF。 注：这里 egotis

34、tic 和 self-centered 是干扰项，同表示“自私的”，与正确选项构成反义词。5.Max Roach is regarded as a _ of modern jazz drumming because he was one of the first artists to _ the melodic, rather than merely rhythmic, possibilities of his instrument.（分数：2.50）A.diehardB.progenitor C.chroniclerD.jettisonE.repudiateF.exploit 解析：解析 b

35、ecause 说明前后同义重复；rather than 说明前后反义重复。 第一空与 first(第一个)同义重复。diehard 顽固的人，progenitor 始祖，chronicler 编年史学家。答案选 B。 第二个设空处_ the melodic 与 merely rhythmic(只有节奏的)反义重复。jettison 抛弃，repudiate 拒绝，exploit 利用。答案选 F。6.Since codfish are _ part of the marine ecosystem, their _ would adversely affect the animals who d

36、epend on them as a source of food.（分数：2.50）A.a negligibleB.an integral C.an inexplicableD.existenceE.proximityF.extinction 解析：解析 Since 说明前后同义重复。 第二空与 adversely affect(负面影响)对应；第一空充当逻辑关联。 两空联动，若第一空填入逻辑正向的词，则第二空与 adversely affect 同义重复；反之，则第二空与adversely affect 反义重复。 negligible 可以忽略的，integral 不可缺少的，inexp

37、licable 难以解释的；existence 存在，proximity 接近，extinction 灭绝。答案选 BF。7.The gifted child-poet Minou Drouet, hailed in the 1950s, as an artistic _, now lives in relative _, enjoying a privacy unavailable to her as a child.（分数：2.50）A.dilettanteB.prodigy C.charlatanD.opulenceE.anonymity F.passivity解析：解析 as 说明前后

38、同义重复；逗号说明前后同义重复。 第一空与 gifted(有天赋的)同义重复。dilettante 业余爱好者，prodigy 天才，charlatan 骗子。答案选 B。 第二空与 privacy(隐私)同义重复。opulence 丰富，anonymity 匿名，passivity 被动。答案选 E。8.The legislator is known on Capitol Hill for his oratorical spontaneity, his ability to deliver _ speech.（分数：2.50）A.an enigmaticB.a conscientiousC.

39、an impromptu D.an extemporaneous E.a lacklusterF.a meticulous解析：解析 逗号说明前后同义重复。 空格与 spontaneity(自发性)同义重复。 enigmatic 难以捉摸的，conscientious 仔细的，impromptu 即兴的，extemporaneous 即兴的，lackluster 暗淡的，meticulous 仔细的。答案选 CD。 注：这里 conscientious 和 meticulous 是干扰项，同表示“仔细的”。9.Ms. Nunez was _, remaining assured and sel

40、f-controlled even in the most volatile of situations.（分数：2.50）A.ungainlyB.autocraticC.unflappable D.effusiveE.demonstrativeF.imperturbable 解析：解析 逗号说明前后同义重复。 空格与 remaining assured and self-controlled(保持自信和自制)同义重复。 ungainly 笨拙的，autocratic 专制的，unflappable 镇定的，effusive 过分多情的，demonstrative过分多情的，imperturb

41、able 镇定的。答案选 CF。 注：这里 effusive 和 demonstrative 是干扰项，同表示“过分多情的”。10.The delegates“ behavior at the convention was utterly disgraceful and fully deserving of the _ it provoked.（分数：2.50）A.rancor B.lethargyC.commiserationD.animosity E.compunctionF.misgiving解析：解析 and 说明前后同义重复。 空格与 disgraceful(可耻的)同义重复。 ra

42、ncor 敌意，lethargy 无精打采，commiseration 同情，animosity 敌意，compunction 内疚，misgiving 担忧。答案选 AD。11.Gwen“s ambitious desert hike was impeded by the heat that sapped her strength and resolve, leaving her _ and _.（分数：2.50）A.feverishB.dexterousC.debilitated D.unerringE.resilientF.disheartened 解析：解析 impeded 表示“妨碍

43、”，前后反义重复。 第一空与 strength(力量)反义重复。feverish 狂热的，dexterous 头脑灵活的，debilitated 衰弱的。答案选 C。 第二空与 resolve(决心)反义重复。unerring 不犯错误的，resilient 有复原能力的，disheartened沮丧的。答案选 F。12.Because of their spare, white appearance, ancient Greek statues in modern museums are often considered _; yet newly unearthed antiquities

44、showing traces of bright pigment are not so _.（分数：2.50）A.elaborateB.austere C.ostentatiousD.unadorned E.vividF.unattainable解析：解析 yet 说明前后反义重复；not 取反。 两空联动，同义重复；第一空与 spare，white appearance(简朴的白色外观)同义重复。 elaborate 复杂的，austere 朴素的，ostentatious 炫耀卖弄的；unadorned 朴素的，vivid 鲜艳的，unattainable 难以获得的。答案选 BD。13.

45、Former news anchor Dan Rather had _ for colorful _: for example, he once described a political race as “Spandex tight“.（分数：2.50）A.a distasteB.a penchant C.an antipathyD.epistlesE.paradigmsF.locutions 解析：解析 冒号说明前后同义重复。 设空处 had _ for colorful _与 for example, he once described a political race as “Span

46、dex tight“(比如，他曾经将一场政治竞争描述为“Spandex tight”)同义重复。 distaste 反感，penchant 爱好，antipathy 反感；epistles 书信，paradigms 典范，locutions 措辞/惯用语。答案选 BF。14.Lan Cao describes her novel Monkey Bridge as autobiographical “in mood rather than fact“, claiming it depicts _, not _, truth.（分数：2.50）A.poeticB.objectiveC.emotio

47、nal D.romanticizedE.literal F.personal解析：解析 rather than 和 not 都表示前后反义重复。 第一空与 mood(心情)同义重复。poetic 诗歌的，objective 客观的，emotional 情绪的。答案选 C。 第二空与 fact(事实)同义重复。romanticized 浪漫的，literal 字面的，personal 个人的。答案选E。15.Because Alejandra and Raina have never allowed their differences of opinion to come between the

48、m, their friendship remains _.（分数：2.50）A.conditionalB.excitingC.distantD.staunch E.steadfast F.remote解析：解析 Because 说明前后同义重复。 空格与 have never allowed their differences of opinion to come between them(从不允许她们在观点上存在分歧)同义重复。 conditional 有条件的，exciting 令人兴奋的，distant 遥远的，staunch 坚定而忠实可靠的，steadfast 坚定的，remote 遥远的。答案选