【考研类试卷】英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编4及答案解析.doc

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1、英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编 4及答案解析(总分：52.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、判断题(总题数：26，分数：52.00)1.In the sentence “Money is often said to be the root of all evil“ , “root“ is used in its conceptual meaning.（北二外 2007研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False2.After comparing “They stopped at the end of the corridor. “ with “At the end of the corr

2、idor, they stopped. “ , you may find some difference in meaning, and the difference can be interpreted in terms of collocative meaning.（北二外 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False3.Conceptual meaning overlaps to a large extent with the notion of “ reference“.（北二外2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False4.When you use your

3、own sentence with a meaning other than the conceptual, the meaning is sometimes referred to as speaker“s meaning, or contextual meaning.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False5.Reference is one of the rarely used cohesive devices.（南开大学 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False6.Odgen and Richards argue that the re

4、lation between a word and a thing it refers to is not direct.（南开大学 2004研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False7.“Tulip“ , “rose“ and “violet“ are all included in the notion of “flower“. Therefore they are superordinates of “ flower“.（北二外 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False8.Sense is regarded as a kind of intralinguistic

5、relationship.（北二外 2010研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False9.All the words in a language can be used to refer, but only some have senses.(北二外 2010研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False10.A speaker flouts the Maxim of Quantity when his contributions to the conversation are not truthful.（对外经贸 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False11.The

6、co-operative principle was proposed by Grice.（南开大学 2004研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False12.When performing an illocutionary act of representative, the speaker is making a statement or giving a description which he himself believes to be true.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False13.As the process of communication is essenti

7、ally a process of conveying meaning in a certain context , pragmatics can also be considered as a kind of meaning study.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False14.Inviting, suggesting, warning, ordering are instances of commissives.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False15.All languages have some differences in verb forms which are u

8、sed to produce cohesion.（南开大学 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False16.One of properties of the adjacency pairs is that the form and content of the first part depends on the type of the second part.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False17.The topic-comment distinction depends on the point of view of the listener.（分数：2.00）A.T

9、rueB.False18.Regional dialect is a variety of language related to the use of language.（东南大学 2003年研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False19.Sociolinguists are interested in “terms of address“ because they offer some socio-cultural information about the type of relationship between the speaker and the hearer.（上外 200

10、0年研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False20.Micro-sociolinguistics is sociolinguistics proper.（东南大学 2003年研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False21.Metonymy involves using the familiar to stand for the unfamiliar.（对外经贸 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False22.As a new approach to the study of language and mind, popular linguistics began to

11、 appear in the 1970s and has been increasingly active since 1980s.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False23.Universal Grammar refers to the principles and properties that pertain to the grammars of all human languages.（对外经贸 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False24.All normal children have equal ability in learning their first

12、 language.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False25.It is easy for parents to teach their children grammar.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False26.The ability to learn a second language as an adult may vary considerably between individuals.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编 4答案解析(总分：52.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、判断题(总题数：26，分数：52.00)1.In

13、 the sentence “Money is often said to be the root of all evil“ , “root“ is used in its conceptual meaning.（北二外 2007研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（这里的“root”是用了它的联想意义中的内涵义，不是概念意义。)2.After comparing “They stopped at the end of the corridor. “ with “At the end of the corridor, they stopped. “ , you may

14、 find some difference in meaning, and the difference can be interpreted in terms of collocative meaning.（北二外 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（搭配意义是通过词语的常用搭配而传达的意义；主位意义是通过顺序和重音这种信息的方式所传达的意义。显然这里用的是主位意义。)3.Conceptual meaning overlaps to a large extent with the notion of “ reference“.（北二外2005研)（分数：2

15、.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（概念意义是逻辑的、认知的、外延的内容。指称理论指把词语意义跟它所指称或所代表的事物联系起来，二者有其相似之处。)4.When you use your own sentence with a meaning other than the conceptual, the meaning is sometimes referred to as speaker“s meaning, or contextual meaning.（大连外国语学院 2008研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（有时句子的意思要根据说话人想表达的意

16、思而定，这也可称为语境意。)5.Reference is one of the rarely used cohesive devices.（南开大学 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（指称是一种常用的衔接手段。)6.Odgen and Richards argue that the relation between a word and a thing it refers to is not direct.（南开大学 2004研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（奥格登和理查兹在意义的意义一书中提出了语义三角的理论。他们认为词与所

17、指事物之间没有直接的关系。它们是以概念为中介的。)7.“Tulip“ , “rose“ and “violet“ are all included in the notion of “flower“. Therefore they are superordinates of “ flower“.（北二外 2006研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（位于上下义这种意义关系上位的词语，即类名，叫做上坐标词；居于下位的是成员，叫做下义词。这里的上标词应该是“nower”。)8.Sense is regarded as a kind of intralinguistic r

18、elationship.（北二外 2010研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（涵义是可看作是它和其他词之间的涵义关系网络，我们可以把涵义界定为词语之间的语义关系，更概括地说，是语言单位之间的语义关系。它体现的是语言内关系。)9.All the words in a language can be used to refer, but only some have senses.(北二外 2010研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（一种语言中的所有词都有涵义（sense)，但并不是每个词都有指称（reference)。)（根据取效行为的定义

19、，由话语所带来的结果和变化。)10.A speaker flouts the Maxim of Quantity when his contributions to the conversation are not truthful.（对外经贸 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（违反的是质量准则而不是数量准则。)11.The co-operative principle was proposed by Grice.（南开大学 2004研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（合作原则是由格莱斯提出的。)12.When performi

20、ng an illocutionary act of representative, the speaker is making a statement or giving a description which he himself believes to be true.（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（阐述类是指说话人进行陈述或描写，说自己相信是真的话。)13.As the process of communication is essentially a process of conveying meaning in a certain context , p

21、ragmatics can also be considered as a kind of meaning study.（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（语用学是研究语言在某种语境下所传达的意义，也是研究语言意义的。)14.Inviting, suggesting, warning, ordering are instances of commissives.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（题中所举为指令性话语，指说话人试图让听话人做某一件事。)15.All languages have some differences in verb f

22、orms which are used to produce cohesion.（南开大学 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（语言中的动词会有不同的形式来连接上下文。)16.One of properties of the adjacency pairs is that the form and content of the first part depends on the type of the second part.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（配租对话的其中一个特征是第二部分的内容与构成取决于第一部分。)17.The

23、 topic-comment distinction depends on the point of view of the listener.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（已知信息与新信息的区别在于听话者一方，而话题与述题的区别在于说话者一方。)18.Regional dialect is a variety of language related to the use of language.（东南大学 2003年研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（语言的变体可从使用者和使用两个角度划分为方言变体和类型变体，前者称为方言，后者为语域

24、。地域方言应该与语言的使用者相关。)19.Sociolinguists are interested in “terms of address“ because they offer some socio-cultural information about the type of relationship between the speaker and the hearer.（上外 2000年研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（“称谓”中包含社会文化意义。)20.Micro-sociolinguistics is sociolinguistics proper.（

25、东南大学 2003年研)（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（微观社会语言学”或“小社会语言学”是研究语言的变异(Variation)，并且联系社会因素来探讨语言变异发生的原因和规律，常常使用统计的方法和概率的模式来描写这些变异现象。“宏观社会语言学“研究社会中的语言问题，如双语、语言接触、双方言，语言规范化问题等。因此，“微观社会语言学”只是社会语言学的一部分。)21.Metonymy involves using the familiar to stand for the unfamiliar.（对外经贸 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析

26、：解析：（转喻是一种一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法。)22.As a new approach to the study of language and mind, popular linguistics began to appear in the 1970s and has been increasingly active since 1980s.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（作为研究语言和思维的一种方法，认知语言学在 20世纪 70年代开始出现，从 20世纪 90年代就变得日益活跃。)23.Universal Grammar re

27、fers to the principles and properties that pertain to the grammars of all human languages.（对外经贸 2005研)（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（普遍语法指符合所有人类语言特征的语法。)24.All normal children have equal ability in learning their first language.（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（乔姆斯基的语言习得机制解释了这一点。)25.It is easy for parents to teach their children grammar.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False 解析：解析：（语法的获得一方面是语言掌握能力的提升，另一方面是语言表达能力的提高，孩子在十岁之前很难掌握一些语法之间的细微差异。)26.The ability to learn a second language as an adult may vary considerably between individuals.（分数：2.00）A.True B.False解析：解析：（不同的个体有不同的学习环境，并且他们的学习能力也会受到学习动机和个人爱好的影响。)