【考研类试卷】中医综合-方剂学(三)及答案解析.doc

《【考研类试卷】中医综合-方剂学(三)及答案解析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【考研类试卷】中医综合-方剂学(三)及答案解析.doc（30页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、中医综合-方剂学(三)及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Are teens and young adults more narcissistic (自恋的) today than in the past? Thats the view of a California researcher who studies (1) people. In her new book, The Narcissism (2) : Living in the Age of Entitlement, psychologist J

2、ean Twenge of San Diego State University and (3) W. Keith Campbell of the University of Georgia say research shows (4) young people today have “narcissistic traits“ than in (5) generations. Such traits, Twenge says, include a very. (6) and inflated sense of self, which is (7) by a preoccupation with

3、 MySpace, Facebook and YouTube. “Weve been on this self-admiration cultural (8) for a long time,“ Twenge says. (9) Twenges take on todays young people isnt universal. Studies by other researchers, including Canadian (10) Dr. Kali of the University of Western Ontario, have used the same data but foun

4、d (11) results. “They put a different (12) on it,“ Kali says. Twenges studies have found more narcissistic traits and a (13) rate of increase among college students today, but Kali found that students narcissism was (14) greater in 2006 than in 1976. Twenges most recent paper studied the same data a

5、s Kali-more than 20 000 college students from 2002 to 2007. (15) researchers used the Narcissistic Personality Inventory to measure narcissistic (16) and findings by both have been (17) in peerreviewed journals. Twenges book (18) just a month after The Mirror Effect : How Celebrity Narcissism Is Sed

6、ucing America, a book co-written by behavioral (19) Drew Pinsky, (20) suggested that a celebrity-obsessed culture is causing more narcissism.（分数：10.00）(1).A old B changeable C young D depressed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A Epidemic B Disease C Period D Spell（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A co-author B patient C lead

7、er D officer（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A less B more C decreasing D many（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A primary B original C previous D initial（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A passive B rational C negative D positive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A criticized B illustrated C advocated D despised（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A upset B kick C i

8、rritant D stimulant（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A Then B And C Also D But（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A psychologist B archaeologist C philosopher D physicist（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A similar B different C strange D odd（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A information B result C opinion D consequence（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A weaker

9、 B faster C lower D slower（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A much B no C so D far（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A Neither B Either C Both D Each（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A tendencies B addictions C hobbies D fascinations（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A rejected B reported C accepted D published（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A receives B get

10、s C arrives D achieves（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A amateur B fan C expert D enthusiast（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A what B whom C when D which（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Indias nomads have roamed the subcontinent for hundreds, sometimes tho

11、usands, of years. The Gadulia Lobar (their name comes from the Hindi words for “cart, “ gadulia and “blacksmith, “ lohar) are among the best known. In their illustrious past the Gadulia Lohar forged armor for Hindu kings. Today these blacksmiths pitch camp on the outskirts of tiny Indian villages an

12、d make simple goods from metal. Others are herders, such as the Rabari, famous throughout western India for their large scarfs and familiarity with all things concerning camel. Some are hunters and plant gatherers. Some are service providerssalt traders, fortune-tellers, magicians. And some are stor

13、y-tellers, snake charmers, animal doctors, tattooists, basket makers. In total, anthropologists have identified about 500 nomadic groups in India, numbering perhaps 80 million peoplearound 7 percent of the countrys billion-plus population.These wanderers were once part of Indias mainstream. They mes

14、hed comfortably with the villagers who lived along their annual migration routes. In the 19th century, though, attitudes began to change. British administrators regarded them as vagrants and criminals, sowing prejudice that survived colonial rule. The rapidly modernizing India of call centers and br

15、and-obsessed youth has scant use for tinkers or bear trainers, and cattle herders are in a losing battle with industry and urban sprawl. Fragmented by hierarchy, language, and region, the nomads are ignored by politicians and, in contrast to other downtrodden groups, have reaped few benefits from so

16、cial welfare schemes.Just defining the term “nomad“ is problematic in India. Many groups that once definitely fit the category have clustered in slums in a process anthropologists call sedentarization. Yet India remains a rigidly hierarchical society in which birth is often synonymous with destiny.

17、So, mobile or not, Indias nomads are united by a history of poverty and exclusion that continues to this day. probably the biggest human rights crisis youve never heard of.To the lonely few who have taken up the nomads cause, a big part of the solution is to provide them with roofs over their heads,

18、 or at least an address, which would make it easier for them to get welfare benefits and enroll their kids in school. But such efforts have met fierce resistance from villagers and local politicians, who see the roamers as disreputable outsiders.India once teemed with such traveling niche workers. M

19、any were first described in detail by a British civil servant, D. Ibbetson, in an 1883 report based on census data from the Punjab region. Ibbetsons observations reflected the prejudices of the day and the widely held belief in Britain that nomadsand especially the dark-skinned Romany-speaking peopl

20、e known as Gypsieswere unchangeable agents of vice. Such attitudes transferred easily to the subcontinent.（分数：10.00）(1).The author mentions the nomads have wandered India for thousands of years to_.A prove they are the largest disadvantageous group in IndiaB demonstrate their long history of poverty

21、-stricken situationC emphasize rapidly modernizing India lead to large number of nomadsD highlight that nomads in India have an illustrious past（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).We can infer from the passage that in India_.A there was no prejudice against nomads in the 18th centuryB nomads are unavoidable for it

22、s hierarchical societyC nomads enjoyed more social welfare during the colonial periodD politicians want to solve the problems by providing nomads residence（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, the most ambitious effort to solve the nomads problem should be_.A the improvement of the local ec

23、onomyB the elevation of their political statusC the removal of the hierarchical social structureD the fulfillment of the welfare benefits（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the authors attitude towards the nomads?A Sympathetic. B Hostile.C Optimistic. D Indifferent.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the followi

24、ng is the text mainly about?A The consequences of wandering in India.B The causes of nomads wandering in India.C The social problems of wandering in India.D The past and present of the nomads in India.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“You are not here to tell me what to do. You are here to t

25、ell me why I have done what I have already decided to do,“ Montagu Norman, the Bank of Englands longest-serving governor (1920-1944), is reputed to have once told his economic adviser. Today, thankfully, central banks aim to be more transparent in their decision making, as well as more rational. But

26、 achieving either of these things is not always easy. With the most laudable of intentions, the Federal Reserve, Americas central bank, may be about to take a step that could backfire. Unlike the Fed, many other central banks have long declared explicit inflation targets and then set interest rates

27、to try to meet these. Some economists have argued that the Fed should do the same. With Alan Greenspan, the Feds much-respected chairman, due to retire next year-after a mere 18 years in the job-some Fed officials want to adopt a target, presumably to maintain the central banks credibility in the sc

28、ary new post-Greenspan era. The Fed discussed such a target at its February meeting, according to minutes published this week. This sounds encouraging. However, the Fed is considering the idea just when some other central banks are beginning to question whether strict inflation targeting really work

29、s. At present centra1 banks focus almost exclusively on consumer-price indices. On this measure Mr. Greenspan can boast that inflation remains under control. But some central bankers now argue that the prices of assets, such as houses and shares, should also somehow be taken into account. A broad pr

30、ice index for America which includes house prices is currently running at 5.5%, its fastest pace since 1982. Inflation has simply taken a different form. Should central banks also try to curb increases in such asset prices? Mr. Greenspan continues to insist that monetary policy should not be used to

31、 prick asset-price bubbles. Identifying bubbles is difficult, except in retrospect, he says, and interest rates are a blunt weapon: an increase big enough to halt rising prices could trigger a recession. It is better, he says, to wait for a housing or stockmarket bubble to burst and then to cushion

32、the economy by cutting interest rates-as he did in 2001-2002. And yet the risk is not just that asset prices can go swiftly into reverse. As with traditional inflation, surging asset prices also distort price signals and so can cause a misallocation of resources-encouraging too little saving, for ex

33、ample, or too much investment in housing. Surging house prices may therefore argue for higher interest rates than conventional inflation would demand. In other words, strict inflation targeting-the fad of the 1990s-is too crude.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “minutes“ (Line 6, Paragraph 2) most probably mea

34、ns _. A recordB new-letterC announcementD motive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the text, it is upsetting that the Federal Reserve does not take into account inflation targets _. A until what to do is clarifiedB until explicit inflation targets are declaredC until increases in asset prices are cur

35、bedD until its efficiency is cast doubt on（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).We can learn from the third paragraph that _. A increases in asset prices are interfered by the Federal ReservesB more emphasis should be placed on consumer-price indicesC changes have taken place in the pattern of inflationD inflation h

36、ave been brought under federal control（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It is implied in the fourth paragraph that Mr. Greenspan is skeptical of _. A the stipulation of anti-monopoly rules and regulationsB the intervention by central banks in asset pricesC the prevention of economic recessionD the countdown by t

37、he Federal Reserve of new economic upheavals（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the followings would be the best title for the text?A American Monetary Conundrums Are Readily Deciphered. B American Central Banks Are on the Verge of Extinction. C Conventional Inflation Target Is Best Employed in Transparen

38、t Environment. D Americas Monetary Policy Is off Target.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In War Made Easy Norman Solomon demolishes the myth of all independent American press zealously guarding sacred values of free expression. Although strictly focusing on the shameless history of media che

39、erleading for the principal post World War American wars, invasions, and interventions, he calls into question the entire concept of the press as some kind of institutional counterforce to government and corporate power.Many of the examples compiled in this impeccably documented historical review wi

40、ll be familiar to readers who follow the news on the Internet. But such examples achieve flesh impact because of the way Solomon has organized and analyzed them. Each chapter is devoted to a single warhawk argument ( “ America Is a Fair and Noble Superpower, “ “ Opposing the War Means Siding with th

41、e Enemy, “ “Our Soldiers Are Heroes, Theirs Are Inhuman “ ), illustrated with historical examples from conflicts in the Dominican Republic, E1 Salvador, Vietnam, Grenada, Panama, Kosovo, both Iraq wars, and others in which the media were almost universally enthusiastic accomplices.The book should re

42、ally be subtitled “ War reporting doesnt just suck, it kills. “ It makes you feel like demanding a special war crimes tribunal for corporate media executives and owners who joined the roll-up to “ shock and awe “ as non-uniformed psywar ops. To be sure, this would raise the issue of whether or not f

43、ollowing orders might suffice for the defense of obedient slaves such as Mary McGrory and Richard Cohen, who performed above and beyond the call of duty. “ He persuaded me, “ McGrory gushed the morning after Colin Powell addressed a plenary session of the United Nations on February 5,2003, declaring

44、 that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction. “ The cumulative effect was stunning.“ In the same Washington Post edition, Cohen wrote.The evidence he presented to the United Nationssome of it circumstantial, some of it absolutely bone-chilling in its detailhad to prove to anyone that Iraq not only has

45、nt accounted for its weapons of mass destruction but without a doubt still retains them. Only a fool could conclude otherwise.Solomon demonstrates how this kind of peppy prewar warm-up degenerates into drooling and heavy breathing once the killing begins. As if observing a heavy metal computer game,

46、 the pornographers of death concentrate on the exquisite craftsmanship and visual design of the murder machines, and the magnificence of the fiery explosions they produce.（分数：10.00）(1).What is a common misperception of American press?A It protects freedom of expression without reserve.B It concentra

47、tes on media support for the wars.C It discloses the shocking history of invasions.D It stands on the side of the government.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The author of this passage thinks War Made Easy is_.A questionableB controversialC well-provenD finely-polished（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be implied that

48、 the conflicts in E1 Salvador, Vietnam, Grenada, Panama, Kosovo_.A created heroesB are forgotten by most AmericansC were criticised by American mediaD were supported by American media（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can be inferred about McGrory and Richard Cohen?A Both were shocked by the news that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction.B Both publicly supported the US accusation of Iraq.C Both committed a special war crime.D Both defended the interests of those who were submissive.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the second to last paragraph, “ could con