【考研类试卷】中医综合-方剂学(七)及答案解析.doc

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1、中医综合-方剂学(七)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sometimes we have specific problems with our mother; sometimes, life with her can just be hard work. If there are difficulties in your (1) , its best to deal with them, (2) remember that any (3) should be done (4) person or by

2、 letter. The telephone is not a good (5) because it is too easy (6) either side to (7) the conversation.Explain to her (8) you find difficult in your relationship and then (9) some new arrangements that you think would establish a (10) balance between you. Sometimes we hold (11) from establishing su

3、ch boundaries because we are afraid that doing (12) implies we are (13) her. We need to remember that being (14) from our mother does not (15) mean that we no longer love her. If the conflict is (16) and you cannot find a way to (17) it, you might decide to give up your relationship with your mother

4、 for a while. Some of my patients had (18) “trial separations“. The (19) allowed things to simmer down, enabling (20) .（分数：10.00）(1).A relationship B emission C emulation D interpretation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A and B but C thus D or（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A contradiction B estimation C confrontation D i

5、mmersion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A by B for C to D in（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A innovation B manoeuvre C medium D synthesis（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A on B for C off D to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A formulate B commence C perceive D terminate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A whether B how C what D why（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A propo

6、se B perform C remove D outline（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A distinctive B turbulent C spontaneous D healthier（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A back B on C off D by（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A it B which C what D so（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A mustering B ejecting C insulting D retaliating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A harmonious B

7、 wholesome C malignant D independent（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A instantly B reluctantly C necessarily D steadily（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A moderate B hereditary C inevitable D extreme（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A shape B resolve C simulate D grind（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A successful B compulsory C miserable D stat

8、ionary（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A blunder B temptation C break D trait（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A reconciliation B rebellion C recreation D rehearse（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Its never too early or too late for a parent to become a teac

9、her. In this age of teacher accountability, endless school testing, increased pressure and competition, and the proliferation of “educational“ toys, too many people forget that success begins at home.Freeman A. Hrabowski , president of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, and co-author of B

10、eating the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Males and Overcoming the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Young Women, says that in the interviews he and his co-authors conducted, the overwhelming factor in their childrens academic achievement was that parents

11、 inspired and envisioned their childrens success. They thought and talked about what would be required to have a .successful child.“It just makes such a difference when theres someone in that house working to relate to that child and inspire that child,“ Hrabowski says. “These parents (of the high a

12、chievers discussed) are really inspirational in their commitment to their children.“Professor Barbara T. Bowman, one of the faculty founders of Chicagos Erikson Institute, an independent institution of higher education that prepares child development professionals for leader- ship, says that Black c

13、hildren must learn in two different cultures-the African-American culture in which they live and the mainstream culture on which school and education are based.Bowman also says the relationship between children and their parents is critical. “It is the early responsive ness of the caregiver to the i

14、nfants behavior that creates a sense of well-being and optimism that affects the childs interest in learning,“ says Bowman, who served as president of the institute from 1994 to last year. “Children who like and want to please the adult learn better what the adult wants them to learn.“In this day of

15、 highly competitive testing and the stress of getting high SAT or ACT scores, its important also to avoid pressuring or overexposing your child. Your son or daughter is probably already facing stress at school and on the playground. Your role is to help him or her relieve and manage that stress. Hel

16、p them to understand that life does not end or begin with a test. And while academic success is important, its also important to keep everything in perspective. Failure is a relative term in the grand scheme of things. If your child did poorly on a test, but answered a particularly tough question co

17、rrectly, stress the positive. On the other hand, if schoolwork comes too easily to your child, find other ways to challenge him or her so they understand that life wont always be that way.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, the parents of high achievers are usually _.A successful themselves B tea

18、chersC inspirational D working hard（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that the African-American culture is _.A an important part of the mainstream cultureB the base of the mainstream cultureC different in many ways from the mainstream cultureD dependant on the mainstream cultur

19、e（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Whether a child is interested in learning depends on _.A the content the adult wants the children to learnB how pleased the parents are when the children are learningC the feedback the parents give to children at an early ageD the physical health of the children（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D

20、.(4).The suggestion given in the last paragraph is _.A to emphasize the importance of success for childrenB to avoid pressuring the children too muchC to challenge the children as much as possibleD to use the positive effect of pressure（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which one of the following is the best titl

21、e for the passage?A How to raise a high-achieving childB Successful students whose parents are teachersC Key factors for childrens successD Motivation and challenge: what do children need most?（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)This years Sumantra Ghoshal Conference, held at London Business Sc

22、hool, debated whether strategy research has become irrelevant to the practice of management. The late Mr Ghoshal published a paper in 2005 scolding business schools for pouring “bad theory“ on their students. That same year Warren Bennis and James OToole, both at the University of Southern Californi

23、a, published an article in the Harvard Business Review criticising MBA programmes for paying too much attention to “scientific“ research and not enough to what current and future managers actually needed. Business schools, they argued, would be better off acting more like their professional counterp

24、arts, such as medical or law schools, nurturing skilled practitioners as well as frequent publishers.However, business school professors have a tendency not to change. Since universities take journal rankings into account when awarding tenure, academics are rewarded more when they publish in researc

25、h journals. (Popular media rankings of MBA programmes, although not The Economists, also take research output into account.)In 2008 the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) took up the debate, publishing a report on making business research more useful. It suggested that ten

26、ure committees become more flexible. A scholar dedicated to popularising management ideas, for example, should be evaluated on book sales and attention from the news media, not on articles in research journals. This would allow faculty to reach out to wider audiences, rather than be, as Messrs Benni

27、s and OToole put it, “damned as popularisers“.But that might also risk granting tenure on the basis of trendy but ultimately unhelpful ideas. In any case, some argue that the relevance of business research is understated. Jan Williams, vice chair of AACSB, argues that doing research allows faculty m

28、embers to stay at the forefront of their subject, and that in turn improves their teaching. “We cant teach students outdated material,“ he says.What is more, a paper in Academy of Management Learning access to frontier research comes afterwards. As Messrs Bennis and OToole put it: “Business professo

29、rs too often forget that executive decision-makers are not fact-collectors; they are fact users and integrators.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, Bennis and OToole complained about_.A business schools publishing papersB irrelevant management in business schoolsC too much efforts direct

30、ed to researchD MBA programmes misleading students（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The ranking of MBA programmes is mentioned in brackets in order to_.A name a particular ranking including the application factorB provide a supporting argument for the importance of research outputC explain why universities expec

31、t journal papers from professorsD show another way for professors to get permanent teaching positions（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).AACSB suggested that_.A professors should not pay heed to scientific researchB a more reasonable evaluating system be established to judge professorsC scholars should entertain a

32、 large audience if they want to be successfulD a flexible evaluating way be created to put scientific research into application（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It can be inferred from the passage that_.A the best schools in the popular media rankings guarantee graduates high salaryB doing research may help stud

33、ents to be better paid laterC professors should be evaluated on the basis of popularityD Jan Williams may not agree with AACSB on the issue about doing research（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the author, after entering a business school a student should first_.A learn to process incoming informati

34、on effectivelyB contribute to the reputation of his schoolC find a professor who is popular in his research fieldD help teachers with their research（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Burkina Faso student teacher Hema Cecile has a lot more time to crack the books thanks to a recent initiative f

35、rom the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation (IFC). The launch of the Lighting Africa program by the two organizations this year has made it possible for Cecile to swap kerosene lamps for a solar-powered LED lantern.Lighting Africa is a 12 million project which intends to bring light

36、 to the poorest regions across sub-Saharan Africa. The program works with the lighting industry to develop clean, affordable lighting and energy solutions for millions without access to electric grids. Its aim is to accelerate the market and to develop education programs that inform off-grid populat

37、ions currently dependent on costly, inefficient and hazardous fuel-based lighting about modern alternatives.Cecile used to spend 3-4 a month on kerosene for her lamp. That is a large proportion of her earningslike 70 percent of the population she lives on less than 2 a day. In the weeks since buying

38、 her lantern she has managed to read four books including Madame Bovary. by Gustave Flaubert and Emile Zolas Germinal. She is among the most learned in a society which has the worlds lowest literacy rate, according to a 2007 UN Human Development Report. When she graduates next year she will teach in

39、 a local junior school She makes ends meet by holiday jobs as a cleaner and an IT trainer. To earn her daily ration of cornmeal she does shifts from May to September in a corn field.The lanterns are designed to look like the kerosene ones they are replacing in order to increase adoption among the po

40、pulation. Each has a small solar panel on the top and costs an average 30, although some cost 100, depending on the size of the battery and the number of LED lights it contains.Because of the large number of sunlight hours in Burkina Faso, the lamps can be relied on to work whenever needed. The batt

41、ery life is 2-4 years, and can be replaced once they lose their storage capacity. The LED lights last 5-10 years.Although it is barely out of its trial period the project, Chabanne said there are signs the project is a boon for the population in areas other than household savings and education. “The

42、re are fewer people reporting eye problems to the local hospital./（分数：10.00）(1).The word “swap“ ( Line 4, Para. 1 ) most probably means _.A to exchange B to destroyC to invent D to copy（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The purpose of the Lighting Africa program is to _.A do market researchB provide new energy so

43、lutionsC help African people to be independentD promote modernization across sub-Saharan Africa（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which one of the following statements is true about Cecile?A She is illiterate, just like many of the citizens in her region.B She works only from May to September every year.C She is

44、a full time employee in an IT company.D She is still a student now.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which one of the following is NOT one of the measures to promote the use of the new lanterns?A Similar looks with the old kerosene ones.B Fixed price of $30 for all models.C Reliable to work when needed.D Replace

45、able batteries.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the author think about the future of the project mentioned in this passage?A Uncertain. B Optimistic.C Pessimistic. D Worried.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Elections often tell you more about what people are against than what they are for. So

46、it is with the European ones that took place last week in all 25 European Union member countries. These elections, widely trumpeted as the worlds biggest-ever multinational democratic vote, were fought for the most part as 25 separate national contests, which makes it tricky to pick out many common

47、themes. But the strongest are undoubtedly negative. Europes voters are angry and disillusioned-and they have demonstrated their anger and disillusion in three main ways. The most obvious was by abstaining. The average overall turnout was just over 45%, by some margin the lowest ever recorded for ele

48、ctions to the European Parliament. And that average disguises some big variations: Italy, for example, notched up over 70%, but Sweden managed only 37%. Most depressing of all, at least to believers in the European project, was the extremely low vote in many of the new member countries from central Europe, which accounted for the whole of the fall in turnout since 1999. In the biggest, Poland, only just over a fifth of the electorate turned out to vote. Only a year ago, central Europeans voted in large numbers to join the E