【考研类试卷】考研英语(阅读)-试卷164及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语(阅读)-试卷 164 及答案解析(总分:70.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:7,分数:70.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension(分数:10.00)_2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.(分数:10.00)_Familiar as it may seem, gravity remains a mystery
2、to modern physics. Despite several decades of trying, scientists have failed to fit Einstein“s general theory of relativity, which describes how gravity holds big objects together, with the quantum mechanics (an extension of statistical mechanics based on quantum theory) he pioneered, which describe
3、s the tiny fundamental particles of whichmatter consists and the forces by which they interact.Recent discoveries have highlighted further problems. Many physicists are therefore entertaining the idea that Einstein“s ideas about gravity must be wrong or at least incomplete. Showing exactly how and w
4、here the great man erred is the task of the scientists who gathered at the “Rethinking Gravity“ conference at the University of Arizona in Tucson this week. One way to test general relativity is to examine ever more closely the assumptions on which it rests, such as the equivalence principle: that g
5、ravity accelerates all objects at the same rate, regardless of their mass or composition. This principle was famously demonstrated by Galileo Galilei some 400 years ago when he simultaneously dropped cannon and musket balls, and balls made of gold, silver and wood, from the Tower of Pisa. Each appea
6、red to hit the ground at the same time. A more precise test requires a taller tower. In effect, researchers are sending balls all the way to the moon and back. Tom Murphy, of the University of California, San Diego, and his colleagues fire laser beams from the deserts of New Mexico at reflectors pla
7、ced on the moon by American and Russian spacecraft in the late 1960s and early 1970s. They use a telescope to capture the small fraction of the light that returns. Because the speed of light is known, they can calculate the distance between the Earth and the moon from the time taken for light to pas
8、s through it. According to general relativity, because the Earth and the moon orbit the sun, they should “fall“ towards it at the same rate, in the same way as Galileo“s balls fell to the ground. By repeatedly measuring the distance between them, scientists can calculate the orbits of the Earth and
9、the moon around the sun relative to each other. If the equivalence principle were violated, the moon“s orbit around the Earth would not appear straight, either towards or away from the sun So far, Dr Murphy told the conference, these experiments have merely confirmed the equivalence principle to one
10、 part in 10 trillion. Dr Murphy and his colleagues hope that even more precise measurements could ultimately show general relativity to be only approximately correct. This would usher in a new revolution in physics.(分数:10.00)(1).It is stated in Paragraph 1 that the theory of relativity(分数:2.00)A.is
11、beyond all the current scientists“ understanding.B.has failed Albert Einstein for years.C.seems at odds with the quantum mechanics.D.is useful in holding big things together.(2).Scientists present at the “Rethinking Gravity“ conference(分数:2.00)A.unanimously believe that Einstein“s general theory of
12、relativity is wrong.B.have found further problems about the general theory of relativity.C.question the assumptions of the general theory of relativity.D.are trying to find out the possible flaws of the gravity theory.(3).Galileo Galilei“s experiment at the Tower of Pisa around 400 years ago(分数:2.00
13、)A.was one way of testing Einstein“s general theory of gravity.B.illustrated the insignificance of mass and composition of an object.C.acted as a well-known example to testify the equivalence principle.D.showed that all objects on Earth were influenced by gravity.(4).Tom Murphy and his colleagues fi
14、re laser beams at reflectors on the moon with the aim to(分数:2.00)A.measure the distance between the moon and the Earth.B.calculate the speed of light.C.check how long it takes light to cross it.D.prove the equivalence principle more accurately.(5).What can we infer from the last paragraph?(分数:2.00)A
15、.General relativity is actually ungrounded at all.B.The calculation of the orbits shows that equivalence principle is violatedC.More should be done to prove the correctness of equivalence principle.D.A new revolution in physics has already arrived.Today, at the push of a button, you can download and
16、 print the whole of Dante“s Divine Comedy, using only a computer, an Internet connection, a paving stone of paper and a small bucket of ink. Technically, the service is free, although it would be easier and cheaper simply to buy the book, which could then be read in the bath, while saving on printer
17、 cartridges and trees. The new service is the latest step in the stated goal of Google, the Internet search engine, “to organize the world“s information and make it universally accessible and useful“ and, although few may be rushing to print out the Digitized Dante, it marks an important development
18、 in world literature. For some, making books available online for free download represents a paradise found; others, including a number of worried publishers and writers, fear it may point the way to the ninth circle of hell. Google“s Book Search service is just one part of the Library Project, in w
19、hich the Internet engine has teamed up with libraries around the world, including the Bodleian in Oxford, to digitize collections and make millions of books available and searchable online. At first sight, the notion of a limitless digital library seems irresistible, a single, free repository access
20、ible from every corner of the globe. Partners in the Library Project say the system will enable users to access not just the classics, but also much more obscure works: forgotten novels, scientific accounts, illustrations and neglected poetry. Moribund books may be brought back to life. Librarians a
21、re often frustrated at the unseen gems in their collections gathering dust. Now the whole lot can be digitally stacked on an endless virtual shelf, to be browsed by anyone with a computer mouse. The problem lies not with digitalizing dead or undead books, but the potential danger to those that still
22、 have commercial life in them in the form of copyright. Google is quick to point out that the books available for download through Book Search are all out of copyright. Indeed, while European law allows copyright to expire 70 years after an author“s death, the new service does not offer anything pub
23、lished later than the mid-19th century. Some publishers, however, see the availability of free books for digital download as the thin end of a very large wedge that could split literature by undermining copyright itself. Last year the Association of American Publishers filed suit against Google clai
24、ming that by scanning 100 per cent of a book (to make it searchable by word) the company is infringing copyright, even if only a small excerpt is then available for free. Silence is golden in a library; but the law of copyright is beyond price.(分数:10.00)(1).Dante“s Divine Comedy is mentioned in Para
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- 考研 试卷 英语 阅读 164 答案 解析 DOC