【考研类试卷】考研英语（完形填空）-试卷114及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 114 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Marriage is, for many people, their most important relationship, the source of

2、 much happiness, and, for some, even adds extra years to their life. While the【C1】_between marriage and well-being has been【C2】_studied, predicting marital success is【C3】_. Exactly which people are likely to make successful 【C4】_and what can they do to【C5】_the odds of being successful and happy in m

3、arriage? “The state of marriage is that it“s going in two directions. For people with a college degree, marriage is still going【C6】_.“ However, Cherlin explains, “for people with less 【C7】_, there“s less marriage and more breakups.“ Happy marriage【C8】_are much less common in such households. Another

4、 predictor of successful marriages is the quality of a【C9】_childhood relationship with their parents. “The kind of relationships you have with your parents【C10】_up are predictive of marital quality in【C11】_Umberson says. Finally, there is a chicken-and-egg【C12】_to successful marriages. “People who a

5、re married are【C13】_than people who aren“t. The question is how much of this is【C14】_and how much is effect?“ While natural selection【C15】_has an impact here, Cherlin says, “people who are【C16】_happy are more likely to get married, but marriage makes them even healthier.“ The【C17】_to good marriages

6、is similar in Umberson“s view. “I think it“s the presence of emotional support, and that the person you“re with does make you feel emotionally supported,“ she says.【C18】_, “If your partner is 【C19】_and demanding“ all the time, those “are just red flags“ in terms of marital happiness. And in terms of

7、【C20】_, she notes, “marital strain is worse for your health than marital happiness is good for your health.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.matchB.linkC.chainD.mark(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.intenselyB.seriouslyC.effectivelyD.simultaneously(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.easyB.difficultC.inevitableD.useful(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）

8、A.husbandsB.wivesC.housekeepersD.spouses(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.emphasizeB.provideC.increaseD.decrease(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.necessaryB.strongC.promisingD.detrimental(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.educationB.incomeC.statusD.influence(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.structuresB.outlooksC.supportsD.outcomes(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.team“sB.cl

9、ass“sC.couple“sD.twin“s(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.growingB.bringingC.makingD.getting(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.neighborhoodB.brotherhoodC.adulthoodD.motherhood(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.reasonB.dilemmaC.sideD.component(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.happierB.wealthierC.granderD.prouder(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.sourceB.causeC.evidenc

10、eD.guidance(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.subsequentlyB.latelyC.possiblyD.surely(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.inherentlyB.naturallyC.obviouslyD.generally(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.natureB.keyC.futureD.quality(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.On the wholeB.As a resultC.On the averageD.On the other hand(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.criticalB.pract

11、icalC.radicalD.typical(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.emphasisB.tensionC.stressD.effect“Forests are the lungs of our land,“ said Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Twenty years ago, the world“s lungs were diseased. Roughly half of all the planet“s once-luxuriant tropical forests had been felled and the further deterio

12、ration of the Earth“s green spaces seemed【C1】_. Over time countries【C2】_a “forest transition curve“. They start in【C3】_with the land covered in trees. As they get richer, they fell the forest and the curve drops sharply until it reaches a low point when people decide to【C4】_whatever they have left T

13、hen the curve rises as reforestation【C5】_. At almost every point along the【C6】_, countries are now doing better defor-esters are【C7】_down less; reforesters are【C8】_more. This matters to everyone because of the extraordinary【C9】_that tropical forests make to reducing carbon emissions. Trees are carbo

14、n【C10】_. If you fell and burn them, you【C11】_carbon into the atmosphere. If you let them【C12】_they store carbon away in their trunks for centuries. Despite decades of【C13】_, tropical forests are still【C14】_about a fifth of emissions from fossil fuels each year. Encouraging countries to plant trees(o

15、r【C15】_them from logging)is by far the most【C16】_way of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions.【C17】_Brazil had kept on felling trees as rapidly as it was cutting them【C18】_in 2005, it would, by 2013, have put an extra 3.2 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. As a way of【C19】_the environ

16、ment, protecting trees is hard to beat. It is in everyone“s interest to find out which forest policies workand【C20】_them.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.avoidableB.vitalC.inevitableD.perplexing(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.ignoreB.traceC.transferD.modify(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.despairB.fitnessC.wealthD.poverty(4).【C4】

17、（分数：2.00）A.protectB.protestC.ruinD.exploit(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.pausesB.endsC.flourishesD.begins(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.tableB.lineC.telegramD.route(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.choppingB.settlingC.passingD.tearing(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.recommendingB.retortingC.replantingD.reconsidering(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.conceptB.catastro

18、pheC.processD.contribution(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.detectorsB.sinksC.generatorsD.producers(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.restrainB.eliminateC.releaseD.broadcast(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.growB.vanishC.superviseD.perish(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.conventionB.corruptionC.destructionD.protection(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.releasingB.ab

19、sorbingC.trackingD.exposing(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.discouragingB.disclosingC.discoveringD.disregarding(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.sentimentalB.sensibleC.effectiveD.useless(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.ThoughB.LikewiseC.HenceD.If(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.inB.downC.acrossD.through(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.destroyingB.identifyingC

20、.helpingD.polluting(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.backB.imagineC.opposeD.doubt考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 114 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Marriage

21、 is, for many people, their most important relationship, the source of much happiness, and, for some, even adds extra years to their life. While the【C1】_between marriage and well-being has been【C2】_studied, predicting marital success is【C3】_. Exactly which people are likely to make successful 【C4】_a

22、nd what can they do to【C5】_the odds of being successful and happy in marriage? “The state of marriage is that it“s going in two directions. For people with a college degree, marriage is still going【C6】_.“ However, Cherlin explains, “for people with less 【C7】_, there“s less marriage and more breakups

23、.“ Happy marriage【C8】_are much less common in such households. Another predictor of successful marriages is the quality of a【C9】_childhood relationship with their parents. “The kind of relationships you have with your parents【C10】_up are predictive of marital quality in【C11】_Umberson says. Finally,

24、there is a chicken-and-egg【C12】_to successful marriages. “People who are married are【C13】_than people who aren“t. The question is how much of this is【C14】_and how much is effect?“ While natural selection【C15】_has an impact here, Cherlin says, “people who are【C16】_happy are more likely to get married

25、, but marriage makes them even healthier.“ The【C17】_to good marriages is similar in Umberson“s view. “I think it“s the presence of emotional support, and that the person you“re with does make you feel emotionally supported,“ she says.【C18】_, “If your partner is 【C19】_and demanding“ all the time, tho

26、se “are just red flags“ in terms of marital happiness. And in terms of【C20】_, she notes, “marital strain is worse for your health than marital happiness is good for your health.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.matchB.link C.chainD.mark解析：解析：文章第 1 句描述婚姻和幸福健康的关系。顺承上文，本句也是讲婚姻和幸福、健康的联系，故选 B 项 link“联系”。(2).

27、【C2】（分数：2.00）A.intensely B.seriouslyC.effectivelyD.simultaneously解析：解析：上句讲到婚姻和幸福、健康的关系，此处用了一般现在时，可看出是一个成熟的结论，也就是说得到了较深入的研究，intensely“强烈地”符合语义，故选 A。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.easyB.difficult C.inevitableD.useful解析：解析：由 while 可知，本题所在的主句与 while 引导的从句为转折关系，因此空格处应填入一个形容词，使主从句构成转折关系。主句说“婚姻和幸福的得到了研究”，据此推测，从句是说“预测婚

28、姻幸福不容易”。B 项 difficult“困难的”符合语境。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.husbandsB.wivesC.housekeepersD.spouses 解析：解析：上文讲到婚姻和幸福的关系及对婚姻是否会成功的预测，本句顺承上文：到底什么样的人有可能成为成功的_。既然是讲婚姻那么此处应该是讲什么样的人可以成为成功的伴侣或配偶，故选D 项 spouses“配偶”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.emphasizeB.provideC.increase D.decrease解析：解析：本句和前句是并列的语义关系，意为：人们要怎么做_婚姻中成功和幸福的几率?前句和本句的

29、 successful 前后对应，语义中均含“要成功”的意思，因此本句的意思应为增加成功的几率，increase“增加”符合此处语义，故选 C。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.necessaryB.strong C.promisingD.detrimental解析：解析：本段首句提到，婚姻的状态会朝两个方向发展，即受过高等教育的人的婚姻状况和教育程度低的人的婚姻状况。下一句提到，少一些的人们的结婚率更低而离婚率更高。据此推断受过高等教育的人的婚姻状况应是更好。故选 B 项 strong“牢固的”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.education B.incomeC.statusD

30、.influence解析：解析：前后两句之间有表转折的 However，因此前句讲受过高等教育的人们的婚姻，那本句就是讲少受一些教育的人的婚姻。education“教育”符合此处语境，故选 A。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.structuresB.outlooksC.supportsD.outcomes 解析：解析：前一句讲到，少受一些教育的人们的结婚率更低而离婚率更高。紧接着本句讲到，幸福的婚姻_在这样的家庭更加少见些。这两句存在因果关系，因为有前句的现象，才造成本句的结果。outcomes“结果”符合此处语境，故选 D。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.team“sB.clas

31、s“sC.couple“s D.twin“s解析：解析：本句意为“成功婚姻的另一个预测指标是_的孩提时代和其父母亲关系的好坏”。此处需要一个词来限定所属关系，婚姻涉及夫妻双方，从上下文来看全部都是讲夫妻婚姻关系，因此本空讲的应该是 couple“s“夫妻的”孩提时代和父母亲的关系，故选 C。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.growing B.bringingC.makingD.getting解析：解析：本句和前句意思相近，前句讲到“另外一个能够预测婚姻是否会成功的是夫妻童年时期和双亲关系的好坏”。此处需要一个词跟 up 连用，与童年时期相呼应，故选 A 项，growing up 表示

32、“成长过程”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.neighborhoodB.brotherhoodC.adulthood D.motherhood解析：解析：从第 9、第 10 题的分析得知，夫妻儿童时代和父母的关系对于婚姻的成功与否有着很大的影响。本题填入的词用于界定处于哪个阶段的 marital quality“婚姻质量”，按照常识，人们结婚时应处于成人阶段，adulthood“成人期”符合此处语境，故选 C。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.reasonB.dilemmaC.sideD.component 解析：解析：文章的第 2、第 3 段已讲了两个影响婚姻的因素，本段

33、的 finally“最后”，表示列举的最后一个部分，即最后一个因素。故本题应填入表“要素，部分”的词，component“要素，组成部分”符合语境，故选 D。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.happier B.wealthierC.granderD.prouder解析：解析：从本段的最后一句“那些快乐的人更有可能结婚，而婚姻令他们更健康。”可以推断出婚姻和身心健康的关系，即婚姻会令人更快乐。因此本空要填入的是 A 项 happier“更快乐”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.sourceB.cause C.evidenceD.guidance解析：解析：上文讲到婚姻和快乐的

34、关系，结合后面的 effect“效果，结果”，推断应选 cause“原因”，cause 和 effect 常连用，表“因果关系”，故选 B。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.subsequentlyB.latelyC.possiblyD.surely 解析：解析：由本句的 while 可以推断本句的主从句间存在转折关系，主句说“婚姻使他们更健康”，这是人为方面的影响。根据转折关系，推断自然选择方面的影响也是存在的，因此空格处需填表“非常确定地”的词，surely“肯定地”符合语境，故选 D。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.inherently B.naturallyC.obv

35、iouslyD.generally解析：解析：上半句讲到自然选择对婚姻和快乐的影响力，本句继续讲到：那些快乐的人更易结婚。“自然选择”暗示基因遗传方面的影响，此空所在的直接引语与前面 while 引导的从句构成转折，而该引语也含有表转折的从句，故空格所在部分应承接 while 引导的从句的语义，应跟基因遗传方面相关，故选A 项 inherently“天性地”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.natureB.key C.futureD.quality解析：解析：下文提到 Umberson 的观点：有情感上的支持以及和你在一起的人能够真正令你感受到情感上的支持。再结合后面说到的“如果你的

36、另一半总是和要求过高，你的婚姻关系会亮红灯”，可知夫妻双方情感上的相互支持对于成功的婚姻至关重要。那么本句讲的就是好的婚姻的要诀是什么，key 意为“关键，要诀”。故选 B。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.On the wholeB.As a resultC.On the averageD.On the other hand 解析：解析：上文讲到好的婚姻是因为有夫妻双方在情感上的相互支持，本句则说到“如果你的另一半总是和要求过高，你的婚姻关系会亮红灯”。前后两句描述的是婚姻的两个不同方面的表现因此两句之间应由表“另一方面”的词或短语来连接。On the other hand 符合要求

37、，故选 D。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.critical B.practicalC.radicalD.typical解析：解析：空格跟 demanding“苛求的，要求高的”，因此空格处的词应跟 demanding 意思相近，critical 意为“吹毛求疵的”，符合此处语境要求，故选 A。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.emphasisB.tensionC.stress D.effect解析：解析：根据本句句首的 in terms of“关于，至于”，后文是对此空的解释说明，讲的是婚姻压力，因此此空需填一个与 martial strain 为同义表达的词，前后呼应，s

38、tress“压力”符合要求，故选 C。“Forests are the lungs of our land,“ said Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Twenty years ago, the world“s lungs were diseased. Roughly half of all the planet“s once-luxuriant tropical forests had been felled and the further deterioration of the Earth“s green spaces seemed【C1】_. Over time

39、 countries【C2】_a “forest transition curve“. They start in【C3】_with the land covered in trees. As they get richer, they fell the forest and the curve drops sharply until it reaches a low point when people decide to【C4】_whatever they have left Then the curve rises as reforestation【C5】_. At almost ever

40、y point along the【C6】_, countries are now doing better defor-esters are【C7】_down less; reforesters are【C8】_more. This matters to everyone because of the extraordinary【C9】_that tropical forests make to reducing carbon emissions. Trees are carbon【C10】_. If you fell and burn them, you【C11】_carbon into

41、the atmosphere. If you let them【C12】_they store carbon away in their trunks for centuries. Despite decades of【C13】_, tropical forests are still【C14】_about a fifth of emissions from fossil fuels each year. Encouraging countries to plant trees(or【C15】_them from logging)is by far the most【C16】_way of r

42、educing greenhouse-gas emissions.【C17】_Brazil had kept on felling trees as rapidly as it was cutting them【C18】_in 2005, it would, by 2013, have put an extra 3.2 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. As a way of【C19】_the environment, protecting trees is hard to beat. It is in everyone

43、“s interest to find out which forest policies workand【C20】_them.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.avoidableB.vitalC.inevitable D.perplexing解析：解析：空格所在句提及“地球上曾经茂密的热带雨林近一半被砍伐”，而植被遭破坏之后恢复的周期很长，一半的热带雨林被砍伐，说明情况很严重，据此推断地球绿地进一步退化是必然的事。故先 C项 inevitable“必然(发生)的，不可避免的”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.ignoreB.trace C.transferD.m

44、odify解析：解析：此处需要一个动词，表示各国对于 forest transition curve“森林转变曲线”所采取的行为。下文提及各国森林面积的变化都遵循了一定的规律，因此选 B 项 trace“追寻的轨迹”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.despairB.fitnessC.wealthD.poverty 解析：解析：下文提及的 as they start richer“当他们开始变得富有以后”提示这些国家之前的状态是与 rich 相对的，故 D 项 poverty“贫穷”符合要求。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.protect B.protestC.ruinD.expl

45、oit解析：解析：上文提及“曲线一直下降，直到达到一个低点”，即在此低点后，曲线将不再下降，也就是说森林面积不再减少。选项中能导致森林面积不再减少的因素应是人们开始保护森林故选 A 项protect“保护”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.pausesB.endsC.flourishesD.begins 解析：解析：句中 the curve rises 代表森林面积的增加。而 reforestation“重新造林”可以增大森林面积，故选表示“开始实施”的 D 项 begins。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.tableB.line C.telegramD.route解析：解析：本部

46、分对 forest transition curve“森林过渡曲线”进行了详细解释。其中提及不同时期森林覆盖率的变化(drops，a low point，rises)，这些点是在森林过渡曲线上，故选 B 项 line“线”，为上文 curve 的同义表达。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.chopping B.settlingC.passingD.tearing解析：解析：上文提及观点 countries are now doing better“国家在森林的保护方面做得更好”，推断 deforester“滥伐森林者”砍伐的树木更少了，故选 A 项 chopping“砍”。(8).【C8】

47、（分数：2.00）A.recommendingB.retortingC.replanting D.reconsidering解析：解析：此处需要一个动词表示 reforesters 所做的事情。上文提及“国家在森林的保护方面做得更好”，此处应该是做对森林保护具有积极意义的事情，符合 reforesters“造林者”这一身份所做的事情是 C 项 replanting“重植”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.conceptB.catastropheC.processD.contribution 解析：解析：空格后 that 引导的从句中提及热带雨林可以减少碳排放，这对于环境和人类来说是一件具有积极意义的事情。因此，选具有积极语义的 D 项 contribution“贡献”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.detectorsB.sinks C.generatorsD.producers解析：解析：上文提及热带雨林能减少(reduce)碳排放，因此应选与 reduce 呼应的 B 项 sinks“吸收池”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.restrainB.eliminateC.release D.broadcast解析：解析：上文提及“热带雨林可以减少碳排放”。因此，