【考研类试卷】考研英语-963及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-963 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Video games have become increasingly realistic, especially those involving armed combat. Americas armed forces have even used video games (1) recruitment and (2) tools. But the desire to play games is not the (3) why the United

2、States Air Force recently (4) a procurement request for 2,200 Sony PlayStation 3 (PS3) video-game consoles. It intends to link them (5) to build a supercomputer that will (6) Linux, a free, open-source operating system. It will be used for research, including the development of high-definition imagi

3、ng systems for radar, and will cost around one-tenth as much as a conventional supercomputer. The air force has already built a smaller computer (7) a cluster of 336 PS3s.This is merely the latest example of a(n) (8) trend. There is a long tradition of technology developed for military use filtering

4、 (9) to consumer markets: satellite-navigation systems (10) to guide missiles can also help hikers find their way, and head-up displays have (11) from jet fighters to family cars. But technology is increasingly moving in the other (12) , too, as consumer products are (13) for military use.Traditiona

5、lly the military has preferred to develop and control its own technology, not just for tactical advantage but also to (14) that equipment was tough and (15) enough for those whose lives would depend on it. That began to change after the cold war as defence budgets became (16) and the development of

6、(17) industrial and consumer products accelerated. As some of these technologies have become commoditized products which are (18) to everyonefriend and foe alikethere seems less (19) not to buy them and use the savings for more critical equipment that needs to be built-to-order. And consumer product

7、s can often be tweaked to make them more rugged or (20) when necessary.（分数：10.00）(1).A. to B. of C. as D. from（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. training B. manufacturing C. stimulating D. alerting（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. idea B. request C. reason D. response（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. limited B. issued C. addresse

8、d D. focused（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. with B. in C. up D. between（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. run B. set C. adapt D. guide（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. for B. as C. from D. into（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. ordinary B. unusual C. annual D. typical（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. out B. beyond C. over D. through（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D

9、.(10).A. assumed B. neglected C. designed D. obsoleted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. moved B. banned C. eliminated D. protected（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. distribution B. demand C. direction D. dictation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. asked B. appropriated C. claimed D. produced（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. reassure B.

10、assure C. sure D. ensure（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. splendid B. competitive C. comfortable D. reliable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. abundant B. constrained C. balanced D. accumulated（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. heavy B. intellect C. sophisticated D. intensive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. available B. incredible C. i

11、nevitable D. negligible（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. hostility B. energy C. reason D. confusion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. interesting B. secure C. curious D. popular（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Being unemployed in the wake of the worst r

12、ecession since the“ 1930s is enough to tax anyones faith. So a growing number of churches, particularly the large evangelical kind, are ministering to the jobless through programmes offering spiritual as well as professional help.“Being out of work can be a time of faith renewal,“ says Jay Litton, l

13、eader of the Job Networking Ministry at Roswell United Methodist Church in a suburb of Atlanta, Georgia, which attracts more than 400 unemployed people of all faiths to its weekly two-hour gatherings. “We believe God should be a part of the job search. “Like other faith-based programmes for the unem

14、ployed that have sprung up across the country, the one in Roswell has all the passion of an evangelical service. Meetings start with time for networking (or “fellowship“) followed by prayer, a meal and a sermon. The names of people in the group who have recently found jobs, or “landed“, are flashed

15、on video screens overhead.Participants then disperse to attend workshops run by volunteers on such topics as writing a rsum and making an “elevator pitch“ (explaining why you should be hired in the time it takes to ride a few floors in a lift). Petrol and food gift-cards are given out to those who h

16、ave been unemployed the longest.Mark Godshall is a pastor at Bayside Covenant Church in Granite Bay, a suburb of Sacramento in California. Last year his church, which has a congregation of 11,000, started four-day workshops and weekly programmes for the growing number of jobless in its flock, as wel

17、l as others from the surrounding area where unemployment exceeds 12%. “Its in these moments when you dont have work when you can grow and make the changes that need to he made in your life,“ Mr Godshall insists gamely.Although gaining new members would he an obvious benefit for the churches, those i

18、nvolved say it is not the primary goal. “Were here to provide spiritual support and encouragement at a time when people can experience feelings of“ hopelessness and worthlessness,“ says Cindy Hall, a minister at the 1,000-member First Baptist Church in Sanford, North Carolina, which started a suppor

19、t group for its jobless congregants last July. Employers often post job openings with her first rather than in the local newspaper, she says. “I guess they know the kind of people our programme attracts tend to be principled and hard workers,“ she says. When the temptation is to stay in bed and watc

20、h the soaps, “these are people who regularly come to meetings and listen to devotionals. “ Amen to that.（分数：10.00）(1).It is indicated in Paragraph 1 that _.A. during a down economy, a lot of people confirm their faithB. the large evangelical churches do something to assist the joblessC. a growing nu

21、mber of churches are employing the urban unemployedD. many churches are offering some help to people who have lost their faith（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).We can learn from the passage that _.A. all unemployed lost their faith because of the worst recessionB. the faith-based programs helped refreshment of e

22、conomyC. God bless you when you were dismissedD. those who have been unemployed the longest would be given something（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From the underlined phrase “elevator pitch“, we can know _.A. elevator is placed where we can be hired easilyB. participants could communicate about their experien

23、ce of hunting a jobC. the church would give the jobless some work on the elevatorD. writing a rsum in elevator is effective（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Cindy Hall agrees that _.A. churches should offer some materially aid for the unemployedB. churches should give spiritual support for the joblessC. few unem

24、ployed people were swamped by hopeless and worthlessnessD. all above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The attitude towards people who regularly come to church is _.A. satisfaction B. skepticismC. objectiveness D. sympathy（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It is an open secret in the tech world that Google

25、and Facebook are hardly the best of friends. But now their relations are going to sink to a new low. According to numerous reports appearing today, Burson-Marsteller, a public-relations company working for Facebook has been urging bloggers and journalists to write scathing pieces about the way in wh

26、ich Social Circle, a Google offering that lets users share search results and other stuff with their friends, violates users privacy. The Financial Timess website quotes Burson-Marsteller as saying that Facebook had asked the PR fill not to reveal who it was working for. The agency admitted that agr

27、eeing to this “was not at all standard operating procedure and is against our policies, and the assignment on those terms should have been declined. “ USA Today is carrying the same statement from the PR fill.There is no shortage of irony in all this. It is true that Google hardly has a stellar trac

28、k record on privacy matters. The companys Google Buzz social network came under fire when it was launched for using peoples Gmail contacts without their permission. And Google found itself in the middle of another stink when its Street View street-mapping service was caught “sniffing“ (accidentally,

29、 Google has claimed) data from unprotected Wi-Fi networks. In March the film reached a settlement with Americas Federal Trade Commission that requires it to submit to regular external audits of its approach to privacy issues.But Facebook is no angel either on privacy matters. In particular, it got i

30、ts fingers badly burnt with its Beacon service, which shared peoples activities on the web with their contacts. This case eventually led to Facebook having to cough up millions of dollars to resolve litigation brought against it for violating their privacy. It has also been bashed repeatedly by priv

31、acy activists for using default settings in its privacy controls that mean users data is automatically shared broadly over the web unless they change them.Indeed, Facebooks reputation is arguably even worse than Googles in this areawhich may explain why, rather than concentrating on improving its ow

32、n act, it has chosen to pay third parties to take a pop at Google instead. This Babbages coverage of Facebooks shortcomings (e. g. here) may explain why Burson-Marsteller left him off its call list. It is possible that Google may have some questions to answer about Social Circles approach to data-sh

33、aring. But for now, it is Facebook that has egg all over its face.（分数：10.00）(1).Why does Facebook prefer to hit Google with the help of a third party?A. Because Burson-Marsteller is prestigous as a third party.B. Because Facebooks fame is no better than Google.C. Because Google is an enemy of Burson

34、-Marsteller in the field of high-tech.D. Because Facebook is not capable of taking a hit on Google.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “declined“ (Line 8, Paragraph 1 ) is closest in meaning to _.A. decreased B. eliminated C. rejected D. canceled（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What conclusion can we draw from this p

35、assage?A. For the problem of Social Circle, Google has already found the way to solve it.B. Google will pay millions of dollars to make up for “sniffing“ data from unprotected Wi-Fi networks.C. As long as users change the default settings correctly, their data will not be shared automatically on the

36、 web.D. Privacy problem widely exists in tech world and there is no efficient way to curb it.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How should we understand the first sentence of Paragraph 2 (There is no shortage of irony in all this) ?A. Facebooks assignment with PR firm is ridiculous.B. All the Googles offerings ar

37、e full of sarcastic.C. The news media was looked down upon.D. Google once violated users privacy as well.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the authors attitude towards Facebook?A. Supportive. B. Skeptical. C. Critical. D. Impartial.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Shares in Burger King (BK) soare

38、d on September 1st on reports that the fast-food company was talking to several private-equity firms interested in buying it. How much beef was behind these stories was unclear. But lately the company famous for the slogan “Have It Your Way“ has certainly not been having it its own way. There may be

39、 arguments about whether BK or McDonalds serves the best fries, but there is no doubt which is more popular with stockmarket investors: the maker of the Big Mac has supersized its lead in the past two years.Recession has favoured McDonalds over BK, whose share price has fallen by half since the econ

40、omy was flame-grilled in the summer of 2008. Shares in McDonalds have risen, reaching an all-time high in August. Same-store sales at BK have fallen for five successive quarters.Why has McDonalds been eating BKs lunch? Among other things, BK has always had a higher proportion of sales to young men,

41、who have been hit especially hard by the recession. McDonalds, by contrast, has for several years wooed women and older people with relatively healthy salads and drinkable coffee. BK has struggled to follow suit. At the same time, it has had to contend with angry shareholders, as the rising cost of

42、beef and other ingredients has clobbered its profits. BK may also have cannibalised its existing sales by offering value meals that were a bit too irresistible.BK is used to changes in ownership. It went from being part of Pillsbury, a food company, to Grand Metropolitan, a British conglomerate, the

43、n to Diageo, a drinks giant. In 2002 it was sold to a group of private-equity investors: TPG, Bain Capital and Goldman Sachs. They did a fair job, improving sales with better marketing. They also helped turn around the most troubled of the franchisees who operate most BK restaurants. In 2006 BK floa

44、ted its shares again. Its bosses may hope that going private once more will protect them from short-term stock market pressures while they ponder how to beat McDonalds.If BK does go private, it may be part of a trend in the private-equity industrynow that some of the bigger firms have rediscovered t

45、heir appetite for dealsof gobbling up the companies they had taken public during the bubble years but which are now trading cheaply. TPG, Bain Capital and Goldman Sachs still own a sizeable stake in BK, despite listing it on the New York Stock Exchange in 2006. However, it seems that other private-e

46、quity firms are interested in buying it. If that happens, no doubt BK servers will appreciate the irony : the act of passing a company from one private-equity firm to another is known in the business as “flipping“.（分数：10.00）(1).The reason why BK has certainly not been having it its own way is that _

47、.A. shares in it soared and several private-equity firms were interested in buying itB. there were arguments about whether BK or Mac serves the best friesC. private-equity firms would rather be interested in buying the Big Macs sharesD. the maker of the Big Mac has supersized its lead in the past tw

48、o years（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why did McDonalds get ahead in competition with BK?A. Because McDonalds has always had a larger proportion of sales to young men.B. Because McDonalds attracted women and older people with healthy food.C. Because Burger King has struggled to follow McDonalds but failed.D.

49、Because McDonalds has not been clobbered its profits by the cost of beef.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. BK used to change its ownership to ponder how to beat McDonalds.B. BK took going private as a protection from short-term stock market pressures.C. BK provided unhealthy food that was only accepted by young men.D. BK brought up the trend of buying a company that is trading cheaply.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The underlined word “flipping“ (Paragraph 5) most probably m