【考研类试卷】考研英语-328及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-328 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、At the beginning of (总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.Of courseB.For exampleC.In consequenceD.In particular2.（分数：0.50）A.Instead ofB.Rather thanC.As well asD.In comparison with3.（分数：0.50）A.demonstrateB.illustrateC.presentD.propose4.

2、（分数：0.50）A.“ups“ and “down“B.“goods“ and “bads“C.“pros“ and “cons“D.“highs“ and “lows“5.（分数：0.50）A.designatesB.fluctuatesC.calculatesD.regulates6.（分数：0.50）A.watchfulB.readyC.alertD.attentive7.（分数：0.50）A.manyB.severalC.someD.most8.（分数：0.50）A.whenB.howC.thatD.which9.（分数：0.50）A.builtB.shapedC.moldedD.g

3、rown10.（分数：0.50）A.nameB.ideaC.expressionD.image11.（分数：0.50）A.changeB.shiftC.transferD.alternative12.（分数：0.50）A.allB.partlyC.seldomD.often13.（分数：0.50）A.unlessB.whenC.sinceD.although14.（分数：0.50）A.zonesB.areasC.beltsD.sphere15.（分数：0.50）A.AsB.BecauseC.ThoughD.If16.（分数：0.50）A.modeB.wayC.formD.fashion17.（

4、分数：0.50）A.natureB.characterC.featureD.fact18.（分数：0.50）A.particularlyB.specificallyC.apparentlyD.virtually19.（分数：0.50）A.secondB.latterC.otherD.next20.（分数：0.50）A.lastB.moveC.liveD.survive三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.Which of the following best de

5、fines the word “aggressive“ ( Line 3, Paragraph 6) ?（分数：2.00）A.Bold.B.Harmful.C.Careless.D.Desperate.22.Which of the following statements its true according to the text?（分数：2.00）A.Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients death.B.Modern medicine has assisted terminally iii patients in

6、painless recovery.C.The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.D.A doctors medication is no longer justified by his intentions.23.George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they _.（分数：2.00）A.manage their patients incompetentlyB.give patient

7、s more medicine than neededC.reduce drug dosages for their patientsD.prolong the needless suffering of the patients24.According to the NASs report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is _.（分数：2.00）A.prolonged medical proceduresB.inadequate treatment of painC.systematic drug abuseD.insufficient

8、hospital care25.From the first three paragraphs, we learn that _.（分数：2.00）A.doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients painB.it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their livesC.the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicideD.patients have no constit

9、utional right to commit suicide六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.In the last paragraph, “play down their visibility“ refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.show offB.be very modestC.not show themselvesD.to debase themselves27.According to the passage, “things formerly judged to be best left unsaid“ (Para. 1) probably refe

10、rs to“_“.（分数：2.00）A.the opinions which contradict the established beliefsB.criticisms that shape everyones experienceC.the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eyeD.the ideas which usually come up with new ways of management in the organization28.The reason why women

11、 and blacks play down their visibility is that they _.（分数：2.00）A.know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotionB.dont want people to think that their promotions were due to sex or colorC.dont want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefsD.believe the

12、y can get promoted by reason of their sex or color29.To achieve success in your career, the most important factor, according to the passage, is to _.（分数：2.00）A.work as a consultant to your superiorsB.project a favorable image to the people around youC.let your superiors know how good you areD.perfor

13、m well your tasks given by your superiors30.The best title for this passage would be _.（分数：2.00）A.The Importance of Being VisibleB.Role of Women and Minorities in ManagementC.Job Performance and AdvancementD.Sex and Career Success七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.What happens to nitrogen in body tissues if

14、 a diver ascends too quickly?（分数：2.00）A.It forms bubbles.B.It goes directly to the brain.C.It is reabsorbed by the lungs.D.It has a narcotic effect.32.The word “diffuses“ in Para. 3 is closest in meaning to _.（分数：2.00）A.yieldsB.startsC.surfacesD.travels33.What should a driver do when ascending?（分数：2

15、.00）A.Rise slowly.B.Breathe faster.C.Relax completely.D.Breathe helium.34.What does the passage mainly discuss?（分数：2.00）A.The equipment divers use.B.The effects of pressure on gases in the human body.C.How to prepare for a deep dive.D.The symptoms of nitrogen bubbles in the bloodstream.35.It can be

16、inferred from the passage that which of the following presents the greatest danger to diver?（分数：2.00）A.Pressurized helium.B.Nitrogen diffusion.C.Nitrogen bubbles.D.An air embolism.八、Text 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.According to the passage, early-twentieth-century education reformers believed that _.（分数：2.0

17、0）A.different groups needed different kinds of educationB.special programs Should be set up in frontier communities to modernize themC.corporations and other organizations damaged educational progressD.more women should be involved in education and industry37.The phrase “coincided with“ in the first

18、 sentence of Para. 2 is closest in meaning to _.（分数：2.00）A.was influenced byB.happened at the same time asC.began to grow rapidlyD.ensured the success of38.Vacation schools and extracurricular activities are mentioned in Para. 2 to illustrate alternatives to formal education pro- vided _ by public s

19、chools.（分数：2.00）A.the importance of educational changesB.activities that competed to attract newC.immigrants to their programsD.the increased impact of public schools on students39.According to the passage, one important change in United States education by the 1920s was that _.（分数：2.00）A.most place

20、s required children to attendB.the amount of time spent on formal education was limitedC.new regulations were imposed on nontraditional educationD.adults and children studied in the same classes40.It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that one important factor in the increasing importance of education

21、 in the United States was _.（分数：2.00）A.the growing number of schools in frontier communitiesB.an increase in the number of trained teachersC.the expanding economic problems of schoolsD.the increased urbanization of the entire country九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、The Revolutionary Wa(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数

22、：2.00）填空项 1:_42.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_43.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_44.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_45.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、46) Economic growth (总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.（分数：2.00）_47.（分数：2.00）_48.（分数：2.00）_49.（分数：2.00）_50.（分数：2.00）_十三、Section Writing(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)51.（分数：10.00）_十五、Part B(总

23、题数：1，分数：20.00)52.You should write about 160 -200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET .（分数：20.00）_考研英语-328 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、At the beginning of (总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.Of courseB.For example C.In consequenceD.In particular解析：试题分析 句子衔接题。详细解答 要填引起对前文进行说明的例子，

24、当然用 for example，故答案为 B。2.（分数：0.50）A.Instead ofB.Rather thanC.As well as D.In comparison with解析：试题分析 考查连词的选用。详细解答 填入 as well as 与后文 also 对应，故答案为 C。3.（分数：0.50）A.demonstrate B.illustrateC.presentD.propose解析：试题分析 动词近义词辨析题。详细解答 四个选项都有“解释，说明”的意思，但只有 demonstrate 更强调“证明，演示”，填人后符合句意，故答案为 A。4.（分数：0.50）A.“ups“

25、 and “down“B.“goods“ and “bads“C.“pros“ and “cons“D.“highs“ and “lows“ 解析：试题分析 句意衔接题。详细解答 根据生物钟的特点，谜里显然填入 D 项合理，同时，根据常识也可判断，正确答案为 D。5.（分数：0.50）A.designatesB.fluctuatesC.calculatesD.regulates 解析：试题分析 动同辨析题。详细解答 designate vt.指明，指出，任命，指派；fluctuate vt.使动摇，使波动，使起伏；calculate v.计算，考虑；regulate vt管制，控制，调节，校准

26、。根据句意，显然填入 regulates 符合句意，故答案为 D。6.（分数：0.50）A.watchfulB.readyC.alert D.attentive解析：试题分析 形容词辨析题。详细解答 alert adj.提防的，警惕的，填入后符合句意，故答案为 C。watchful 一般不形容人。7.（分数：0.50）A.manyB.severalC.some D.most解析：试题分析 常用搭配题。详细解答 本句应填入 some 与后文 others 对应，故答案为 C。8.（分数：0.50）A.whenB.howC.thatD.which 解析：试题分析 考查连接副词的选用。详细解答 填入

27、 how 引导主语从句，表示方式，符合上下文，故答案为 B。9.（分数：0.50）A.built B.shapedC.moldedD.grown解析：试题分析 动词近义词辨析题。详细解答 根据句意，所填词表示“建造，构造”的意思，而其他几个词的意思都不确切，只有 built符合要求，坟答案为 A。10.（分数：0.50）A.nameB.idea C.expressionD.image解析：试题分析 名词辨析题。详细解答 这里填入 idea。根据概括性，因为所填词与后文讲的一大段内容是同一件事。故答案为 B。11.（分数：0.50）A.changeB.shift C.transferD.alte

28、rnative解析：试题分析 名词近义词辨析题。详细解答 shift n.移动，轮班，填入后符合句意，故答案为 B。另外几个选项也有“变化”的意思，但不能表达“轮班”。12.（分数：0.50）A.all B.partlyC.seldomD.often解析：试题分析 习惯表达。详细解答 be all fingers and thumbs 在意思上正好与 have excellent coordination 相对，符合句子转折的意思，故答案为 A。13.（分数：0.50）A.unlessB.whenC.since D.although解析：试题分析 句间关系判断题。详细解答 所填词引起原因从句，

29、对前句进行说明。所以填入 C 项 since 符合句意。14.（分数：0.50）A.zones B.areasC.beltsD.sphere解析：试题分析 习惯用法。详细解答 表示“时区”，只能用 ZOHC，故答案为 A。15.（分数：0.50）A.AsB.BecauseC.ThoughD.If 解析：试题分析 考查连词的选用。详细解答 根据上下文，所填词引起表假设的句子，当然应用 if，故答案为 D。16.（分数：0.50）A.modeB.wayC.formD.fashion 解析：试题分析 名词辨析题。详细解答 所填词表示其后所描述的一段过程，只能用 way，故答案为 B。17.（分数：0

30、.50）A.natureB.characterC.feature D.fact解析：试题分析 名词近义词辨析题。详细解答 feature n.特征，容貌，特色。填入后符合句意。虽然 nature 和 character 也有“特点”的意思，但 feature 更强调区别于其他的特征，nature 更强调本性，character 指一般的特点，所以答案应为 C。18.（分数：0.50）A.particularlyB.specificallyC.apparently D.virtually解析：试题分析 副词辨析题。详细解答 apparently adv显然地，填入后符合句意，正好符合与前文 fl

31、ow on some days 相对的要求。故答案为 C。19.（分数：0.50）A.secondB.latterC.otherD.next 解析：试题分析 句意理解题。详细解答 根据上下文，from to 后应接下一天才合理，the next 可表达此意。故答案为 D。20.（分数：0.50）A.last B.moveC.liveD.survive解析：试题分析 动词辨析题。详细解答 根据句意可判断所填的词表示“持续”，因此应选用 last，故答案为 A。三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题

32、数：5，分数：10.00)21.Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive“ ( Line 3, Paragraph 6) ?（分数：2.00）A.Bold. B.Harmful.C.Careless.D.Desperate.解析：试题分析 文章细节释义题。详细解答 题干要求考生根据上下文判断第六段中出现的“aggressive“这个词的含义。原文谈到“使用无效和强制的医疗程序来延长死亡期甚至让病人死得很没有尊严，后面的形容同“ineffectual”和“forced”暗示前面的形容词“aggressive“有“大胆的、鲁莽

33、的”之意，A 选项“Bold”用于贬义时意为“大胆的、冒失的、失慎的”，意义最接近。 B 选项“Harmful”(有害的)、C 选项“Careless“(粗心的)和D 选项“Desperate“(不顾一切的)都不正确。22.Which of the following statements its true according to the text?（分数：2.00）A.Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients death.B.Modern medicine has assisted terminally iii pati

34、ents in painless recovery.C.The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed. D.A doctors medication is no longer justified by his intentions.解析：试题分析 文章细节事实题。详细解答 题干要求考生根据全文判断哪个选项是正确的表述。四个选项如下：A 选项“如果医生冒病人死亡的风险，他将被认为有罪”与原文意思相反。第五段首句谈到，只要医生开的药物是用于正当的医疗目的(legitimate medical

35、 purpose)，他就没有做违法的事情，即使病人用这些药物来加速死亡。选项中“hold sb(to be)”意为“认为、相信某人怎样”。B 选项“现代医学一直在帮助那些临死的病人进行无痛康复”与原文不符，第六段提到，引起病人绝望的原因是现代医学一直只能延长他们死亡时的肉体痛苦。C 选项“法院判决，医生可以开出大剂量的镇痛药物”是正确选项，因为第二段提到，法院对“双重效果”的医疗原则表示了支持，而第三段又提到，近年来医生一直使用这个原则为他们使用大剂量吗啡进行辩护。可见，法院是支持医生用大剂量镇痛药物的。D 选项“医生开的药物合不合法不再取决于他们的意图”与原文意思相反，第四段末句提到，如果你

36、是医生，你可以冒病人自杀的风险，只要你不是想要他们自杀。23.George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they _.（分数：2.00）A.manage their patients incompetentlyB.give patients more medicine than neededC.reduce drug dosages for their patientsD.prolong the needless suffering of the patients 解析：试题分析 文章细节事实题。详

37、细解答 题干要求考生回答乔治安纳斯认为在以下哪一种情况下，医生应该受到制裁。安纳斯所关注的是病人病痛能否得到有效处理，为解决这个问题他认为医生可以采取任何必要的措施和手段。在最后一段，他明确指出，对病人不必要和可预见的痛苦漠不关心的医生应该受到惩罚。因此 D 选项“延长病人不必要的痛苦”是正确答案。A 选项“不能胜任管理病人的工作”太宽泛，文中具体指的是病人痛苦的死亡可被认为是医生不能胜任管理的表现。文章第五段提到，安纳斯认为只要医生开的药物是用于合法的医疗目的，就没有违法，所以 B 选项“给病人的药物超过所需”和 c 选项“减少给病人的药物剂量”可排除。24.According to the

38、 NASs report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is _.（分数：2.00）A.prolonged medical proceduresB.inadequate treatment of pain C.systematic drug abuseD.insufficient hospital care解析：试题分析 文章细节事实题。详细解答 题干要求考生回答根据 NAS 的报告，临终关怀的问题之一是什么。根据第六段的全国科学院发布的报告中明确提到了临终关怀的两个问题：(1)对病痛不进行足够的扯理；(2)大胆使用“无效和强制的医疗程序来延

39、长死亡期甚至让病人死得很没有尊严”。因此 D 选项“对病痛的处理不力”是提到的问题之一。A 选项“延长的医疗程序”、C 选项“蓄意的药物滥用”和 D 选项“医院护理不足”都不对。C 项中的“systematic“意为“有预谋的、蓄意的”。25.From the first three paragraphs, we learn that _.（分数：2.00）A.doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients painB.it is still illegal for doctors to help the dyin

40、g end their lives C.the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicideD.patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide解析：试题分析 文章细节事实题。详细解答 题干要求考生从文章前三段中判断四个选项中哪一个是正确的表述。四个选项如下：A 选项“医生曾经用增加药物剂量的方法来控制病人的疼痛”的时间与原文不符。“used to do”意为“过去常常做事情(但现在不做了)”。文章第三段提到，近年来，医生一直使用这个原则为他们使用大剂量的吗啡来控

41、制临死病人(terminally ill patients)的疼痛进行辩护。可见，最近医生也这么做。B 选项“医生帮助病人结束生命仍然是不合法的”就是文章第二段首句的改写。该句提到，法院在判决中承认医生协助病人自杀不是宪法赋予的权利。选项中的“illegal“对应文中“no constitutional right“，“doctors to help the dying end their lives“对应“physicianassisted suicide“。因此选项 B 是正确答案。C 选项“最高法院强烈反对医生协助病人自杀”与原文意思相反。第二段明确提出，法院实际上对“双重效果”的医疗原

42、则表示了支持，这里的“双重效果”就是指“医生协助病人自杀”。D 选项“病人没有宪法赋予的权利去自杀”在原文中未提及，文中只谈到医生没有宪法赋予的权利来协助病人自杀。六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.In the last paragraph, “play down their visibility“ refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.show offB.be very modestC.not show themselves D.to debase themselves解析：试题分析 语意理解题。详细解答 根据本句前面内容“妇女和黑人大都害怕人们会认为他们升职是因

43、为自己的性别或肤色”不难判断 C 最合理。show off 炫耀，卖弄，使显眼；debase vt贬低，降低；modest adj.谦虚的，谦让的，适度的。27.According to the passage, “things formerly judged to be best left unsaid“ (Para. 1) probably refers to“_“.（分数：2.00）A.the opinions which contradict the established beliefs B.criticisms that shape everyones experienceC.th

44、e tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eyeD.the ideas which usually come up with new ways of management in the organization解析：试题分析 句意理解题。详细解答 意为：“与旧有的观点不一样的意见”。第一段指出，随着越来越多的妇女和少数民族进入高级管理层 (the ranks of management)，他们越来越想谈论以前认为最好不说的事情。新来者也倾向于用新眼光(with a fresh eye)看工作中

45、的事情，有时对于公司培养(影响)人的做法提出批评。28.The reason why women and blacks play down their visibility is that they _.（分数：2.00）A.know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotionB.dont want people to think that their promotions were due to sex or color C.dont want to give people the impressio

46、n that they work under false beliefsD.believe they can get promoted by reason of their sex or color解析：试题分析 事实判断题。详细解答 意为：“不想让人认为他们的晋升是出于性别和肤色原因”。即：不想让人误以为老板是因为喜欢她或让别人知道自己对不同肤色的人公平看待才给他们晋升的。最后一段指出，克里蒙的观点是否有点荒唐呢?对于许多人来说，特别是对妇女和像克里蒙这样的少数民族来说并不荒唐，因为他们感到自己已看到事情的本质(the scales have dropped from their eyes)。贾米森在纽约做管理顾问，帮助公司处理这方面的事务，她说：“公司工作的妇女和黑人经常有些错误认识，认为只要努力工作，就会有晋升的机会领导层的人会下顾(reach down)，给你升职。妇女和黑人大都害怕人们会认为他们升职是因为自己的性别或肤色，所以他们尽量不出头露面宣扬自己(play down their visibility)。”对于这些人，她的忠告是：学学白人男性们引人注目(find their way into the