【考研类试卷】考研英语(一)-40 (1)及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语(一)-40 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy, the symbol of American military adventurism, but that s not how it used to be. To the men and women whoU U 1 /U /Uin World War I1 and the people they libera

2、ted, the GI. was theU U 2 /U /Uman grown into hero, the pool farm kid torn away from his home, the guy whoU U 3 /U /Uall the burdens of battle, who slept in cold foxholes, who went without theU U 4 /U /Uof 1hod and shelter, who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder. This was not a voh

3、mteer soldier, not someone well paid,U U 5 /U /Uan average guy, upU U 6 /U /Uthe best trained, best equipped, fiercest, most brutal enemies seen in centuries.His name is not much. GI. is just a military abbreviationU U 7 /U /UGovermnent Issue, and it was on all of the articleU U 8 /U /Uto soldiers.

4、And Joe? A common name for a guy who neverU U 9 /U /Uit to the top. Joe Blow, Joe Magrae. a working class name.The United States hasU U 10 /U /Uhad a president or vieepresident or secretary of state Joe.GI. Joe had aU U 11 /U /Ucareer fighting Geman, Japanese, and Korean troops. He appears as a char

5、acter, or aU U 12 /U /Uof American personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GL Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers PyleU U 13 /U /Uportrayde themselves in the fihn. Pyle was famous for covering theU U 14 /U /Uside of the warl, writing about the dirt

6、-snow-and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were U U 15 /U /Uor what towns were captured or liberated. His reportsU U 16 /U /Uthe “willie“ cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both menU U 17 /U /Uthe dirt and exhaustion of war, theU U 18 /U /Uof civilization that the soldiers shar

7、ed with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep.U U 19 /U /UEgypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G. I. Joe was any American soldier,U U 20 /U /Uthe most important person in their lives.（分数：10.00）(1). A. performed B. served C. rebelled D. betrayed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.

8、(2). A. actual B. common C. special D. normal（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3). A. bore B. cased C. removed D. loaded（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4). A. necessities B. facilities C. commodities D. properties（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5). A. and B. nor C. but D. hence（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6). A. for B. into C. form D. against（分数：0.50）A.

9、B.C.D.(7). A. meaning B. implying C. symbolizing D. claiming（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8). A. handed out B. turn over C. brought back D. passed down（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9). A. pushed B. got C. made D. managed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10). A. ever B. never C. either D. neither（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11). A. disguised B. distu

10、rbed C. disputed D. distinguished（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12). A. company B. collection C. community D. colony（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13). A. employed B. appointed C. interviewed D. questioned（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14). A. ethical B. military C. political D. human（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15). A. ruined B. commuted C. patrol

11、led D. gained（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16). A. paralleled B. counteracted C. duplicated D. contradicted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17). A. neglected B. avoided C. emphasized D. admired（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18). A. stages B. illusions C. fragments D. advances（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19). A. With B. To C. Among D. Beyond（分数：0.50）

12、A.B.C.D.(20). A. on the contrary B. by this means C. from the outset D. at that point（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Many video games feature an invincibility power-up that makes the players impervious to damage, at least for a whi

13、le. As the economic crisis hit in late 2008, some said the same about the industry itself. The theory went that sales of video games, which had been strong in 2008, would also be strong in 2009, because games are a relatively cheap form of entertainment that let people escape from gloomy economic re

14、ality.At first glance the sales figures seem to debunk the idea that video games are recession-proof. In June 2009, for example, sales of games in America were 31% lower than in June 2008, according to NPD, a market-research firm. In July sales were down 26% , the fifth successive monthly decline. B

15、ut the year ended with a record-breaking December, as people bought consoles and games for Christmas. Globally, says Piers Harding-Rolls of Screen Digest, a consuhancy, sales of games were down by 6.3% in 2009. The number of Nintendo Win and Microsoft Xbox 360 consoles sold was flat in 2009 ; sales

16、of Sows PlayStation 3 were up by 22% after a price cut.In some respects, this stumble reflects gamings new popularity. When it was less of a mainstream activity it was not so connected to the wider economic cycle. The success of the family-friendly Wii has broadened gamings appeal, but the new playe

17、rs it has attracted are less fanatical garners who are more likely to cut back in hard times. During 2009 more people turned to mobile, web-based or second-hand games, says Mr Harding-Rofls.Another way of looking at things, however, is to say that spending on gaming is driven by big hits, and that t

18、he slight decline in 2009 reflects creative rather than economic weakness. Entertainment industries always have their ups and downs, says Shigeru Miyamoto, the creative force behind many of Nintendos biggest games. There was an unusually large number of hits in 2008, which boosted sales, and fewer b

19、ig releases in 2009 until late in the year, which may explain the weak mid-year sales. The biggest hit was “Modern Warfare 2“, released in November, which became the fastest-selling game in history, selling 7 million copies worldwide on its first day. The top 20 games took a larger share of sales in

20、 2009 than in 2008, which shows that the games industry is becoming increasingly polarised between hits and misses. Hence the hit-and-miss results of the big publishers of video games.Overall, says Mr Miyamoto, 2009s crop of games may just have been less compelling. “We were not able to produce fun-

21、enough products,“ he says. That highlights the importance of continued innovation, he saysbut it leaves unanswered the question of whether gaming is indeed recession-proof.（分数：10.00）(1).In America, which month is the most highest sales of video games? A. June in 2008. B. March In 2009 C. November in

22、 2009 D. December in 2009（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the third paragraph that gives the examples of Wii infer? A. Wider economic cycle has been a little related to video games industry. B. Nintendo made the video games more attractive. C. Wii lost attractions to fanatical gamers. D. Recession had

23、 no influence in investing the video games.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From the fourth paragraph, we can know that_. A. entertainment have been in the slight decline recently B. creative games will bring good sales C. sale increasing by the end of 2009 is due to big hits of games D. “Modern Warfare 2“ bene

24、fits from the Shigeru Miyamotos innovations（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the opinion that the sales figures of the video game industry reduced in 2009 not because of economy crisis is not supportive? A. Other games are distributed. B. The video game is on the decline. C. The video game doesnt have e

25、nough creation. D. Fanatical garners dont reduce expense.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the light of what Shigeru Miyamoto said, we can infer_. A. games innovations may lead to the sale decline of 2009 B. he has no idea about whether it is influenced by the economic crisis C. the gap of hits and misses in

26、games industries is innovative D. games industries will soon recover from the level of 2008（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Under pressure from animal welfare groups, two national science teachers associations have adopted guidelines that ban classroom experiments harming animals. The Nat

27、ional Association of Biology Teachers and the National Science Teachers Association hope to end animal abuse in elementary and secondary schools and, in turn, discourage students from mishandling animals in home experiments and science fair projects.Animal welfare groups are apparently most concerne

28、d with high school students experimenting with animals in extracurricular projects. Barbara Orlans, President of the Scientists Center for Animal Welfare, said that students have been performing surgery at random, testing known poisonous substances, and running other pathology experiments on animals

29、 without even knowing normal physiology.At one science fair, a student cut off the leg and tail of a lizard to demonstrate that only the tail can regenerate, she said. In another case, a student bound sparrows, starved them and observed their behavior.“The amount of abuse has been quite horrifying,“

30、 Orlans said.Administrators of major science fairs are short-tempered over the teachers policy change and the impression it has created. “The teachers were sold a bill of goods by Barbara Orlans,“ said Thurman Grafton, who heads the rules committee for the International Science and Engineering Fair.

31、 “Backyard tabletop surgery is just nonsense. The new policies throw cold water on students inquisitiveness,“ he said.Grafton said he wouldnt deny that there hasnt been animal abuse among projects at the international fair, but he added that judges reject contestants who have unnecessarily injured a

32、nimals. The judges have a hard time monitoring local and regional fairs that may or may not choose to comply with the international fairs rules that stress proper care of animals, Grafton said.He said that several years ago, the Westinghouse Science Talent Search banned harmful experiments to animal

33、s when sponsors threatened to cancel their support after animal welfare groups lobbied for change.The teachers adopted the new policies also to fend off proposed legislation-in states including Missouri and New York that would restrict or prohibit experiments on animals.Officials of the two teachers

34、 organizations say that they dont know how many animals have been abused in the classroom. On the one hand, many biology teachers are not trained in the proper care of animals, said Wayne Moyer, executive director of the biology teachers association. On the other, the use of animals in experiments h

35、as dropped in recent years because of school budget cuts. The association may set up seminars to teach better animal care to its members.（分数：10.00）(1).The title which best expresses the content of the text is A. Science Teachers to Ban Testing Harmful to Animals. B. Teachers Policy Change in Experim

36、ent on Animals. C. The New Policies of Banning Harmful Experiments to Animals. D. The Importance of Prohibiting Harmful Experiments on Animals.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the text, animal welfare groups have succeeded in A. stopping all animal abuse in schools. B. establishing guidelines that

37、ban classroom experiments harming animals. C. protecting animals from being experimented with in extracurricular projects. D. persuading two national science teachers associations to adopt an animal protection policy.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Thurman Grafton suggests that A. animal abuse is horrible and

38、should be terminated. B. the teachers have been compelled to do all animal experiments. C. prohibition of experiments on animals will discourage students from being curious. D. the international science and Engineering Fair will cease to operate because of the new policies.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It ca

39、n be learned from the text that the teachers ban harmful experiments to animals in order to A. maintain ecological balance. B. please animal welfare groups. C. get financial support from their sponsors. D. protect necessary harmless experiments on animals.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It is suggested toward

40、the end of the text that A. the seriousness of animal abuse in the classroom is unknown. B. training teachers in animal care may contribute to reducing animal abuse. C. fewer animals have been used in experiments in recent years. D. many biology teachers are not trained in proper care of animal.（分数：

41、2.00）A.B.C.D.六、BText 3/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The simple act of surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may seem innocuousso much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a cascade of silent events, as that data point is acquired, analyzed, categ

42、orized, stored and sold over and over again. Future attacks on your privacy may come from anywhere, from anyone with money to purchase that phone number you surrendered. If you doubt the multiplier effect, consider your e-mail inbox. If its loaded with spam, its undoubtedly because at some point in

43、time you unknowingly surrendered your e-mail to the wrong Web site.Do you think your telephone number or address are handled differently? A cottage industry of small companies with names youve probably never heard oflike Acxiom or Merlinbuy and sell your personal information the way other commoditie

44、s like corn or cattle futures are bartered. You may think your cell phone is unlisted, but if youve ever ordered a pizza, it might not be. Merlin is one of many commercial data brokers that advertises sale of unlisted phone numbers compiled from various sourcesincluding pizza delivery companies. The

45、se unintended, unpredictable consequences that flow from simple actions make privacy issues difficult to grasp, and grapple with.In a larger sense, privacy also is often cast as a tale of “Big Brother“the government is watching you or a big corporation is watching you. But privacy issues dont necess

46、arily involve large faceless institutions: A spouse takes a casual glance at her husbands Blackberry, a co-worker looks at e-mail over your shoulder or a friend glances at a cell phone text message from the next seat on the bus. While very little of this is news to anyonepeople are now well aware th

47、ere are video cameras and Internet cookies everywherethere is abundant evidence that people live their lives ignorant of the monitoring, assuming a mythical level of privacy. People write e-mails and type instant messages they never expect anyone to see. Just ask Mark Foley or even Bill Gates, whose e-mails were a cornerstone of the Justice Departments antitrust case against Microsoft.And polls and studies have repeatedly shown that Americans are indifferent to privacy concerns. The general defense for such indifference is summed up a single phrase: “I have nothing